Psychology Final - Quiz 6

Most antianxiety drugs belong to the chemical class known as

benzodiazepines

During a severe panic attack, the amount of this specific stress hormone found in saliva will increase.

cortisol

Which model of psychological disorders accounts for biological differences in individuals and explains why some people develop certain types of psychological disorders under stress while others do not?

diathesis-stress model

When compared to hypnosis, Sigmund Freud found ___________ to be a more gradual method of breaking through the walls of defense that block a client's insight into unconscious processes.

free association

Dzianis has a client with a phobia of dogs. He shows his client how to safely interact with dogs in a controlled setting to help reduce his fear. Which method did Dzianis use?

modeling

What is often suggested as the root cause for the development of dissociative disorders?

physical and sexual abuse during childhood

George composed an entire symphony during three weeks of intense, creative energy. During that time, his speech was unusually rapid, he did not seem to need much sleep, and he thought his symphony would be one of the greatest ever written. This pattern of behavior suggests that George may suffer from _____________.

bipolar disorder

Bettina has schizophrenia and exhibits symptoms of hallucinations, delusions, lack of emotional expression, and social withdrawal. Bettina exhibits __________.

both positive and negative symptoms

A person with antisocial personality disorder would exhibit which of the following behaviors?

Do something to hurt someone's feelings and not feel any regret for their actions

Branimira has been sober for 14 years. When she shares her story in her group therapy session, what advantage of group therapy benefits the other members?

Her improvement gives them hope.

In the context of the different behavior-therapy methods, which of the following is true of modeling?

It relies on observational learning.

Which of the following statements about suicide is correct?

Most people who die by suicide do give warnings about their intentions.

Who led humanitarian reforms in France to unchain patients in mental hospitals?

Phiippe Pinel

When effective, Alcoholics Anonymous is characterized by which of the following?

They heighten their confidence so they can face challenges without drinking.

Aki was beginning to panic as the store began to become crowed with shoppers. Aki most likely has symptoms of _______.

agoraphobia

Sheryl is suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder. Her doctor recommends that she take some drugs. Which of the following drugs is she most likely taking?

an antidepressant

Systematic desensitization involves:

associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli

In order for Tonya to stop smoking, her therapist laced her cigarettes with incense that smelled horrifically. What is the name of the technique that Tonya's therapist is using?

aversive conditioning

Delmar believes that he has been sent to earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to a female is doomed to be a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are absurd. Delmar's behavior best exemplifies _________.

delusions

Steve's physician has prescribed him valium for his anxiety attacks. This drug will _____.

depress the activity of the central nervous system

Cognitive therapy is _______.

likely to focus on changing the beliefs and attitudes that create and compound people's problems.

Since the 1960's, most people suffering from extreme psychological disorders ___________.

live in the community

Fila has a poor appetite and has lost a severe amount of weight in the past few months. She is unable to concentrate or make decisions. She no longer wants to live and wishes to die. Psychologists are most likely to diagnose Fila with __________.

major depressive disorder

Hoarding is most closely related to which disorder?

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Loredo is possessed by the thought that he might develop a severe disease due to germs. He tries to put these disturbing thoughts out of his mind by washing his hands several times a day. Loredo demonstrates _______________.

obsessive-compulsive disorder

The core of generalized anxiety disorder appears to be:

pervasive worrying about numerous stressors

Behavior therapists rely heavily on _________.

principles of conditioning and observational learning

Which methods are based on the thinking of Sigmund Freud?

psychodynamic therapies

Which neurotransmitter is most clearly implicated in depression?

serotonin

Derris's mom used to give him gold stars on their refrigerator whenever he would help out around the house. If Derris earned enough gold stars, then he could have some ice cream after dinner. This type of reward system is called a _________.

token economy

Sean's client, Jacob, had quickly become unusually close to him, almost as if they were brothers. The term for this according to psychoanalytic therapy is what?

transference

Obsessions are:

unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person

Jalal is a person with schizophrenia. If his doctor chooses a biological approach, which class of drugs will Jalal most likely be prescribed?

antipsychotic

Jason meets a psychotherapist for the first time. During their session, the therapist tells him that she believes that humans have a natural tendency toward health and growth and that they are free to make choices and control their destinies. She also tells him that therapy is intended to help people get in touch with their genuine feelings. In this case, Jason's therapist is using __________.

client-centered therapy

Phineas Gage was injured when a metal poke he was using to tamp down explosives on a railroad construction project was driven through his eye and out of the top of his skull when the explosive detonated. Gage survived a primitive form of which procedure?

frontal lobotomy

Riley is obsessed with collecting chocolate wrappers. He pick up wrappers from the road and stacks them at his house. Over the years, these wrappers have piled up to such an extent that Riley is left with only a narrow pathway that leads from the entrance of his house to his bedroom. Although Riley has been advised by many to get rid of the clutter, he refuses to do so. Riley is most likely suffering from _________.

hoarding disorder

People with mood disorders:

may become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events.

Sanchez, an eight-year-old boy, suffers from unpredictable panic attacks and constantly talks to his imaginary friends. His mother confesses to the family doctor, "I probably drank too much alcohol during pregnancy and caused damage to Sanchez's brain." Which model of psychological disorders is forwarded by this statement?

medical model

Kata and her family were involved in a road accident. Kata was the only survivor. Her son and husband were declared dead. When Kata returned home, she started having dreams about people dying in tragic accidents. These nightmares left Kata with a rapid heart rate and feelings of anxiety and helplessness. Kata is most likely suffering from ________.

posttraumatic stress disorder