qp world chapter 24 :)

british raj

British political establishment in India; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India.

Name taken by the descendents of Dutch settlers in South Africa

Afrikaners

American president who engineered the forcible removal of various tribes from the eastern woodlands to reservations on the western prairies.

Andrew Jackson

robert clive

Architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of the Raj in northern India.

Which of the following is NOT true about the settlement of Australia?

Australia became a multicultural society, drawing settlers from all over the Pacific.

natal

British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost at Durban.

Colonial rule dramatically altered the environment in which of the following places?

Burma, due to rubber production. Ceylon, due to tea production. The Congo, due to rubber production. Sumatra, due to rubber production.

British adventurer who carved a personal empire out of South Africa.

Cecil Rhodes

Scientist whose theory of evolution by natural selection was corrupted to justify western imperialism over the so-called inferior races of the world.

Charles Darwin

Princely States

Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of East India Company were stationed at the rulers courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian Empire

captain james cook

English navigator who claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain and discovered several Pacific islands (1728-1779).

Which of the following was NOT an economic motivation for imperialism?

European and American industry needed more sources of coal.

Anglo-Boer War

Fought between 1899 and 1902 over the continued independence of Boer republics; resulted in British victory, but began the process of decolonization for whites in South Africa

Which of the following would NOT be typical of labor migration patterns in the age of empire?

German migrants to plantations in the Congo.

sepoys

Indian troops who served in the British army

Mataram

Kingdom that controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia; weakness of kingdom after 1670's allowed Dutch to exert control over all of Java

Name given to the aboriginal people of New Zealand.

Maori

British poet, author, and apologist for imperialism, which he regarded as the "white man's burden."

Ram Mohan Ray

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790s; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption.

Educated Indian reformer whose ideas of Indian nationalism led to the creation of the Indian National Congress,

Rudyard Kipling

Indian soldiers in service of the East India Company and later of the British government.

Sepoy

tropical dependencies

The greater portion of the European empires consisting of Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific where small numbers of Europeans ruled large populations of non-Western peoples

American president who oversaw the construction of the Panama Canal and secured U.S. rights to the Canal Zone.

Theodore Roosevelt

Presidencies

Three districts that made up the bulk of the directly ruled British territories in India; capitals at Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay.

ram mohun roy

Western-educated Indian leader, early 19th century; cooperated with British to outlaw sati

By 1800, the Dutch Afrikaners in South Africa had established

a settler colony based on slavery and white supremacy

Under British imperial rule, India was governed

directly, with British bureaucrats and officers overseeing Indian civil servants and soldiers

Pressure for reform in British India came from

educated Indians seeking self-rule.

Unlike the British in India, the French in Indochina

encouraged conversion to Christianity

19th century empires differed from earlier empires because

modern empires were able to thoroughly dominate the economies of their colonies

Japanese imperial expansion in the late 19 century was PRIMARILY motivated by

resentment at the unequal treaties forced on them by the United States.

The scramble for Pacific island colonies in the late 19 century was motivated by

the desire for strategic ports and refueling stations in the Pacific Ocean.

The "white man's burden" proposed by Rudyard Kipling refers to

the moral duty of the west to work to "civilize" the rest of the world.

In the early 20 century the United th States frequently sent troops into Central America

to protect American business interests there

British rule undermined the Indian cotton industry by

undercutting the cost of Indian cloth with cheap British textiles.

plassey

Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Sirud-daula ruler of Bengal; British victory resulted in control of northern India

Belgian monarch who claimed the Congo as his personal domain and impressed the Congolese people to work on his plantations.

Leopold II

Ruler of Britain for most of the 19 century and 1 empress of th st India.

Victoria I

The Battle of Omdurman clearly demonstrated that

European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army.

American president who informed the states of Europe that no further colonization of the New World would be tolerated by the U.S. government

James Monroe

Nabobs

Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through graft and exploitation.

Why had most European governments abandoned concessionary companies in Africa by the early 20 century?

The brutal use of forced African labor by companies provoked a public outcry in Europe.

One social goal of the British authorities in India was to

abolish the custom of burning widows with their husbands' bodies.

The United States acquired Hawaii by

annexing the islands after American planters had overthrown the monarchy

The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for

brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II.

Proponents of "scientific racism" argued that

race could be biologically defined and characterized; western dominance was justified on the basis on racial superiority; the theories of Charles Darwin supported world dominance by the "fittest" races; people of European decent were morally superior to other races.

The Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 established

that, if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony.

One striking difference between the British and the French imperial models in Africa is that

the British preferred to use local institutions to control subject populations.

All of the following improved communication between India and Britain EXCEPT

the completion of the Panama Canal.

The Mughal dynasty fell primarily because

the state had been weakened by conflicts during the reign of Aurangzeb; the East India Company established powerful, coastal trading forts; British merchants gained access to interior territories; the sepoy rebellion failed to drive the British out of India.