Psychology: Learning Curve 13a.

The neo-Freudian psychologist _____ said, "The individual feels at home in life and feels his existence to be worthwhile just so far as he is useful to others."

Adler

Dr. Smith is a modern-day researcher on personality who, like many in his field, believes that a shared evolutionary history has shaped some universal dispositions. Of the following theorists, who is MOST responsible for establishing this belief?

Carl Jung

Samantha is 4 years old and seems jealous of her mother. Every time her parents go to hug each other she pushes her mother away from her father and says No. Samantha then hugs her father and sticks her tongue out at her mother. According to Freud, Samantha is demonstrating the:

Electra complex

The neo-Freudian psychologist _____ countered Sigmund Freud's assumptions that women have weak superegos and suffer from penis envy.

Horney

According to Abraham Maslow, people are motivated by:

a hierarchy of needs.

Dr. Sorenson is a humanistic psychologist. Typically, her goal in the first session is to evaluate her client's self-concept. She usually achieves this goal by asking clients to describe themselves both as they would ideally like to be and as they _____ are.

actually

People who are _____ are open with their feelings and are transparent and self-disclosing.

genuine

Cliff is homeless, hungry, and desperate for food and shelter. He will do almost anything to satisfy these needs. According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy, Cliff will pursue his:

need for food

One research study found that men who reported strongly negative attitudes toward homosexuality experienced greater arousal when watching videos of homosexual men having sex than those who did not report such attitudes. These results demonstrate which of Freud's defense mechanisms?

reaction formation

Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display:

self-actualization

All of Ernest's basic physiological and safety needs have been met, and he feels a solid sense of belonging and of being loved. According to Abraham Maslow, this suggests that he will next seek to satisfy his need for:

self-esteem

Modern research suggests that the unconscious involves _____ that automatically and unconsciously influence how people process information about others.

stereotypes

At day care, 3-year-old Kirsten has learned that she has to wait her turn to ride on the tricycle rather than push another child off the tricycle. Using Freud's terminology, Kirsten's ability to postpone gratification in a socially acceptable way is a reflection of the ego's operation on:

the reality principle.