Psychology- Test 5

Narcolepsy

- You can fell asleep almost anywhere without warning. You all of certain fell asleep.

Sleep Apnea

- You wake up many times without realizing it. Breathing irregularly from time to time - can be caused by overweight

REM behavior disorder

- is incomplete or absent, allowing the person to "act out" his or her dreams. - may hit and/or cause harm to another

Fraud Theory

-Dreams are disguised or safe means of wish fulfillment, a way to express urges in a safe context, a way for the subconscious to express itself. -Express your wish fulfillment, anxiety, fear. I lot about what your life.

Activation- synthesis theory

-During REM sleep the brain is activated. -Dreams occur as a result. -The cortex of the brain tries to synthesize or organize the random images into a meaningful whole.

Insomnia

-inability to sleep -lack of sleep can lead to mental illness -is connected to depression

Purpose of REM sleep

-seems to be a time for developing, expanding, and checking the expansion of the brain's nerve connections. -restorative part of our sleep cycle -dreams occur mostly in REM sleep -too little or much REM will be tired or sluggish the next day

Ch 4 Illusory Thinking

1. Our preconceptions control our interpretations and memories Ex: false belief about risk-takers and cautious people being a good firefighter or not 2. We overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs Ex: Overconfident in an answer that you think is right but isn't 3. Anecdotes are more persuasive Ex: the lottery, believe more graphic stories than true facts 4. Illusions of correlation, causation, and personal control Ex: health practice and longevity 5. Self-Fulfilling Prophecy Ex: men phone conversation with attractive women are nicer and likeable than unattractive women

Six reasons for believing in ESP

1. Parapsychology defenders and critics agree 2. Spontaneous psychic experience also fails to pass scrutiny 3. Among professional psychics is a long history of fraud 4. The fact that most people believe in ESP and even believe that they have personally experienced it, is now understandable 5. The accumulating evidence that the mind is dependent on the brain works against the presumption that mind can function separate the brain 6. The Bible counsels us to be skeptical of those who claim godlike abilities

Characteristic of Hypnotism

1. Reduced playfulness - you are capable of action, but you don't take action unless directed. 2. Redistributed attention - focus on only the hypnotist's voice and commands. 3. Fantasies are more easily imagined - can more easily relive a memory or create a fantasy world. 4. Roleplaying is easier - pretend you are someone else more easily. You live out that person's role easily and realistically. 5. Reduced reality testing - suggestions are not questioned. You accept the statements of the hypnotist without questioning their validity.

Theories of Hypnotism

1. Role Play- We accept the role of a hypnotized person. We do what we are expected to do and told to do. 2. State Theory- Hypnosis produces a different state of consciousness. -feel no pain when they should be -hold the body rigid under pressure -lift heavier things than normal 3. Dissociation Theory- We dissociate our mental control from ourselves and give control to the hypnotist. Some voluntary and involuntary body movements can become switched.

True or False: Circadian rhythms are dances done by cicadas.

False

True or False: If you get only 3 hours sleep one night, you should sleep 11 hours the next night to make up the sleep.

False

True or False: Stage 1 sleep lasts about 1 hour

False

True or False: There are 14 different stages of sleep

False

True or False: Waking a sleepwalker is harmful to a person's health.

False

True or False: Each cycle of REM Sleep lasts about 10 minutes.

False; 10-20 min; roughly 5-6 cycle per night. It expands more through the time. 8hrs cycle to get 5 cycles in.

True or False: We spend 90% of our time in sleeping in stages 1-4 sleep.

False; 75%

True or False: Teens need the least amount of sleep.

False; 9-10 hrs sleep is needed

True or False: Freud saw no connection between dreams and real life.

False; Express your wish fulfillment, anxiety, fear. I lot about what your life.

True or False: At stage 1 sleep your eyes roll and you have long drawn out dreams.

False; Eyes are pretty still, stage I not sleeping, dreams probably short

True or False: REM sleep is the first cycle of sleep we enter when we start falling asleep.

False; It is the last one

True or False: The content of most dreams are negative involving anxiety, fear, sadness...

False; Most of our dreams are boring and neutral.

True or False: Your body temp rises and pulse increases as you sleep.

False; Our body actually decreases by half of a degree

True or False: We remember most of the dreams that we have.

False; We only remember crazy wild dream. Even that it doesn't stay long

True or False: People who suffer from narcolepsy have trouble falling asleep.

False; You can fell asleep almost anywhere without warning. You all of certain fell asleep.

True or False: Sleep apnea is the inability to take a nap during the day.

False; You wake up many times without realizing it. Breathing irregularly from time to time

True or False: When deprived of sleep one night, we should try to make up for it the next night.

False; Your body will work on it to make up the difference. It's amount of REM sleep. Too much REM sleep is not good. Get your normal amount of sleep.

True or False: REM sleep occurs during stage 4 sleep.

