Psychology of Adulthood

A supercentenarian is someone who is over the age of: - 122. - 100. - 95. - 110.

110.

Approximately ____% pf American Indian/Native American women ages 18 years and older have an estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes. - 7 - 26 - 10 - 15

15

What percentage of adults 65 years of age and older have a college degree? - 11.0 - 26.7 - 9.4 - 32.5

26.7

Estimates are that by 2060, what percent of those 65 and older will be of Hispanic origin? - 27.5 - 17.8 - 37.4 - 22.1

27.5

Which of the following anxiety disorders shows the highest prevalence in adults 65 and older? - general anxiety disorder - social anxiety disorder - animal phobia - agoraphobia

agoraphobia

In the defense mechanism of ____________, you take great pleasure in being able to help people without expecting favors in return. - displacement - acting out - reaction formation - altruism

altruism

The plaques that develop in Alzheimer's disease are made up of which substance? - substance T - neurofibers - amyloid - cholinesterase

amyloid

The ApoE gene, involved in cholesterol transport throughout the body, is thought to play a role in the formation of which substance in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease? - neurofibrillary tangles - extracellular tau - amyloid plaques - Pick bodies

amyloid plaques

Which ethical requirement states that researchers should not associate names of participants with their responses? - anonymity - informed consent - debriefing - confidentiality

anonymity

The use of method of loci as a memory strategy to help older adults involves which set of steps? - asking for help from younger adults. - linking names of places with names of people. - associating items with rooms in the home. - re-reading lists of items to be remembered.

associating items with rooms in the home.

Which of the five pathways identified in the RALS comes closest to the identity achieved status? - downward slope - meandering way - triumphant trail - authentic road

authentic road

Researchers who study bipolar disorder in older adults emphasize which lifestyle change as part of treatment? - cutting down on exercise - sleeping fewer hours - avoiding smoking and alcohol - discontinuing lithium

avoiding smoking and alcohol

A latent variable in structural equation modeling is one that the researcher: - manipulates - disguises - constructs - observes

constructs

Both a financial analyst and an accountant would be considered to occupy jobs with the ___________ designation, according to the RIASEC model. - social - investigative - conventional - enterprising

conventional

Work that allows an individual to feel a higher sense of self-esteem and inner directedness contributes to which psychological quality? - extrinsic motivation - career recycling - boundaryless career - core self-evaluation

core self-evaluation

In written language, age-related changes in cognition make it more difficult for older adults to: - recognize complex sentences - remember familiar words - correct spelling errors - detecting misspelled words

correct spelling errors

In Vaillant's approach to defense mechanisms, which of the following is considered intermediate between immature and mature? - suppression - displacement - projection - denial

displacement

The term used to refer to the ages of approximately 18-29 is: - young-old. - early maturity. - emerging adulthood. - age of consent.

emerging adulthood.

Individuals who would prefer not to reveal their sexual orientation in the workplace, due to fear of discrimination, are more likely to experience: - strain-based conflict. - emotional labor. - affect spin. - extrinsic motivation.

emotional labor.

The theory proposing that aging results from mutations in the mitochondrial DNA is referred to as: - telomere - error catastrophe - cross-linking - autoimmune

error catastrophe

Older adults with borderline personality disorder continue to show high levels of which quality into later life? - impulsivity - fear of abandonment - problems in relationships - emotional instability

fear of abandonment

Unstable molecules that can form bonds with unpaired electrons and cause cellular damage are known as: - autoimmune substances - advanced glycation endproducts - free radicals - mitochondrial mutations

free radicals

The idea of achieving "redemption," according to personality psychologists, is most closely associated with which of Erikson's stages? - identity - autonomy - generativity - intimacy

generativity

Research on global patterns of happiness show that which types of countries are most likely to show the "U-shaped" effect? - high income - island nations - southern hemisphere - low income

high income

A study of "semisupercentenarians" suggested that resistance to ________________ could be an important factor in longevity. - glucose accumulation - immune senescence - overactive thyroid - T cell activity

immune senescence

As shown by research on superagers, ____________ in the brain seems to predict successful cognitive aging. - less cortical thickness - lower levels of inflammatory responses - reduced amount of white matter - improved connectivity in the default network

improved connectivity in the default network

Epidemiological research uses data on the emergence of new cases of a disease to estimate which statistic? - prevalence - incidence - correlation - regression

incidence

Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are, in Holland's theory, referred to as: - non self-directed - incongruent. - protean. - boundaryless.

incongruent.

Which type of research method in the study of aging would be most appropriate for understanding the impact of speed of presenting stimuli on the accuracy of remembering that information? - diary study - laboratory - observational - focus group

laboratory

Research shows that foods high in _____________ can help minimize bone loss in later adulthood. - potassium - sugars - magnesium - cholesterol

magnesium

According to the _____________ model of aging, the nervous system of older adults is subject to inevitable declines. - hippocampal - neuronal fallout - CRUNCH - plasticity

neuronal fallout

When a sample of people are followed over time, the less able ones tend to drop out of the sample, a problem known as: logistic regression - quasi-experimentation - selective attrition - cohort reduction

selective attrition

Which type of exercise would be best to prevent damage to the joints in adulthood? - tennis - basketball - stretching - jogging

stretching

Individuals over the age of 80 with cognitive performance comparable to or better than middle-aged adults are known as: - supercentenarians - superagers - active agers - oldest-old

superagers

There is debate in the creativity and aging literature about the existence of the ___________ in the works of older composers. - swan song - old age style - mini-C emphasis - elder theme

swan song

In addition to age, a time-sequential study manipulates: - cohort - time of measurement - time of birth - condition

time of measurement

In addition to cohort, a cross-sequential study manipulates: - age - time of birth - time of measurement - condition

time of measurement

People in the year 1999 were concerned about the "Y2K" effect and how it would affect their businesses. If scores on measures of anxiety among 40-year-old business executives taken at this time were unusually high, this might indicate which type of effect in developmental research? - time of life - age - time of measurement - attrition

time of measurement

The Strong Vocational Interest Inventory (SVII) can help identify a worker's RIASEC type by assessing their: - level of congruence - job motivation - top interests - job skills

top interests

The moral dilemma known as the ____________ illustrates the relativism in post-formal and dialectical thinking? - cereal choice - attraction effect - physician decision - trolley problem

trolley problem

The concept of attachment style is closes to which of Erikson's psychosocial stages? - trust vs. mistrust - ego integrity vs. despair - intimacy vs. isolation - initiative vs. guilt

trust vs. mistrust

According to the inhibitory deficit hypothesis, older adults have more attentional problems because they are unable to: - divide their attention between tasks. - scan stimuli for prolonged periods. - tune out irrelevant information. - provide a fast and accurate response.

tune out irrelevant information.

