Pulmonary Function

Define lung capacity, and give a specific example.

Lung capacity - the sum of two or more lung volumes. Ex. total lung capacity, vital capacity, functional residual capacity, and inspiratory capacity.

T/F The maximum amount of gas that can be inspired after a normal tidal expiration is the inspiratory capacity.

True

T/F Vital capacity is reduced in pulmonary restrictive disorders.

True

The volume of air that can be forcefully expelled from the lungs following a normal exhalation is called the __________.

expiratory reserve volume

The volume of air that can be forcefully inhaled on top of a normal inspiration is called the __________.

inspiratory reserve volume

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after a forced expiration is called the __________.

residual volume

A __________ is an instrument that measures the volume of air moved with each breath.

spirometer

The volume of air moved in a single respiration is called the __________.

tidal volume

A typical residual volume (in milliliters) for a healthy, 70 kg male is __________.

1200 mL

List and describe the lung volumes.

- Residual volume (quantity of air that cannot be expelled) - expiratory reserve volume (quantity of air that is expelled only with forced expiration) - tidal volume (quantity of air that is inhaled and exhaled under a specific condition, usually normal resting breathing) - inspiratory reserve volume (quantity of air that can be inhaled with a forceful inspiration)

In the lungs, an example of the body's reserve capacity is that A) capillary beds in the lungs are reversibly collapsible, allowing blood to be shunted to additional areas during exercise. B) pulmonary blood flow is completely under the control of the autonomic nervous system, dilating arteries and arterioles to adjust blood flow. C) some areas of the lung can be closed off during rest and opened again when needed during exercise. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above are true.

A) capillary beds in the lungs are reversibly collapsible, allowing blood to be shunted to additional areas during exercise.

Match the lung volume with its description. A. tidal volume B. inspiratory reserve volume C. expiratory reserve volume D. residual volume the amount of air taken in during a single normal inspiration

A. tidal volume

Match the lung capacity with its description. A. total lung capacity B. inspiratory capacity C. vital capacity D. functional residual capacity the sum of all the lung volumes

A. total lung capacity

The volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration is the A) vital capacity. B) residual volume. C) tidal volume. D) inspiratory reserve volume.

B) residual volume.

Match the lung capacity with its description. A. total lung capacity B. inspiratory capacity C. vital capacity D. functional residual capacity the amount of air inhaled during an active (forced) inspiration

B. inspiratory capacity

Match the lung volume with its description. A. tidal volume B. inspiratory reserve volume C. expiratory reserve volume D. residual volume the additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration

B. inspiratory reserve volume

The total amount of gas in the lungs after a maximum inspiration is the A) vital capacity. B) functional residual capacity. C) total lung capacity. D) tidal volume.

C) total lung capacity.

Match the lung volume with its description. A. tidal volume B. inspiratory reserve volume C. expiratory reserve volume D. residual volume the extra amount actively (forcibly) exhaled after a normal exhalation

C. expiratory reserve volume

Match the lung capacity with its description. A. total lung capacity B. inspiratory capacity C. vital capacity D. functional residual capacity the total amount of air that can be exchanged at will

C. vital capacity

The volume of gas inspired or expired in a quiet respiration cycle is the A) vital capacity. B) residual volume. C) inspiratory reserve volume. D) tidal volume.

D) tidal volume.

If a student inhales as deeply as possible and then blows the air out until he cannot exhale any more, the amount of air that he expelled is his A) tidal volume. B) minimal volume. C) inspiratory reserve volume. D) vital capacity. E) expiratory reserve volume.

D) vital capacity.

Match the lung capacity with its description. A. total lung capacity B. inspiratory capacity C. vital capacity D. functional residual capacity the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breath

D. functional residual capacity

Match the lung volume with its description. A. tidal volume B. inspiratory reserve volume C. expiratory reserve volume D. residual volume the minimum amount of air always present in the respiratory system, after blowing out all you can

D. residual volume