psychology chapter 6

Which of the following experiments involves the use of social learning theory?

determining how long it takes a person to learn how to knit if she is only allowed to watch YouTube videos of people knitting

Kerry is conditioned to fear strawberries. Raspberries are similar to strawberries, and even though no attempt was made to make Kerry fear raspberries, she reacts with fear when she sees them. This is an example of ________.

stimulus discrimination

Operant conditioning

learning in which the motivation for a behavior happens after the behavior is demonstrated. A response is increased or decreased due to reinforcement or punishment

Which of the following is an example of instinct: unlearned knowledge that involves complex patterns of behavior? Group of answer choices

conditioned response

What did John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with their studies of Little Albert?

emotion can be a conditioned response

classical conditioning

learning through involuntary paired associations. A neutral stimulus is associated with a natural response

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus.

true

Mark's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Mark meets his sales quota this month. Mark's boss is using ________.

negative reinforcement

Which of the following experiments involves the use of operant conditioning?

rewarding a child for finishing his oatmeal mush and counting how many times the child needs to be rewarded before he finishes his oatmeal voluntarily

Which of the following is an example of instinct: unlearned knowledge that involves complex patterns of behavior? Group of answer choices

baby seeking food by rooting and suckling

If the principles of social learning theory are true, then children may model aggressive behavior ________.

after seeing a television character receive a reward for taking violent action against another character

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ________ learning.

associational

Karin attempts to condition her puppy to greet her when she enters the house. She repeatedly pairs her entry to the house with a treat for the puppy. The puppy eventually acquires this ability, and Karin realizes how irritating it is for the puppy to run up to her every time she enters the house. She attempts to make the puppy stop, and eventually the puppy no longer feels motivated to greet her when she enters the house. The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.

continuous

Which of the following is the decrease in the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented with the conditioned stimulus? Group of answer choices

extinction

Jemma has a mental picture of the layout of her house, also called a latent map so when she comes home late at night she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a light.

false, cognitive map

Luke is taught to go to sleep when the light is turned off. However, for many months Luke no longer falls asleep when the light is turned off. Later, Luke begins to fall asleep when the light is turned off again. This is an example of higher order conditioning.

false, spontaneous recovery

What was the main point of Ivan Pavlov's experiment with dogs?

learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus

observational learning

learning occurs through observational and imitation of others

What is the main idea of social learning theory?

one can learn new behaviors by observing others

Mathew tells a lie and is grounded. He does this several times, finally learning that his behavior (lying) is associated with a consequence (being grounded). Which kind of learning is this?

operant conditioning

Kerry is conditioned to fear strawberries. Raspberries are similar to strawberries, and even though no attempt was made to make Kerry fear raspberries, she reacts with fear when she sees them. This is an example of ________.

stimulus generalization

Which of the following is an example of observational learning?

teaching yourself yoga by watching a yoga group in the park

If a slamming door is a conditioned stimulus, then being able to distinguish between the sound of a slamming door and the sound of a heavy item being dropped would represent stimulus discrimination. Correct Answer

true

What is the main idea of operant conditioning?

Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments.

To maximize learning, a ________ should be presented on a(n) ________ schedule. Group of answer choices

CS + UCS; continuous

Giuliani is attempting to condition a parrot to greet him when he enters the room. He repeatedly pairs his entry to the room with a treat for the parrot. Giuliani can say that ________ has occurred as soon as the parrot greets him in response to his entry. Correct!

acquisition

Which of the following statements about Ivan Pavlov is true?

He is known for establishing the principles of classical conditioning.

Mrs. Jones takes her toddler into the pediatricians office fo routine vaccinations, over a period of nine months. Each and every time, the little one cries during and after the vaccinations are administered. On the tenth month, Mrs. Jones takes her child in for a suspected ear infection. As soon as the child sees the doctor walk in the room, she begins crying uncontrollably.

NS: the doctor UR: crying US: vaccine CS: the doctor CR: crying

Karin attempts to condition her puppy to greet her when she enters the house. She repeatedly pairs her entry to the house with a treat for the puppy. The puppy eventually acquires this ability, and Karin realizes how irritating it is for the puppy to run up to her every time she enters the house. She attempts to make the puppy stop, and eventually the puppy no longer feels motivated to greet her when she enters the house. The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.

extinction

In higher order conditioning, an established conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus. Group of answer choices

true