Which life course theory proposes that older adults have maximal levels of well-being when they maintain their previous degree of social involvement? - ecological - disengagement - continuity - activity

continuity

The effect of aging on the excretory system reflects, in part, changes in which type of cell? - B cell - neuron - nephron - alveolus

nephron

According to the General Slowing Hypothesis proposed by Timothy Salthouse, older people perform more slowly on reaction time tasks because they are experience changes in: - stereotype threat. - processing resources. - environmental stimulation. - circadian rhythms.

processing resources.

Which natural compound, found in grapes (and therefore wine), is thought to have potential as an antioxidant? - collagen - vitamin C - folic acid - resveratrol

resveratrol

Remembering an event from your past, such as your first day of college, falls into the category of _____________ memory. - episodic - implicit - semantic - working

semantic

Which model of successful aging places the greatest emphasis on optimism? - social indicator - paradox of well-being - set point perspective - communication ecology

set point perspective

Which species of animal does not get cancer, and is therefore being studied to understand genetic causes of the disease? - dolphin - tuna - shark - whale

shark

Which species of animal does not get cancer, and is therefore being studied to understand genetic causes of the disease? - tuna - dolphin - whale - shark

shark

Research on schizophrenia in adults from 20 to 64 showed increased risk of mortality due to: - institutionalization in psychiatric facilities. - use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. - being victims of violent homicides. - overdoses of antipsychotic medications.

use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.

A researcher discovers that the lifetime prevalence of diabetes in middle adulthood is approximately 13%. This means that for people in this age group: - the risk of new cases of diabetes in this age group is 13%. - people with diabetes are more likely to die at a younger age. - 13% of the population already has a diagnosis of diabetes. - diabetes is less of a problem for middle-aged than for young adults.

13% of the population already has a diagnosis of diabetes.

The American Heart Association recommends that adults engage in moderate exercise for how many minutes per week? - 90 - 150 - 300 - 30

150

As of 2018, what percent of adults 65 and older in the U.S. abuse prescription drugs? - 1.6 - 0.3 - 2.2 - 3.4

2.2

The current divorce rate in the U.S., based on 1,000 in the population is: - 13.4 - 8.7 - 2.9 - 49.9

2.9

Which percentage represents the amount of variation in longevity estimated to be inherited? - 25 - 50 - 67 - 12

25

Studies of the genetic contributions to aging use data on the lifespan of species, with that of the house mouse averaging at: - 6 years - 9 months - 3 years - 15 days

3 years

The number of supercentenarians being tracked by the Gerontology Research Group is: - 1450 - 90 - 110 - 36

36

Which of the following is a myth vs. a fact about personality and aging? - People become nicer as they get older. - Pessimists report a higher quality of life because they're less likely to be disappointed. - Aging brings fewer social responsibilities allowing people to do more of what they want. - Being in love can help reduce neuroticism.

Pessimists report a higher quality of life because they're less likely to be disappointed.

The substances that accumulate with age in collagen, causing it to cross-link, are known as: - telomere-shortening molecules - antioxidant radicals - single nucleotide polymorphisms - advanced glycation end-products

advanced glycation end-products

After formally retiring at the age of 68, a financial analyst continues to use the term "retired financial analyst" when being introduced to new people. This individual provides an example of which theory of retirement and the individual? - continuity - life span - autonomy - role

continuity

The older adults least likely to take advantage of strategies to improve their memory are low in which type of memory-related belief? - activity - conscious threat - self-efficacy - controllability

controllability

A career counselor working with a client seeking to change occupations uses Holland's RIASEC model to determine that the client would feel most satisfied in a career as an accountant. This suggests that the client is high on which of the RIASEC types? - conventional - enterprising - artistic - realistic

conventional

Although older airline pilots have fewer fatal accidents than their younger counterparts, researchers report that their performance may be negatively affected by: - failure to follow regulations. - disrupted sleep schedules. - poorer hearing and vision. - lack of familiarity with new systems.

disrupted sleep schedules.

The World Health Organization's concept of Active and Healthy Ageing incorporates which feature not included in the Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging? - diversity - cognitive functioning - social engagement - physical health

diversity

Researchers studying the relationship between stress and memory performance in older adults suggest that __________________ accounts for the poorer memories of people who report high daily stressors. - stereotype threat - adopting poorer eating habits - drains on attentional resources - metabolic syndrome

drains on attentional resources

The concept of "life space-life stages" in Super's theory is close to the ______________ model proposed by Bronfenbrenner. - environmental - psychosocial - ecological - selectivity

ecological

Healthcare providers should inquire about the possibility of __________ if they notice unexplained injuries in their older adult patients such as bruises and scars. - elder abuse - depression - financial fraud - bipolar disorder

elder abuse

The Communication Predicament Model is most closely associated with which specific feature of language directed toward older adults? - enunciation - elderspeak - perseveration - simplification

elderspeak

A psychologist suspects that an older adult has developed hoarding disorder when the individual is unable to dispose of: - a favorite set of stainless steel pots and pans. - photo albums of family members. - empty cans, old newspapers, and food remnants. - holiday decorations and wrapping paper.

empty cans, old newspapers, and food remnants.

A couple's friends are not at all surprised to learn that the couple has decided to divorce, because they suspected the relationship would end almost as soon as it began. Which long-term pathway of relationships corresponds to this circumstance? - socioemotional selectivity - enduring dynamics - disillusionment - emergent distress

enduring dynamics

According to AgeFeed, which behavior might be of concern for mental health if shown in an older adult? - engaging in new, risky behaviors - showing interest in watching crime dramas - wanting to move from a house to apartment - selling out-of-date appliances

engaging in new, risky behaviors

People who are securely attached in adulthood show which behaviors toward people who are close to them? - feel happiest only when they actually in their presence - prefer to maintain their independence to avoid being abandoned - enjoy being with them but are able to withstand separation - worry that their partners are going to leave them for someone else

enjoy being with them but are able to withstand separation

As pointed out in the AgeFeed, a health problem that can exacerbate arthritis is: - eating high fiber foods. - excess weight. - exposure to the sun. - lack of sleep.

excess weight.

