Psychology module 5

________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics. trait heritability temperament personality

Heritability

What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Milgram's obedience study? The Milgram study could never be repeated again because too many people know about it Milgram was unethical. Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person. Groups will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

A(an) ________ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society. neurotic Freudian inferiority psychosocial

Inferiority

Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism? Our defense mechanisms are formed in childhood. Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other. How we cope with anxiety reflects our personality. Emotions are cognitive processes with behavioral antecedents

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

In California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state, although statistics show that high unemployment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ________: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.If poverty causes high rates of crime, the high crime rates can be used to justify discrimination against those who live in poverty. This best illustrates scapegoating discrimination in-group bias confirmation bias

Scapegoating

If a person says that actors make effective spokespeople for potato chips because they are above average in attractiveness, which approach is that person using to explain attitude change? A. Stanford attitude change B. Zimbardo attitude change C. Yale attitude change D. Asch attitude change

Yale attitude change

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion? encouraging your parents to quit smoking by switching to chewing tobacco, then convincing them to chew less tobacco each week anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________. peripheral dissension perceptive deception aggressive discord cognitive dissonance

cognitive dissonance

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive. id ego superego unconscious

id

Which of the following is not part of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory? observation learning reaction formation reciprocal determinism self-efficacy

reaction formation