Psychology Quizzes 14 and 15

Why do so many people believe there is a link between autism and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine?

A prestigious medical journal published a paper, which was later retracted, that identified a link.

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

Borderline personality disorder

Noomi seems to live by the "don't sweat the small stuff" concept. She is relaxed, laid-back, and never seems too concerned about meeting deadlines or finishing a to-do list. Noomi has a ________ personality.

Type B

A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a ________.

demanding or threatening event or situation

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces?

coping

A panic disorder is a type of ________disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.

Anxiety

The belief that you ________ is an example of a delusion.

Can perform miracles

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

Chronic

Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________.

Daily Hassle

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

________ is a state of intense engagement in an activity; it is usually experienced while participating in creative work and leisure endeavors.

Flow

Which of the following is a reason that depression is associated with heart disease?

Heart disease is a side effect of prescription drugs that are used to treat depression.

What do studies show about the relationship between stress and memory?

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

Obsessive-compulsive

________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.

Paranoid

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of histrionic personality disorder?

Phoebe feels uncomfortable when she is not the center of attention, and she has alienated friends by demanding excessive amounts of their attention.

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of paranoid personality disorder?

Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him and mistrusts them for no identifiable reason.

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

Seasonal pattern

________ is a subtype of depression in which a person experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder only during a particular time of year.

Seasonal pattern

A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________.

Stressor

Which of the following statements about the male and female experience of stress is true?

Women report experiencing more stress than men.

Marcy is in a car accident. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

acute

A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ________.

anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which of the following is an example of a stressor?

being in car accident

The concept of perceived control refers to ________.

beliefs about the capacity to influence and shape outcomes in our lives

________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a person's involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes.

biofeedback

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

cognitive

Identify the obsession in the following sentence. "Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands."

concern over germs

A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

________ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.

eustress

Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.

meditation

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?

orbitofrontal cortex

Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.

positive outlook and positive expectations

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder.

psychotic

Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?

schizophrenia

Researchers who studied people injured in the 9/11 attacks found that the injured later suffered from ________. These results demonstrate how stress is linked to the development and progression of a variety of physical illnesses and diseases.

significantly elevated rates of heart disease

Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and financial help are all examples of ________.

social support

Which of the following is an example of eustress?

training for a marathon

Due to Dominique' s obsessive-compulsive disorder, she may ________.

wash her hands every ten minutes throughout the day

Which of the following is a negative effect of extended cortisol release caused by chronic or prolonged stress?

The immune system is weakened

People who reach the ________ level of stress feel burned out; they are fatigued, exhausted, and their performance begins to decline.

Distress

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

Mania

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan's personality?

Narcissistic personality disorder

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________.

Phobia

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

Physiological