Because age can never be manipulated, studies on aging can never be considered: - correlational - experimental - valid - lab research

experimental

Unless an individual exercises, he or she can expect to show a lowering of _________, or a measure of the proportion of body weight that includes muscle and bone. - growth hormone - melatonin - fat-free mass - basal metabolism

fat-free mass

Possible selves theory proposes that people thinking about the future try to avoid their __________ future self. - feared - uncontrolled - emotion-focused - impossible

feared

A political consultant is working for a candidate to determine what will influence the candidate's popularity in the voting district. Rather than using a poll, the consultant brings together sets of voters in groups of 10-12 to hear their concerns. This type of method is known as a(n): - focus group - archival analysis - case study - observational study

focus group

The works of older artists such as Chester French, Georgia O'Keeffe, and Michelangelo show such qualities as: - lack of willingness to engage in self-criticism. - greater attention to detail rather than shape and form. - focus on emotional impact rather than detail. - emphasis on their lost youth.

focus on emotional impact rather than detail.

A diary study would be particularly useful for researchers who wish to: - ask people to answer a questionnaire about current events. - follow the daily exercise habits of their participants. - study a few people very intensely. - observe their participants in controlled conditions.

follow the daily exercise habits of their participants.

In a longitudinal study, a researcher uses which type of approach? - compares people born at different times on one test occasion - asks people to complete an intensive interview over a two-hour period - follows a group composed of the same people over time - asks people to try to recall the way they were when younger

follows a group composed of the same people over time

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development, the microsystem includes: - mass media, health care systems, and the community - friends, family, and others who the individual knows - culture, nationality, and the economic culture - government and other large-scale institutions

friends, family, and others who the individual knows

Of the following, the type of exercise most likely to promote cognitive functioning in older adults involves: - recreational games - indoor videogames - athletic competition - functional training

functional training

The Geropsychology Guidelines of the APA suggest that clinicians should: - choose assessment tools shown to work with young adults. - refer all assessment services out to physicians. - gain knowledge about the aging process. - treat older adults in the same way as they do children.

gain knowledge about the aging process.

Erikson proposed that the key psychosocial of midlife involves the ability to achieve a sense of: - generativity - autonomy - initiative - industry

generativity

You're visiting a museum showing a special collection of the works of Rembrandt. Which features of his work would lead you to guess which of his paintings came from late in his life? - greater freedom in the paint strokes - depiction of optimistic themes - more attention to small details - presence of children and families

greater freedom in the paint strokes

In contrast to the WAIS-IV, the Primary Mental Abilities Test (PMAT) is given in which format? - peer-to-peer - individual administration - group testing - online scoring

group testing

A psychologist who specializes in treatment of older adults finds it at times frustrating to use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) in working with these patients because it: - cannot be used as a basis for insurance reimbursements. - has very little information specifically on aging. - only covers medical rather than psychiatric conditions. - is used by a small portion of the mental health community.

has very little information specifically on aging.

Cross-sectional studies of development compare people of different _________ at one point in time. - years of birth - historical periods - ethnicities - education levels

historical periods

According to equity theory, what are the major considerations that couples take into account in evaluating their levels of satisfaction? - how much effort each contributes - how similar or different the partners are - the extent to which they can express their true selves - whether the costs outweigh the rewards

how much effort each contributes

A distressed couple is seeking marital therapy because they feel that they are on the brink of getting a divorce. The therapist they begin treatment with works from a behavioral perspective, meaning that the couple will be asked to evaluate: - whether they feel the costs outweigh the rewards of their relationship. - how often they engage in destructive forms of conflict resolution. - whether their values and beliefs are similar or complementary. - which partner tends to take on more of the chores around the house.

how often they engage in destructive forms of conflict resolution.

Which of the following is likely to be considered a "cohort" or "time of birth" effect on psychological performance? - economic growth and decline, which influence spending power - a reduction in the health care provided to older adults - improvement in prenatal care through advances in medicine - changes over time in the individual's sensory processes

improvement in prenatal care through advances in medicine

The CDC reported in 2019 that 380 new cases of vaping-related lung disease were reported in 38 states of the U.S. This number represents what type of epidemiological statistic? - prevalence - remission - significance - incidence

incidence

Elderspeak is an obvious way to determine whether an older adult is being subjected to which process? - dialectics - testing the limits - infantilization - pragmatization

infantilization

An inability to tune out irrelevant information is proposed by the _________________ hypothesis of aging and attention. - plasticity - scaffolding - inhibitory deficit - peripheral resources

inhibitory deficit

Which of the following is a poorly defined problem that might create difficulties for older adults who lack computer expertise? - installing new software that has no printed instructions. - following online videos that demonstrate the solution. - following the 1-2-3 steps on printer instruction setup sheet. - inserting cords into color-coded outlets on a desktop computer.

installing new software that has no printed instructions.

In the ACTIVE study, cognitive training had continued benefits in which outcome measure in the 10-year follow-up? - instrumental activities of daily living - videogame performance - cardiovascular health - levels of anxiety

instrumental activities of daily living

The most common pattern of antisocial personality disorder in adulthood is referred to as: - midlife prevalent - adolescence limited - late life persistent - late life emergent

late life persistent

As shown in the example of a study linking health to well-being, the three variables of blood pressure, weight, and mobility limitations formed what is known as a(n) __________ variable. - predictor - multiple - average - latent

latent

In a study examining the relationship between health and well-being, a researcher chooses to use three indexes that will become the measure of health rather than ask participants to rate their own health. In this case, health is considered a(n) ___________ variable. - manipulated - observed - latent - sequential

latent

In selective attrition, a problem in longitudinal research, the ______ are most likely to drop out of the study prior to the end? - most capable - least healthy - least attractive - most interested

least healthy

In selective attrition, the researcher's concern is that the _______ participants tend to drop out before the study is complete - happiest - younger - wealthier - less able

less able

According to which theory of development do people become more focused on emotional aspects of relationships as they get older? - normative influence - life structure - socioemotional selectivity - secure attachment

life structure

What term did Levinson use to describe the pattern of an individual's total situation at one point in time? - five-factor model - possible self - life structure - socioemotional passage

life structure

What term did Levinson use to describe the pattern of an individual's total situation at one point in time? - socioemotional passage - five-factor model - possible self - life structure

life structure

Researchers who try to understand the causes of disease may group participants into those who develop the disease and those who don't, and test statistical models to understand which factors place an individual at risk. This approach of predicting disease outcomes from a set of risk factors uses which statistical approach? - simple correlation - focus groups - logistic regression - latent variable analysis

logistic regression

A 58-year-old man with a waist size of 41 inches is concerned because he's just seen an online news story about metabolic syndrome, a condition he fears he has because it's defined as including: - high levels of HDL cholesterol. - low fasting glucose levels. - a large waist circumference. - unusually low blood pressure.

low fasting glucose levels.

