psychology for final

Carl falls down the stairs and badly sprains his ankle. When will Carl most likely receive help?

Before school starts when only one other student is in the hallway.

Mark and Cynthia are writing out checks to donate to their alma mater. First, Mark says he's going to donate $5,000, and then Cynthia indicates she might be able to donate more than that. Mark then decides he too could contribute more than $5,000. What is this called?

Competitive altruism

Wayne and Cheryl were at a restaurant eating dinner when he noticed a faint smell of smoke coming from the air conditioning vent. No one else in the busy restaurant seemed to be concerned about the odor, and Wayne was not sure if it was the result of an electrical problem or of food scorching in the kitchen. Wayne's uncertainty, combined with the observation that others were not taking action, means that Wayne will probably ________.

do nothing

What are the three distinct components of empathy?

emotional empathy, empathic accuracy, empathic concern

Ruth volunteers at a homeless shelter two days a month. She finds that she looks forward to her volunteer days because she feels good when helping others. Her mood is elevated before she reaches the shelter and for a few days afterwards. This situation best represents the ________.

empathic joy hypothesis

Steven sees an emergency and then his empathy is aroused; he then provides help simply because the victim needed help and it felt good to provide help. This example illustrates the ________.

empathy-altruism hypothesis

Adolescents who are better at empathic accuracy are ____.

more liked and less likely to be bullied

Kin selection refers to the idea that ________.

natural selection applies to behaviors that benefit other individuals with whom we share genes

The first step involved in deciding whether or not to offer assistance in an emergency is to

notice that something unusual is happening

Jason is the owner of a furniture store in a small Southern town. He donated several hundred mattresses to the Red Cross immediately after hearing about the devastation caused in a neighboring state by a hurricane. He was motivated to do so by his desire to help others, by thoughts of the income tax deduction he could take, and by the recognition his store would receive from his act of charity. This is an example of ________.

prosocial behavior