Psychology Exam 2

Jess was in a serious car accident and is having trouble recognizing familiar faces. She MOST likely suffered damage to her _____ lobe, just behind her right ear.

Temporal

The basilar membrane lines the:

Cochlea

Suppose each pixel on a television screen or computer monitor codes the color of an image at that point in terms of red, blue, and green values. This closely resembles the way that:

Color is represented in the retina

Humans recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of how the viewing angle changes. This fact Illustrates perceptual ______

Constancy

The neurotransmitter that serves as our natural painkiller is:

Endorphines

Several days ago, Mitchell fell and hurt his ankle. Although it bothered him a little, he continued to walk on it. When he finally went to the doctor for X-rays, he found out he has a broken bone. It is likely that Mitchell carries a gene that boosts the availability of _______.

Endorphins

Gestalt psychologists were fond of saying that, in perception, the whole may ______ the sum of its parts.

Exceed

Rules for organizing stimuli into coherent groups were first identified by psychologists.

Gestalt

Research on wine drinkers has demonstrated that a wine's price _____ on its perceived taste.

Has a top-down influence

Mia is attracted to a man she is chatting with in a nightclub. What is probably happening to her eyes?

Her pupils are dilating

An 8-year-old cat Minnie ran away, got into a neighbor's cellar, and was stuck there for two months. Luckily, there was enough food and water in the basement for Minnie to survive. However, it was pitch black. When the neighbor returned from her two-month vacation, she found Minnie and returned her to her owner. How will this sensory deprivation affect Minnie's vision?

Her vision will be unaffected by this sensory deprivation.

Denise wears an extremely bright safety yellow sweatshirt when she cycles to the gym after dark. The sweatshirt's brightness reflects the _____ of the light it reflects.

High amplitude

As one walks into a brightly lit room, the black structure in the center of one's eye seems to shrink to a tiny black dot. This response is caused by the action of the eye structure called the:

Iris

Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception known as ______

Linear perspective

The phenomenon of perceptual set underscores the contribution of _____ processes to perception.

Top-down

Researchers Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk placed infants on the edge of a safe canyon to determine whether crawling infants and newborn animals can perceive depth. This famous experimental setup is known as the _____ cliff.

Visual

Tinnitus is a(n) _____ phantom limb sensation.

auditory

One type of extrasensory perception involves the ability to perceive remote events, an ability called:

clairvoyance.

Perceiving remote events is to perceiving future events as ____ is to _______.

clairvoyance; precognition

Ricardo has been suffering from a lengthy battle with the flu. His ears are painfully plugged with fluid. One morning his right ear pops from all of the pressure and fluid comes out. He screams in pain because the eardrum has punctured. This will result in:

conduction hearing loss.

electromagnetic spectrum

contains the wavelengths people see as light.

Which choice links a visual function with the correct pair of eye structures?

focusing light cornea and lens

There are _____ of receptors for smell.

millions

_____ initiate the sensation of pain.

nociceptors

Gretta is 85 years old and having trouble with her hearing. She worked in a factory manufacturing auto parts for many years. The MOST likely reasons for her sensorineural hearing loss are normal aging and:

prolonged exposure to loud noise.

The ability to accurately perceive distances MOST clearly underlies one's capacity for:

size constancy.

With respect to theories of color perception, the ______ theory applies to the first stage of color processing, whereas the ______ theory applies to the second stage.

trichromatic; opponent-process

Camilla has been told her basilar membranes are damaged. This is MOST likely to affect her:

Audition

In 1937, two Harvard psychologists asked the public for assistance in helping find the Lindbergh baby after he was kidnapped. People were asked to submit the contents of their dreams. Out of 1300 submissions, approximately percent accurately predicted that the baby had already died.

5

Talia is 45 years old. She has started to notice that newspaper print is too small for her to read. Talia needs reading glasses because the lenses of her eyes are less able to adjust, or:

Accommodate

Relative size, interposition, relative motion, and relative height are examples of____ cues to depth perspective

Monocular

Relative height, motion, size, and linear perspective are examples of:

Monocular cues

Rods ______ are light sensitive and ___ color sensitive than cones

More; less

Enrico is having trouble telling the difference between the sound of a tuba and the sound of a piccolo. Even though a piccolo produces much briefer, faster sound waves than does a tuba, he has trouble picking out the differences in the of these sounds.

Pitch

The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters is called the ______

Pupil

The function of the basilar membrane is MOST similar to that of the _____ in vision

Retina

Perceptual sets are the result of _____ which are concepts that people form to organize and interpret unfamiliar information.

Schemas

is driving his 12-year-old car. He notices a sound coming from the engine, which involves ______ processing. He immediately starts thinking that the sound is similar to the sound his car made the last time he had it repaired, which involves _____ processing.

Sensation; perception

After many years of playing extremely loud rock music, Kyle has suffered significant hearing loss, which cannot be corrected with a hearing aid. Kyle is suffering from ______ hearing loss

Sensorineural

When Thad arrived at the gym Tuesday morning, he noticed the musty odor of the showers in the locker room. As he finished changing, he did not notice the smell. This is probably the result of

Sensory adaption

Troy and Allan are in the mood to have a hamburger for lunch. Troy wants to grill the hamburger outside instead of cooking it on top of the stove because he says he likes the taste of a grilled hamburger more than one cooked on top of the stove. The difference in taste Troy prefers is actually caused by the smell of the charcoal embedded into the hamburger. This is an example of:

Sensory interaction