The World Health Organization reports that, around the world, the majority of individuals with neurocognitive disorder are found in countries that are: - English speaking - primarily urban - low to middle income - south of the Equator

low to middle income

The most common form of cancer around the world is cancer of the: - breast - prostate - pancreas - lung

lung

In a study testing the relationship between age and life satisfaction, a researcher introduces a third possible variable of meaning in life that might intervene by influencing the extent to which age alone predicts life satisfaction. In this case, the researcher would be testing meaning in life as having what type of effect? - moderation - mediation - qualitative - structural

mediation

The suicide rate is highest for which segment of the U.S. population? - men 15-24 - men 65 and older - women 55-64 - women 45-54

men 65 and older

Longitudinal research following the Sisters of Notre Dame provided support for which potential protective factor in Alzheimer's disease? - social support - mental activity - alcohol intake - physical exercise

mental activity

In order to evaluate the effects of a particular type of therapy on depression in older adults, a researcher examines the results of 155 studies that included 19,000 individuals. The examination through statistical methods of such a large number of investigations is known as what type of method? - focus group - meta-analysis - experimental manipulation - qualitative analysis

meta-analysis

People with the health condition known as ______________ appear to be more likely to experience memory loss as they get older. - chronic emphysema - osteoporosis - hypothyroidism - metabolic syndrome

metabolic syndrome

The term __________ captures the concept that aging involves a set of processes that include physical changes, personality, and culture: - transformational - biopsychosocial - multidirectional - interactional

multidirectional

Which type of statistical analysis permits researchers to evaluate the extent to which various measures predict an outcome variable? - multiple regression - meta-analysis - correlational study - prevalence study

multiple regression

In a meta-analysis, researchers analyze data from which sources? - careful inspection of the data from one investigation - multiple studies on the same topic - health records of individual participants - responses by individuals to questionnaires

multiple studies on the same topic

People who encounter life events that coincide with social expectations based on their chronological age are said to experience which type of influence? - normative history-graded - normative age-graded - nonnormative - normative psychological

normative age-graded

The earliest decline in the SLS on intelligence test scores were found to occur in which area? - number - vocabulary - fluency - reasoning

number

A researcher wishes to study the impact of sidewalk width on how often older adults accidently bump into other people, comparing rush hours with quieter times of day. The best method for completing this study would be: - observational - laboratory - case study - archival

observational

Feelings of imminent departure, sense of isolation, and greater expressiveness characterize which feature of creativity in later life? - selective retention - lastingness - old age style - equal odds rule

old age style

According to the ____________-Fluid-Crystallized-Intelligence model, which personality factor protects older adults against cognitive decline? - happiness - dialectical - openness - anxiety

openness

Which model of development places the greatest emphasis of inherited traits? - mechanistic - life-span - organismic - interactionist

organismic

Many researchers in the field of aging are turning to multivariate techniques, such as ____________, to overcome the problems of correlational methods. - sequential designs - path analyses - archival methods - case reports

path analyses

The method researchers use when they wish to study the impact of a set of variables on each other to see if they can be explained by a single model is known as: - simple correlation - mediation - meta-analysis - path analysis

path analysis

In the condition known as androgenic alopecia, middle-aged and older individuals experience: - thickening of the nails. - accumulation of age spots. - patterned hair loss. - graying of the hair.

patterned hair loss.

By using a Brinley plot, researchers are able to establish the relationship between: - age and scores on measures of verbal memory - speed of performance in relationship accuracy - memory on visual tasks compared to memory on verbal tasks - performance of older adults in relationship to that of younger adults

performance of older adults in relationship to that of younger adults

The concept of _____________ accounts for people who have only superficial ties with others in their social circle. - peripheral ties - skip generation - dyadic withdrawal - exchange theory

peripheral ties

The set point perspective to successful aging proposes that the greatest influence on happiness levels in older adults is: - education - income - personality - health

personality

The effect of ultraviolet rays on the skin, accelerating the process of wrinkling, is known as: - adrenopause - prebycusis - Dysthermia - photoaging

photoaging

In Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, the idea that older adults, or people thinking about a limited future, show a ___________ in memory. - personal bias - positivity effect - neutrality preference - problem-focused

positivity effect

What is the primary objective of research using multiple regression? - comparing the mean scores of different groups - looking at the relationship between two variables - predicting an outcome from a set of variables - examining the underlying structure of a particular variable

predicting an outcome from a set of variables

An epidemiological researcher is interested in understanding the origins of chronic disease in early adulthood. To establish a baseline of the percentage of people who ever had the disease up through adolescence, the researcher would use which type of statistic? - prevalence - observational - correlational - incidence

prevalence

Although she hasn't made her "famous" recipe for macaroni and cheese in years, your favorite aunt is able to put it together for a pot-luck family gathering without even having to consult her cookbook. This is an example of what type of memory, often preserved in older adults? - procedural - episodic - prospective - declarative

procedural

A new high tech company decides to focus its work on fall prevention for older adults. They begin with the simplest, "low-tech" method recommended by gerontologists of: - raising the thermostat so older adults don't get col - putting furniture in the middle of long hallways. - dimming the lights to prevent glare from windows. - providing handrails from halls and stairways in the home.

providing handrails from halls and stairways in the home.

The idea that the ego plays a central role in behavior is most closely associated with which theoretical perspective in personality psychology? - psychodynamic - cognitive - possible selves - trait

psychodynamic

In the film "56 Up," shown in class, the character Neil Hughes talked primarily about the struggles he's faced over his life in the area of: - psychological health - relationships with children - weight control - racial discrimination

psychological health

Which factor was included in the British study known as Whitehall II as involved in understanding the impact of occupation on health? - need for travel - yearly income - potential for injury - psychological workload

psychological workload

The personality trait of ___________, characteristic of people with antisocial personality disorder, tends to remain stable over the course of adulthood - psychopathy - impulsiveness - extraversion - narcissism

psychopathy

Research on evidence-based treatments for older adults suggests that the most effective approach should involve, as a first step: - medications plus psychotherapy. - psychotherapy alone. - in-patient observations. - medications alone.

psychotherapy alone.

