pysch chapter 1

_______ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

humanism

why do scientists refer to Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution as the theory of evolution

it is the best understanding that we have of that part of the natural world

behaviorists study

learned behavior

what is the number one occupation employing graduates with a BA in psychology

mid- and top - level management

I provide Ralph with the positive reinforcement of a candy bar when he does something I like. I punish him by squirting him with a squirt gun when he does something I don't like. I am applying the principles of ________ in an attempt to modify Ralph's behavior.

operant conditioning

For a scientific explanation to be testable, it must also be ________.

perceivable and measurable

Select the correctly ordered list of psychological theorists, with the earliest theorist listed first.

structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism

According to William James, the purpose of psychology was to ________.

study the function of behavior

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and _______

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

according to freud, all of the following represent ways to access the unconscious mind except through

the use of reinforcement and punishment

cognitive psychology focuses on studying

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client - centered therapy

abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this info without judgement.

in Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ______ include food, water and shelter.

basic survival needs

Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology.

developmental

psychoanalytic theory

focuses on a person's unconscious and early childhood experiences

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible.

her own conscious experience

a _______ is a chamber that isolates the subject from the external environment

skinner box