Psychology Chapter 5 Quiz

Kaila stares at a bright light and then looks away. After she looks away, she perceives a spot. What is this spot?

Afterimage

Sidney extended her arm in front of her and then extended one of her fingers. She focused on that finger. Next, she closed her left eye without moving her head; then she opened her left and closed her right eye without moving her head. She noticed that her finger seemed to shift as she alternated between the two eyes because of the slightly different view each eye had of her finger. What is illustrated by this example?

Binocular disparity

what statement best describes trichromatic theory and opponent-process theory?

Both theories are equally accurate, but they apply to different levels of the nervous system.

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: Figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Shimon offers Mouin some salmon. Mouin thinks, "how nice. my friend is offering me fish. I wonder where he got it." This thought lead Mouin to feel happy, appreciative, and curious; he responds with a smile and an extended hand.

Top-down

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts?

Top-down

Matthew wants to win the student of the year award so badly that when the name of the award winner is announced, he is convinced that he hears his name. He stands up adn begins to leave the aisle when his friend grabs his hand. Someone else won the award. This illustrates how motivation can affect perception. True/ False

True

Read the following two sentences. (1) gre eng rass gr ow son themoun tain. (2) green grass grows on the mountain. How does the principle of Proximity explain why the second sentence makes sense immediately, but the first sentence does not?

We group letters of a given word together because there are no spaces between the letters, and we perceive words because there are spaces between each word.

Imagine yourself in a dark classroom reading powerPoint slides. If an audience member were to check the internet using her cell phone and causing her screen to light up, chances are that many people would notice the change in illumination in the classroom. However, if the same thing happened in a brightly lit classroom during a discussion, very few people would notice. The cell phone brightness does not change, but its ability to be detected as a change in illumination varies dramatically between the two contexts. This is an example of ______

Weber's law

Suppose you are watching a movie on a large screen. For a fraction of a second, the words, "drink cola" flash on the screen. You do not perceive the words "Drink Cola" because it is beyond you absolute threshold. in this example, the message "drink cola" is an example of ________

a subliminal message

Mona enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Mona can hear chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Mona no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________

adaptation

Sarit is at a bar full of music, chatter, and laughter. He gets involved in an interesting conversation with a woman named Mona, and he tunes out all the background noise. Sarit's friend, Karen, taps him on the shoulder and asks what song just played on the jukebox. Sarit says he doesn't know, even though he is sitting right next to the jukebox and is familiar with popular music. This illustrates the role that ______ plays in what is sensed versus what is perceived.

attention

Tiran's was born without the ability to experience pain, though he can perceive temperature differences and changes in pressure. What is his condition called?

congenital anaglesia

Derek's rods do not transform light into nerve impulses as easily and efficiently as they should, so he has difficulty see in dim light. This is called.

night blindness

different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies. This is demonstrated by ________

place theory of pitch

What allows Nancy to run without watching her feet and hit a baseball without focusing on the bat?

proprioception

______ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; _______ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

sensation; perception

Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he calls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from all the other voices. This illustrates _______ theory.

signal detection

top-down

the interpretation of sensations is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts.

Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. right/wrong

wrong

Phillip is riding his bicycle. His ability to sense how his torso is adjusting to the speed of his cycling and how his legs are pumping up and down is called kinesthesia. yes/no

yes

Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to ______

Their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the ________ side of the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the _____ side of the brain.

Left; right

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt.

Several studies have suggested that non-black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of black person. What does this imply about perception?

Perceptions are influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "pain that signals some type of tissue damage is known as neuropathic pain"

The word "neuropathic" to "inflammatory"