The Mills College study of development, begun by Helson in the 1950s, showed the importance of midlife of feeling a sense of ________ in life. - purpose - satisfaction - attachment - loyalty

purpose

The element missing from a quasi-experimental design that makes it impossible to draw cause-and-effect conclusions is: - hypothesis - dependent variable - random assignment - statistical analysis

random assignment

Lining up all the colors in a Rubik's Cube so that each side has a single color represents which stage of problem solving? - steps in transformation - deciding on the desired end state - reaching the end state - assessing the situation

reaching the end state

Highly developed, stable, countries that have nearly equal birth and death rates have an age-sex structure that would resemble which shape? - trapezoid - diamond - circle - rectangle

rectangle

The fact that cells are only able to undergo a fixed number of divisions before they lose the ability to reproduce is scientifically known as: - replicative senescence - cross-linking - wear and tear - random error

replicative senescence

In attachment style terms, older adults may feel comforted by their pets, who provide them with a: - displacement object - sense of identity - possible self - safe haven

safe haven

Of the following, which of the following occupations would be considered an example of an Enterprising type, in the RIASEC model? - guidance counselor - salesperson - graphic designer - construction worker

salesperson

One of the known risks of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for older adults is that it can cause: - withdrawal and dependence. - chronic disorientation. - accidental overdose. - short-term memory loss.

short-term memory loss.

To obtain data on age and happiness, economists used which type of measure? - single rating scale - focus group - in-depth interview - clinical interview

single rating scale

To maintain a safe working posture, researchers recommend that people whose work involves sitting at computers take which precautions? - look up at their monitors - keep feet off the floor - sit at chairs with back support - use low-rise desks

sit at chairs with back support

Holland's vocational development theory describes the RIASEC model, which stands for the: - six factors that make up the model. - government agency that tracks employment. - names of the six stages of development. - corporation where initial testing was done.

six factors that make up the model.

The language skills of older adults appear to be significantly affected in a negative way by what age-related change? - problems interpreting gestures - slower reading speed - poorer vocabulary - difficulty grasping concepts

slower reading speed

A student begins graduate school at the age of 42, much later than the traditional-aged graduate student. This student would be considered to have an "off-time" ___________ clock. - stereotyped - social - epigenetic - normative

social

People who decide to retire before the typical age of 65-70 would be considered to have an older ___________ age than friends who are still working. - social - biological - psychological - personal

social

The staff of an assisted living facility is concerned that a new resident refuses to eat in the public dining spaces out of concern about being perceived as a messy eater. Based on this behavior, it is possible that this resident is experiencing __________ disorder. - obsessive-compulsive - borderline personality - social anxiety - agoraphobia

social anxiety

In the _____ theory of interpersonal relationship satisfaction, you would feel happiest in relationships when you feel that the rewards of the relationship equal or exceed its costs. - personal selectivity - social exchange - filial obligation - need similarity

social exchange

The ACTIVE study on memory in older adults found the most positive effects for which type of training? - vocabulary - speed - logic - number

speed

Prior to administering a memory test, a research assistant informs the older adult participants that the task is particularly difficult for people 65 years of age and older. Although perhaps unintentional, the research assistant has prompted the older participants to experience: - implicit memory bias - stereotype threat - retriva interference - reminiscence bump

stereotype threat

In the case report method, researchers on aging gather data by: - asking several people to provide candid reactions to a given problem or situation. - examining large amounts of information from previously established sources. - studying intensively one or a small number of individuals using many measures. - giving questionnaires to large, nationally representative samples of adults.

studying intensively one or a small number of individuals using many measures.

examining large amounts of information from previously established sources. - asking several people to provide candid reactions to a given problem or situation. - giving questionnaires to large, nationally representative samples of adults. - studying intensively one or a small number of individuals using many measures.

studying intensively one or a small number of individuals using many measures.

In which type of research method would the data produced involve having participants complete a set of 1-7 point rating scales in which they respond to items about themselves? - focus group - survey - case study - meta-analysis

survey

In a prospective study of the effect of downsizing on workers in their 50s, what approach would the researcher take? - randomly select downsized workers and compare them with people currently employed - ask downsized workers to keep daily records of their activities, emotions, and attitudes toward their former employers - survey a large sample of workers in their early 50s and follow them yearly so that those who lose their jobs can be compared to those who remain employed - ask downsized workers to complete questionnaires as if they were still employed by the same company

survey a large sample of workers in their early 50s and follow them yearly so that those who lose their jobs can be compared to those who remain employed

Because the ______________ are the individuals we study in later life, researchers caution that the findings may not be true for everyone born in a given period of time. - volunteers - institutionalized - survivors - young-old

survivors

Which protein within the neuron disintegrates in the formation of a neurofibrillary tangle? - alpha - senilin - collagen - tau

tau

Having majored in art during college for two years, as a junior the student realizes that in order to get a job, it will be necessary to get additional training in another field. The closest occupation in the RIASEC model to artist would be in which area? - teaching - sales manager - cook - financial analyst

teaching

Measures with high ___________ reliability provide similar results over a brief period of time among the same participants. - observational - construct - test-retest - criterion

test-retest

A study of retired vacationers showed that those who got the most out of their travels tended to: - use the time for self-discovery and reflection. - visit as many new destinations as they could afford. - renew their marital vows and relive their honeymoons. - spend as much time as they could by themselves

use the time for self-discovery and reflection.

In a study on job performance and age, an occupational psychologist asks workers at a large international company to complete online measures in which employees and their supervisors both complete their own versions of tests of the employee's performance on a set of rating scales. The correspondence between the two measures could be considered an indication of the test's: - consistency - reliability - utility - validity

validity

The personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness were reported, in a large study across 10 cohorts, to be related to which aspect of cognition? - verbal fluency - working memory - wisdom - problem solving

verbal fluency

In the family relationships literature, a developmental schism refers to which situation? - sibling rivalry between adult children - the abandonment of young children by parents - parents providing more support to one child than another - when parents and adult children stop valuing each other

when parents and adult children stop valuing each other

The concept of "emodiversity" with respect to wisdom suggests that wise people have: - the ability to laugh. - a desire to avoid unpleasant experiences. - a rich and varied emotional life. - generally positive moods.

a rich and varied emotional life.

Being able to use abstract symbols and logic to get to solutions are key abilities included in which of Piaget's stages? - assimilation. - problem-finding. - formal operations. - heuristic analysis.

formal operations.

