Quick Digestion

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum undergoes the process of involution to form which of the following? Cumulus oophorus Corona radiata Corpus albicans Corpus callosum

Corpus albicans

An increased GFR results in a(n) ______ urine volume and ______ blood volume. increased, increased decreased, decreased increased, decreased decreased, increased

increased, decreased

Which hormone modulates FSH secretion and sperm production? 1)Inhibin 2)Relaxin 3)Estrogen 4)Dihydrotestosterone

inhibin

What is secretin and what does it do?

-Stimulates bicarbonate release -a hormone released into the bloodstream by the duodenum (especially in response to acidity) to stimulate secretion by the liver and pancreas.

Chylomicrons

-Transport fats in the lymph a droplet of fat present in the blood or lymph after absorption from the small intestine.

Glucose is cotransported with sodium by the sodium-glucose transporter and returned into the blood by which process? 1)Simple diffusion 2)Active transport 3)Bulk transport 4)Facilitated diffusion

Active Transport

Passive ventricular filing

AV valves open, SL valves closed

A client asks the nurse what may have caused elevation in urinary protein levels (proteinuria) on a urine test. The best response by the nurse would be: 1)Urinary tract infection 2)Decrease in antidiuretic hormone 3) Abnormal glomerular filtration 4)Poor fluid intake

Abnormal glomerular filtration

Pepsinogen (inactive enzyme)

Activated to pepsin by HCl and by pepsin itself (a positive feedback mechanism)

Extrinsic pathway

Activates tissue factor

Enteropepidase

Activates trypsingen

Increased levels of testosterone: 1)Does not affect secondary characteristics in women 2)Inhibits the action of inhibin hormone 3)Affect the release of both GnRH and LH 4)Provides positive feedback to anterior pituitary 5)Decreases the activity of the muscle cells

Affect the release of both GnRH and LH

What is a protease? An enzyme that synthesizes proteins An enzyme that synthesizes amino acids An enzyme that digests amino acids An enzyme that digests protein

An enzyme that digests protein

In the male, where is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted? 1)Anterior pituitary gland 2)Posterior pituitary gland 3)Testes 4)Hypothalamus

Anterior pituitary gland

ejection

Av valves closed, SL valves open

Prothrombinase

Blood clotting factor that converts prothrombin to thrombin

What function does estrogen have regarding general body metabolic effects? 1)Decreases thyroid globulin 2)Decreases high density proteins 3)Decreases rate of bone resorption 4)Decreases production of binding globulins

Decreases rate of bone resorption

Plasmin

Dissolves a clot

What is CCK (cholecystokinin)?

Ejection of bile and enzyme

What is bile used for?

Emulsifies Fat -Aids in digestion by breaking down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract

Pepsin

Enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach

The nurse is caring for a client with a condition of deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). When assessing the client, which finding does the nurse anticipate? 1)Excessive urine output 2)Retention of sodium 3)Low blood pressure 4)Retention of chloride

Excessive urine output

Within the renal corpuscle, the colloid osmotic pressure (COP) is a pressure drawing fluid into what? Peritubular capillaries Glomerular capillaries Renal capsule Renal tubule

Glomerular Capillaries

What is the amount of filtrate formed per minute by the two kidneys called? 1)Renal clearance 2)Secretion rate 3)Glomerular filtration rate 4)Minute urine volume

Glomerular filtration rate

The kidneys help regulate acid-base balance through the tubular secretion of which molecules? 1)Sodium and chloride ions 2)Glucose and amino acids 3)Hydrogen and bicarbonate ions 4)Sodium and potassium ions

Hydrogen and bicarbonate ions

Which result from activation of the renin-angiotensin system? 1)Increased release of ADH 2)Increased secretion of cortisol 3)Vasodilation of afferent arteriole 4)Increased secretion of aldosterone 5)Stimulated thirst

Increased secretion of aldosterone Stimulated thirst Increased release of ADH

HCl

Kill microbes activates pepsinogen

The major sites where aldosterone exerts its action on sodium reabsorption and potassium regulation occur in which tubule location? 1 Thin ascending tubule and the thick descending tubule 2. Juxtamedullary area and the elbow-diluting segment of distal tubule 3. Late distal and collecting tubule 4. Proximal tubule and a thin descending segment of tubule

Late distal and collecting tubule

Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is false? 1. Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop 2. Progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle 3. In the absence of fertilization, progesterone levels decline due to atresia of the corpus luteum 4. Estrogen levels rise before ovulation, while progesterone levels rise after 5. Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak.

Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak.

The nurse providing teaching about the female reproductive system includes which principle? 1)Ovaries are responsible for ovulation and hormone production. 2)Ovaries physically disintegrate after the childbearing years. 3)Ovaries regenerate to form new ovaries each month. 4)Fertilization of ova takes place in the ovaries.

Ovaries are responsible for ovulation and hormone production.

Isovolumetric relaxation

Pressure in aorta is higher than in left ventricle, aortic valve closed.

Identify the hormones secreted by the corpus luteum. Choose three answers from the list below. 1)Progesterone 2)Luteinizing hormone 3)Follicle stimulating hormone 4)Inhibin 5)Estradiol

Progesterone, Inhibin, Estradiol

The nurse would be most concerned when the glomerular filtrate contains: 1)Potassium 2)Protein 3)Sodium 4)Water

Protein

A nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the kidney. Which would be the most appropriate information for the nurse to provide? Select all that apply. Regulates blood pressure through the renin-aldosterone mechanism Regulates osmolality of intracellular fluid Eliminates metabolic wastes Regulates calcium and phosphorus conservation and elimination Maintains homeostasis of red blood cells by production of estrogen Regulates pH of body fluids through reabsorption and conservation

Regulates blood pressure through the renin-aldosterone mechanism Eliminates metabolic wastes Regulates calcium and phosphorus conservation and elimination Eliminates metabolic wastes Regulates calcium and phosphorus conservation and elimination

Atrial systole

Remaining 20% blood pushed into the ventricles

The osmotic and electrical gradients that drive the reabsorption of water and solutes is created by reabsorption of the solute ______. 1)insulin 2)glucose 3)sodium 4)iron

Sodium

Fibrin

Sticky threads that form a clot

The nurse is caring for a client who has produced an average of 20 mL/hour for the previous day. The nurse recognizes this compares in which way to the normal urine output? 1)The normal kidney produces an average 3000 mL of urine daily. 2)This represents normal urinary output for 24 hours. 3)The kidneys should produce about 1.5 L of urine each day. 4)The kidneys should produce a minimum of 10 mL/hr over one day.

The kidneys should produce about 1.5 L of urine each day.

Embolus

Traveling-Clot

Procarboxypeptidase (inactive enzyme)

Trysin- Activator

isovolumetric contraction

Ventricular contraction all valves closed

The products of protein and carbohydrate catabolism are absorbed into the ______, while the products of lipid catabolism are absorbed into the ______.

blood, lymph

Trypsinogen (inactive enzyme)

enteropeptidase -Activator

In the late follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, the level of LH secretion is ________ the level of FSH secretion. 1)equal to 2)less than 3)greater than 4)not secreted

greater than

How does activation of the renin-angiotensin mechanism affect blood pressure? It has no effect on the BP. An increase in sodium, no effect on BP It increases the BP. It decreases the BP.

it increases BP

Thromboxane

platelet aggregation

Which of the following occurs during days 15-28 of the menstrual cycle? 1)secretory phase 2)menstruation 3)proliferative phase 4)ovulation

secretory phase

What is homeostasis?

the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in an ever-changing outside world