Psychology exam 2

A neuron is _____.

A cell of the nervous system responsible for receiving and transmitting electrochemical information

As Michael watches his instructor pass out papers, he suddenly realizes this is the first major exam and he is totally unprepared. Which phase of the GAS is the he most likely experiencing?

Alarm

Which of the following statements about alcohol is FALSE?

All of these options are true.

Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes make up the ________.

Cerebral Cortex

_____ act on the CNS to suppress or slow bodily processes and reduce overall responsiveness.

Depressants

Dr. Penfield is inserting electrodes into specific areas of your brain to prepare for performing brain surgery. It is MOST likely that you are undergoing _____.

ESB

The motor cortex in the ________ is responsible for guiding your foot to push on the brake pedal and stop at a red light.

Frontal Lobe

Tavish tells you that he can taste the color of the sky and see the sound of the birds chirping. It is likely that Tavish has ingested ________.

Hallucinogen

This is an interconnected group of forebrain structures involved with the arousal and regulation of emotion, motivation, memory, and other behaviors and mental processes.

Limbic System

The endocrine system is composed of all the following EXCEPT the ________ gland.

Neurotransmitter

________ occur early in the sleep cycle during non-REM sleep and are characterized by a state of panic.

Night terrors

Vision and visual perception occur in the ________ lobes.

Occipital

Gideon has been injected with radioactive glucose and his doctor is observing the activity levels in various parts of his brain. Gideon is having a(n) _____.

PET scan

A nightmare occurs during ________.

REM sleep

While reading your newspaper in the morning, you notice a crash in the street outside. The part of your brain that refocused your attention from the paper to the crash is the ________.

Reticular Formation

The ________ is another name for the cell body.

Soma

Which of the following is TRUE regarding a typical night's sleep cycles?

Stages 3 and 4 decrease; REM sleep increases during the night.

________ act on the nervous system to increase its overall activity and general responsiveness.

Stimulants

Which of the following terms do NOT belong together?

Structuralism: Observable behavior

If you are startled by the sound of a loud explosion, the ________ nervous system will become dominant.

Sympathetic

Yuri works as a switchboard operator at a busy company and directs incoming calls from all over the world to the appropriate department for processing. His job can be compared to the job of the ________ in your brain.

Thalamus

Depressants include all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Tobacco

If you were unable to understand what you hear or read, it is likely that your left ________ area had been damaged.

Wernicke's

A drug that mimics a neurotransmitter's action is called a(n) ________.

agonist

Nada believes that the drug she just took will make her more lively and outgoing at the party she is attending, but it is actually slowing her system down, and may impair her thinking and her behavior. Which of the following drugs has Nada ingested?

alcohol

Hallucinogens ________.

all of these options

Neurotransmitters are ________.

all of these options

The frontal lobes are responsible for ________.

all of these options

The right hemisphere of the brain is specialized for ________ in most adults.

all of these options

The spinal cord is found inside the spinal column and is involved in ________.

all of these options

Which of the following is FALSE about sleep apnea?

all of these options are true

Martha's children are playing in the waves and sand, while she is resting on shore. It is most likely that Martha's brain waves are primarily _____, while her children's brain waves are primarily _____.

alpha; beta

This almond-shaped structure is part of the limbic system and helps regulate emotion.

amygdala

With regard to the all-or-none law, ________.

an action potential either fires completely or not at all

Your text reports that the suspected cause of sleep apnea is ________.

an airway blockage or the brain's failure to signal the diaphragm

A drug that blocks the action of the neurotransmitter is called a(n) ________.

antagonist

The long tube-like structure that conveys impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons, muscles, or glands is called a(n) ________.

axon

Just before sleep, brain waves move from _____ waves, indicating normal wakefulness, to _____ waves associated with drowsy relaxation.

beta; alpha

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________.

central and peripheral

Nicotine activates the same brain areas as ________.

cocaine

This is an X ray procedure that reveals cross-sectional views of internal structural damage or problems in the brain.

computerized tomography scan (CT)

The central nervous system ________.

consists of the brain and spinal cord

The branches of the neuron that receive neural impulses from other neurons are called ________, and the tube-like structure that conveys impulses toward other neurons is called the ________.

dendrites; axon

The neuron has three basic parts that can be likened to your arm. Your fingers represent the _____; the palm of your hand represents the ________; and your forearm represents the ________.

dendrites; cell body; axon

A collection of glands found throughout the body that manufacture and secrete hormones into the bloodstream in order to effect behavioral change or maintain normal bodily functions is called the ________.

endocrine system

_______ scans measure brain activity by monitoring blood flow to specific areas of the brain.

fMRI

The BEST definition of the myelin sheath is a ________.

fatty insulation wrapped around some axons that increases the rate at which impulses travel along the axon

This is a small structure that maintains the body's internal environment and regulates emotions and drives such as hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression.

hypothalamus

Darius is sleeping right through the sounds of fire engine and police car sirens right outside his window. It is MOST likely that Darius is _____.

in Stage 4 sleep

The peripheral nervous system ________.

includes all the nerves and neurons outside the skull and spinal cord

The persistent inability to fall or stay asleep, or awakening too early is a symptom of _____.

insomnia

Beverly had a stroke that has left her with Broca's aphasia even though she can read and write. This suggests her ________ was damaged.

left frontal lobe

The somatic nervous system is made up of ________.

nerves that connect to sensory receptors and control skeletal muscles

the basic cells of the nervous system responsible for receiving and transmitting information are called ________.

neurons

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

non-REM: paradoxical sleep, paralysis, irregular respirations

While roller blading without a helmet, Irena fell and hit the back of her head. She was taken to the hospital because she injured her ________.

occipital lobe, and had visual problems

Juanita is relaxing on the beach. It is MOST likely that Juanita's ________ nervous system is dominant.

parasympathetic

This is the area where body sensations are interpreted.

parietal lobe

This is NOT a parasomnia.

sleep apnea

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Stage 2 sleep?

sleep apnea

The ________ nervous system arouses the body and prepares it for fight or flight during times of stress.

sympathetic

The ________ lobe is involved with hearing, language comprehension, memory, and some emotional control.

temporal

A synapse is ________.

the junction between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites or soma of another neuron

Which of the following is a circadian rhythm?

the sleep-wake cycle

Rosa has multiple sclerosis, a degenerative disorder that causes myelin to disintegrate. What effect is this going to have on Rosa's nerve impulses?

they will slow down.

Singh finds that he has to drink several more beers to get the same buzz he used to get with one or two. Singh has developed a(n) ________.

tolerance to alcoho

Which of the following is characteristic of Stages 3 and 4 sleep?

very slow, high-amplitude delta waves

Leilani finds that she perspires, breathes rapidly, and has muscle twitches and tremors when she tries to quit using illegal opiates. This suggests that she has developed _____.

withdrawal symptoms