One of the fundamental problems involved in the typical longitudinal (i.e. single-factor) study is that all participants come from the same: - social class - cohort - educational level - nationality

cohort

In a cross-sectional design comparing adults of different ages, researchers need to attempt to control for which possible factor that can complicate interpretation of the findings? - cohort differences - outdating of study methods - time of measurement differences - difficulty in tracking participants

cohort differences

Which model of successful aging stresses the ways in which older adults personally accept or reject ageism? - age unfriendly - communication ecology - creative elaboration - paradox of well-being

communication ecology

In a genome-wide linkage study, genetic researchers use information from _____________ to seek links between certain genes and diseases - blood types - families who share genetic risk - birth and death records - complete genome scanning

families who share genetic risk

The ___________ Predicament Model proposes that older adults can develop cognitive declines when treated as if they are children. - Interpersonal - Complication - Communication - Paralinguistic

Communication

People with a Type __ personality have high levels of anxiety, loneliness, and depression but try to suppress those feelings. - D - A - C - B

D

Although they each have differing exact patterns of symptoms, all forms of neurocognitive disorder have as a defining feature which type of change? - Unsteady gait and tremors - Lowered emotional inhibition - Declines in memory - Loss of consciousness

Declines in memory

Which form of neurocognitive disorder is considered reversible in that, with timely intervention, can be successfully treated? - Fronterotemporal - Parkinson's disease - Pick's disease - Delirium

Delirium

Which of Shakespeare's plays, the last composed in his life, is said to involve "a private world of the imagination"? - Hamlet - Macbeth - The Tempest - Othello

The Tempest

As shown in theoretical data on cognition and aging, intraindividuality in development is illustrated by the fact that: - All four individuals had low induction test scores. - The same 54-year-old had high scores on number but low scores on free recall. - The 54-year old performed similarity on free recall as the 23-year-old. - One person at age 18 had the same scores of someone at age 35.

The same 54-year-old had high scores on number but low scores on free recall.

Higher self-acceptance caused higher meaning in life. - The two variables are related but one did not cause the other. - Higher meaning in life caused higher sense of self-acceptance. - Lower self-acceptance is related to higher meaning in life.

The two variables are related but one did not cause the other.

The large-scale investigation of the relationship between health and occupational level is known as the: - Life Stress Examination - White House Project - Whitehall II Study - Capitol Hill Program

Whitehall II Study

Researchers believe the FOXO gene may play a role in which heritable trait? - life span - life expectancy - cross-linking - antioxidation

life span

The maximum age that a species can live to is referred to as the: - health expectancy. - life expectancy. - mortality limit. - life span.

life span.

The Berlin Wisdom Paradigm proposes that people who are wise have which quality? - can live with uncertainty - hold liberal political attitudes - can take advice from others - are able to quickly solve problems

can live with uncertainty

The symptoms of depression in older adults include which of the following? - generalized feelings of worry. - extreme fear of being alone. - feelings of worthlessness. - the inability to part with useless objects.

feelings of worthlessness.

A greater reliance on __________ may lead older problem solvers to make errors when approaching familiar problems. - heuristics - appearance - instructions - analytics

heuristics

As of 2018, the unemployment rate for people 25 and older who have a bachelor's degree was: - 3.7 - 1.6 - 2.8 - 2.2

2.2

The average time from diagnosis to death of individuals with Alzheimer's disease is approximately (for men and women combined): - 2 months - 1 year - 10 years - 5 years

5 years

The World Health Organization's estimate of the prevalence among older adults of all forms of neurocognitive disorder, including Alzheimer's disease, is _____%: - 5-8 - 1-2 - 60-70 - 10-14

5-8

The Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) study revealed that _____% of the sample of nearly 53,000 individuals 50 and older in 14 countries met the WHO criteria of Active and Healthy Aging. - 38 - 57 - 11 - 29

57

By 2060, estimates are that there will be ______________ centenarians in the U.S. population. - 19,000 - 604,000 - 72,000 - 37,300

604,000

As of 2018, ____% of women living with a spouse and who have children under 3 years of age are in the U.S. labor force. - 53 - 69 - 75 - 62

62

By the year 2028, approximately what percent of the population 65 to 74 will be in the U.S. civilian labor force? - 12.9 - 2.2 - 7.2 - 5.1

7.2

As of 2017, women earned approximately ____% of the earnings of men. - 82 - 77 - 86 - 91

82

Approximately ___% of older adults in a national survey of happiness reported feeling that others didn't need them. - 45 - 21 - 9 - 34

9

In a correlational design, the strength of the relationship between two variables is indicated by: - A verbal description of what was observe - The percent of the sample with high scores on both variables. - A mathematical score ranging from +1.0 to -1.0. - The value of the dependent variable.

A mathematical score ranging from +1.0 to -1.0.

A 22-year-old college graduate enters a Master's program in social work after having considered several possible majors, ranging from biology to classics. This graduate would be considered to fit into which identity status? - Moratorium - Achieved - Diffuse - Foreclosure

Achieved

Normal changes in the cardiovascular system with age in adulthood are reflected in a lowering of which measure? - Blood pressure - Left ventricular thickness - Aerobic capacity - Triglycerides

Aerobic capacity

The World Health Organization is advocating for which global age-related movement? - Age Friendly Environment - Communication Ecology - Set Point Perspective - Successful Cognitive Ageing

Age Friendly Environment

As shown in theoretical data on cognition and aging, interindividuality in development is illustrated by the fact that: - The same 54-year-old had high scores on number but low scores on free recall. - Age differences only appeared on tests involving speed. - All four individuals had low induction test scores. - People of the same ages receive very similar test scores.

Age differences only appeared on tests involving speed.

Around the world, the fourth most common form of blindness is: - Age-related macular degeneration. - Age-related presbycusis. - Cataract. - Glaucoma.

Age-related macular degeneration.

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are biological changes in the brain associated with which specific disease? - Pick's disease - Frontotemporal dementia - Normal pressure hydrocephalus - Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease

Questions developed by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in a self-test for older drivers include: - How old were you when you first got your license? - Do you drive for business or pleasure? - Does your car have all-wheel drive? - Are loved ones concerned?

Are loved ones concerned?

The trade name of which medication intended to treat some of the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease has, as its active ingredient, an anticholinesterase? - Memantine - Melatonin - Namenda - Aricept

Aricept

An outpatient medical office switches to a new system of scheduling appointments that involves using a smartphone app. The healthcare professionals who run the office decide to submit a research paper on the new system to a national conference for which they will use patient satisfaction date. To ensure that the study is conducted ethically, what step must the researchers follow? - Ask patients to provide their informed consent. - Give patients reduced rates for participating. - Advertise the study in a patient newsletter. - Require patients to use the app before taking phone calls.

Ask patients to provide their informed consent.