False; after stage 4

True or False: We all need the same amount of sleep per night... 8 hours.

False; baby needs 14 hr, elderly depends on how active.

True or False: Dreams get shorter in length as the night proceeds.

False; dreams get longer

True or False: Most sleepwalking and bedwetting takes place at stage 2 sleep.

False; happens at stage 4

True or False: If you were woken out of stage 1 sleep, you would say you were fast asleep.

False; light level sleep

True or False: Older people need more sleep than younger people.

False; older people get less

True or False: You are very aware of having sleep apnea, but can't fix it.

False; you are unaware

Cycles of Sleep

Stage 1: 10 mins (daydreaming; roughly knows what happens) Stage 2: 30 mins (eyes roll from side to side) Stage 3: 10 mins Stage 4: 20 mins (deepest sleep) REM: 10-20 mins (most active sleep)

True or False: A normal cycle of sleep lasts about 90 minutes.

True

True or False: Adults spend about 25% of their time sleeping in REM sleep.

True

True or False: At stage 4 sleep you cannot be woken up easily.

True

True or False: Everyone dreams as some point.

True

True or False: Most dreams are boring and dull with very commonplace, daily themes

True

True or False: Of all the stages, stage 4 sleep is the deepest sleep.

True

True or False: Sleep apnea can be caused by being quite overweight.

True

True or False: Some people actually stop breathing for a short amount of time while sleeping if they have sleep apnea.

True

True or False: Stage 2 sleep lasts roughly 30 minutes

True

True or False: Stages 1-4 sleep are referred to as NREM.

True

True or False: The eyes roll from side to side in stage 2 sleep.

True

True or False: The length of REM sleep increases as the night goes on.

True

True or False: The most vivid and memorable dreams usually happen later in sleep.

True

True or False: We enter stage 4 sleep about 5-6 times per night.

True

True or False: We go through about 4-6 cycles of stages 1-4 and REM per night.

True

True or False: You suffer from jetlag more flying east than flying west.

True

True or False: When deprived of REM sleep one night our brains make up for it the next night.

True;

True or False: Stage I sleep in the lightest level of sleep.

True; (brain just begins to wonder)

True or False: People who talk in their sleep usually do so at stage 1 sleep.

True; (lighter levels: stage 1,2, REM)

True or False: Circadian rhythms determine your sleeping habits.

True; A pattern that is set 5 days a week it's pretty set the same thing. A natural pattern.

True or False: Dreams can help inspire creativity.

True; Directors, artists, composers, etc.

True or False: Dreaming mostly occurs during REM sleep.

True; Dreaming is really good for you. REM good for mental health

True or False: The brain is active during sleep.

True; It is busy at times and slow at other times

True or False: Insomnia is connected to depression.

True; It is directed connected. You have to not nap in the afternoon. What do you need to do to get sleep?

True or False: An EEG (Electroencephalagraph) measures electrical activity of the brain.

True; It measures the electric activity in that portion of the brain. Measures the ups and downs of sleep

True or False: Insomnia seems to play a role in some mental illnesses.

True; Lack of sleep can lead to mental illnesses. It makes it worse.

True or False: Most dreams proceed according to normal time, not super-fast or super slow.

True; Short small dreams and the brain puts all them together so it seems to be longer. Only less for 15 seconds.

True or False: Blind people dream.

True; They dream as if they are blind

True or False: Dogs and cats dream.

True; They have stages of sleep

True or False: Today, some researchers feel that brain stimulation triggers dreams. Therefore, dreams have no connection to real life events.

True; They send light electric pulse to your brain to stimulate to dream. I can cause you dream so nothing to do with real life. But, other theory it is related to real life

True or False: In REM behavior disorder, one may actually hit and/or cause harm his or her spouse while sleeping

True; You are dreaming in a fight, your body gets loose. Take your dream and act on it

True or False: You cannot control the content of your dreams.

True; You can't control the dreams even though it seems but waking up at that time

True or False: Night terrors are bad dreams that only kids suffer from.

True; around 8-12 years old and some adults

True or False: An alpha wave is a sign that the brain is relaxing

True; beta means it's more active

True or False: D sleep refers to dreaming while sleeping

True; dreaming, later stages

True or False: Active sleep refers to REM sleep.

True; most active in REM

True or False: REM stands for Rapid Eye Movement

True; stage 2 it starts to roll back and front and at REM more rapidly short back and front

True or False: During REM sleep your brain waves are as fully active as when you were awake.

True; stage 4 is quieter

True or False: S Sleep refers to Non REM sleep, minimal dreaming

True; when you are sleeping, early

Problem-solving

We review the day's events and evaluate problems that we are dealing with, or that will be present the next day.

paranormal

is outside the range of ordinary experience and is not scientifically explained Ex: ghosts or UFOs

supernatural

to that is outside the physical world Ex: magic