The investigators in a hospital-affiliated cognition and aging lab require that their assistants test older adults at certain times of day to lessen the impact on performance of age changes in circadian rhythm. What are the times of day that would preferentially benefit the older adult participants? - Late in the evening - Mid-afternoon - At or around noon - Early morning

Early morning

Countries in which region of the world showed the greatest increase in diabetes between 1980 and 2014? - Eastern Europe - Central America - Northern Europe - Southeast Asia

Eastern Europe

The highest prevalence of deaths from heart disease occur in which region of the world? - Eastern Europe - Africa - North America - Latin America

Eastern Europe

By the year 2050, which part of the world will experience a substantial decrease in the percent of the population 65 and older? - Africa - Asia - Latin America - Europe

Europe

Steps to improve an older adult's sleep habits should include which actual behaviors? - Exercising early in the day - Napping early in the afternoon - Avoiding a sedentary lifestyle - Relaxing before bed with an e-reader

Exercising early in the day

Which gene is the latest to be considered a possible influence on longevity? - GWAS - SNP - FOXO - AGE

FOXO

The statistic used to characterize a country's distribution of wealth is referred to as the - GINI coefficient. - SES level. - equality gap. - inequity factor.

GINI coefficient.

Genetic theories of aging are supported by the finding that the differing lifespans of different species, with one of the longest, at 184 years, being the: - Quahog clam - Galapagos turtle - Golden eagle - Indian elephant

Galapagos turtle

The fastest growing ethnic minority group in the U.S. of people 65 and older consists of: - Asian Americans - Blacks - Hispanics - Native Americans

Hispanics

Tertiary aging is the process that occurs at what point in life? - When people start to "feel" their age. - After the individual has achieved sexual maturity. - In a continuous fashion throughout adulthood. - In the rapid decline before death.

In the rapid decline before death.

The first use of the term "midlife crisis" can be traced to which psychoanalyst? - Jaques - Levinson - Freud - Sheehy

Jaques

Increased rates of flossing in contemporary adults is likely to be associated with which change in physical functioning? - Lower prevalence of tooth loss. - Reductions in photoaging. - Fewer wrinkles in the mouth are - Higher rates of gum disease.

Lower prevalence of tooth loss.

Somewhat surprisingly, the well-known writer ____________ is technically a "one-hit wonder" - Jane Austen - Margaret Mitchell - Agatha Christie - Emily Dickinson

Margaret Mitchell

Which of the following symptoms is more likely to characterize normal aging rather than Alzheimer's disease? - Missing a bill payment. - Misplacing things and not finding them - Trouble having a conversation - Losing track of the date or time of year

Missing a bill payment.

In the ____________ Design, researchers attempt to investigate which three factors related to development? - Prospective Follow-Up - Validity Evaluation - Quasi-Experimental Design - Most Efficient Design

Most Efficient Design

A 76-year-old woman living in an urban apartment decides to join a neighborhood co-op to create a green space in the city. This opportunity will allow her primarily to develop which of Gardner's multiple intelligences? - Intrapersonal - Naturalistic - Verbal-linguistic - Visual-spatial

Naturalistic

What information does the identification of white matter hyperintensities in the brains of older adults provide about the aging nervous system? - Knowledge about the effect of exercise on brain plasticity. - An understanding of the causes of age-related declines in brain tissue. - No specific connections to brain functioning have been demonstrate - Demonstration of age-related changes in the brain's electrical activity.

No specific connections to brain functioning have been demonstrate

If you wanted to find out about the prospects of a particular career in terms of salary and outlooks for hiring, which online resource could guide you? - O*NET - SSN - ADEA - SVII

O*NET

Based on AgeFeed, which of the following statements represents a stereotype about aging? - Older adults can learn new technologies - Aging does not necessarily make people wise - Older adults are warm and kin - Some older people need to refresh their driving skills

Older adults are warm and kin

Which of the following is one of the "10 facts you probably didn't know about aging?" - 70 is the new 50 - Health care costs are higher in people 70 years of age or older - A large portion of older adults require care - Older adults don't take jobs away from young adults

Older adults don't take jobs away from young adults

When children reach the age at which they enter adulthood, they and their parents experience a phenomenon known as: - Being in love can help reduce neuroticism. - role reciprocity. Which of the following is a myth vs. a fact about personality and aging? - Aging brings fewer social responsibilities allowing people to do more of what they want. - Pessimists report a higher quality of life because they're less likely to be disappointed. - People become nicer as they get older. - filial anxiety. - family blending.

Pessimists report a higher quality of life because they're less likely to be disappointed.

Geropsychologists recommend that clinicians make which of the following adjustments when conducting an assessment with an older adult? - Make them feel pressured to respond so that they will perform at their maximum. - Avoid making special exceptions for older clients which would bias the results. - Conduct testing in a single session so that treatment can move to the next phase. - Present materials in large print and avoid outside distractions such as noise.

Present materials in large print and avoid outside distractions such as noise.

Which of the following symptoms is more likely to characterize Alzheimer's disease than normal aging? - Losing things from time to time - Occasionally forgetting a word - Problems taking care of monthly bills - Making a bad decision once in a while

Problems taking care of monthly bills

The ethical requirement of debriefing means that researchers are required to take what step with their participants? - Reveal any problems that their scores revealed about them. - Provide them with general feedback about the nature of the study. - Ask them to sign a form at the beginning of the study. - Obtain their permission before publishing the study's results.

Provide them with general feedback about the nature of the study.

As pointed out in AgeFeed, which of the following is an example of using mnemonics? - Asking other people to job your memory when it fails - Simply rehearsing information you wish to remember - Visualizing an image over and over in your mind - Rhyming a person's name with something about the person

Rhyming a person's name with something about the person

The Verbal Comprehension Index on the WAIS-IV includes which test? - Symbol search - Similarities - Coding - Matrix reasoning

Similarities

As stated in AgeFeed, the _______________ Study of the Gifted and Talented was started almost 100 years ago and is still running. - Baltes - Berkely - Florida - Terman

Terman

In a study comparing adults from ages 25 through 85 on a test of vocabulary, researchers observe a positive correlation between age and vocabulary test scores. What can the researchers conclude from this finding? - The older the adult, the better the vocabulary scores. - Age caused better vocabulary scores. - People with better vocabulary scores were healthier. - The younger the adult, the better the vocabulary scores.

The older the adult, the better the vocabulary scores.

Using the scores from an adult sample ranging from 20 to 71, a researcher reported that there was a correlation of +.63 between a measure of "Meaning in Life" and another of "Self-Acceptance." What can the researcher conclude about the relationship between these two sets of scores? - The two variables are related but one did not cause the other. - Higher self-acceptance caused higher meaning in life. - Lower self-acceptance is related to higher meaning in life. - Higher meaning in life caused higher sense of self-acceptance.

The two variables are related but one did not cause the other.

A pharmaceutical company conducted an experimental study to investigate the effectiveness of a new medication to treat Alzheimer's Disease. The people in the group receiving the strongest dose of the drug also had the lowest genetic vulnerability for the disease. Based on this information, which is a reasonable criticism of this study? - Genetic vulnerability was not relevant to the study. - Family members were not consulted about the study. - Participants did not provide informed consent. - There was no random assignment of participants to groups.

There was no random assignment of participants to groups.

A frequently-used neuropsychological test to evaluate executive functioning, the ____________ involves having the individual connect letters and numbers in sequence. - Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Primary Mental Abilities Test - Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test - Trail-Making Test

Trail-Making Test

In Health and Retirement Study, researchers used logistic regression to analyze data from a large sample of older adults as they were about to retire. Such a method would permit them to answer which research question: - Are blue collar workers more satisfied with their jobs? - Is a relationship between age and income? - Who is most likely to choose early retirement? - Do men and women feel the same about retirement?

Who is most likely to choose early retirement?

Which of the following would be considered a normative history-graded influence on development? - having a motor vehicle accident due to another driver's carelessness - the timetable of what life changes people are expected to make at given ages - becoming a grandparent at an earlier-than expected age - a building of international tensions associated with uprisings in a particular country

a building of international tensions associated with uprisings in a particular country

The definition of marriage includes the provision of: - a union between partners sanctioned by law. - agreement to live with the partner. - change of name by the wife. - extent of love between partners.

a union between partners sanctioned by law.

A woman believes that even a slight memory slip means she is inevitably going "downhill" mentally. This belief suggests that she is high in which identity process? - assimilation - accommodation - reminiscence - controllability

accommodation

Although you never like classical music before, after going to a concert in the park, you realize that you actually like it. This example illustrates which process in Piaget's theory? - adjustment - affirmation - accommodation - assimilation

accommodation

A retail sales manager is in the middle of a difficult day due to several employees not showing up for work and pressure from corporate headquarters to conduct a last-minute inventory. The following day, after a good night's sleep, the manager is ready to tackle whatever happens at work. According to research on moods and vocational satisfaction, the manager has experienced: - motivational crowding out. - affect spin. - emotional labor. - person-environment congruence.

affect spin.

In a study comparing Dutch and U.S. older adults in identity processes, Americans were more likely to use identity assimilation in relation to which aspect of their sense of self? - intelligence - age - attractiveness - life structure

age

Research calculating the relationship between age and creative output is limited because it does not control for: - ratings of quality. - age of death. - country of origin. - area of expertise.

age of death.

The phenomenon in families known as "doing gender" describes what happens when parents: - have children all of one sex. - behave according to traditional gender roles. - divide children's chores according to sex. - decide they would prefer children who are female rather than male.

behave according to traditional gender roles.

A former software engineer retires from a job at a high-tech firm and soon after, takes a position as a substitute high school math teacher. The engineer is showing which late-life work pattern? - bridge employment - anticipatory retirement - crisp retirement - protean career

bridge employment

People higher in conscientiousness may experience health benefits due to lower levels of which stress-related hormone? - insulin - thyroxine - cortisol - prolactin

cortisol

Researchers are concerned that hormone therapy for women during and after the menopause might increase the risk of: - lowering bone mineral content. - sexually transmitted diseases. - cancer and deep vein thrombosis. - memory declines.

cancer and deep vein thrombosis.

Older adults may take melatonin to offset age-related changes in which aspect of physical functioning? - changes in sleep-wake cycles. - basal metabolic rate. - loss in ability to manage stress. - efficiency of the immune system.

changes in sleep-wake cycles.

Based on Bonnanno's research, a minority of widows show which pattern of mental health outcomes following the death of their spouse? - resilient - adaptive - reconciled - chronic grief

chronic grief

In a study of scientists originally investigated in college, the quality of ____________ was shown to predict the number of notable publications late in life. - self-discipline - cognitive flexibility - physical strength - personal relationships

cognitive flexibility

In addition to age, a cohort-sequential study manipulates: - time of testing - cohort - time of measurement - condition

cohort

What is the term for the cardiovascular disease in which the heart does not pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body's organs, causing buildup of fluid in the tissues? - congestive heart failure - transient ischemic attack - ischemic heart disease - cerebrovascular accident

congestive heart failure

The artist Pablo Picasso produced great works of art until just before his death at the age of 91, suggesting that he was high in: - creative potential - career age - social support - subjective well-being

creative potential

Training older individuals to use ______________ to encode information can help improve performance on episodic memory tasks. - rote memory - deep processing - serial processing - passive repetition

deep processing

Research on the neuroscience of creativity in older adults suggests that the _____________ is involved in supporting creative thought. - temporal lobe - default brain network - left hemisphere - hippocampus

default brain network

The part of the brain responsible for "thinking" about internally-generated stimuli, such as when you're daydreaming, is known as the: - limbic system - default network - retrieval circuit - frontal cortex

default network

People with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in later life tend to experience which additional psychological attribute? - disinterest in work - depression - adaptability to change - high conscientiousness

depression

Changes with age in the _______ layer of the skin are associated with age-related alterations in collagen, a protein also found in connective tissue throughout the body. - elastin - dermis - subcutaneous - epidermis

dermis

The telomere theory proposes that the cause of aging is due to: - destruction of the ends of chromosomes - lack of cellular respiration - accumulation of toxins in the cell nucleus - release of free radicals

destruction of the ends of chromosomes

The understanding of social context as a factor influencing how people change over time is consistent with the field of: - developmental science - cognitive psychology - developmental history - ecological psychology

developmental science

You notice that some of your older relatives seem to enjoy debating just for the sake of debating, not because they actually disagree. This type of thinking applies most closely to which concept based, in part, on Piaget's theory? - dialectical - fluid intelligence - logical thought - formal operations

dialectical

A theme of the midlife crisis, according to Levinson, is a man's sense of: - disillusionment - excitement - hopefulness - conscientiousness

disillusionment

A theme of the midlife crisis, according to Levinson, is a man's sense of: - excitement - conscientiousness - hopefulness - disillusionment

disillusionment

In the U.S., the majority of suicides among men in later life involve which means of death? - opioids - firearms - hanging - prescription drugs

firearms

The personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness were reported, in a large study across 10 cohorts, to be related to which aspect of cognition? - working memory - problem solving - verbal fluency - wisdom

verbal fluency

The ___________ effect refers to the fact that people whose spouses die are more likely to die after losing their spouse. - disillusionment - similarity - widowhood - equity

widowhood