Quiz 1: An Observational Science

The two "fathers" of modern geology lived during the _____.

17-1800

Clastic limestones often exhibit a combination of sorting, cross bedding, and/or sand grains which, therefore, imply deposition _____.

by fast currents

Limestone originates because of _____.

chemical precipitation

weathered feldspar

clay minerals

reduction in volume

compaction

James Hutton _____.

developed the concepts of erosion and deposition

Bed 3 must be older than Bed 1.

false

The fundamental sedimentary unit is the _____.

formation

fundamental rock unit

formation

turbidity current

graded bed

conglomerate rock

gravel

Orogeny is the cause of _____.

high mountains

rock made from shells and coral

limestone

rock making

lithification

Uniformitarian theory is an assumption which is _____.

not supported by geologic evidence

fossil making

petrifaction

The fossilizing process that replaces organic matter with silica or calcite is _____.

petrification

What do all of these sedimentary beds have in common?

rapid deposition

When an animal dies, it will usually decomposes______ or is destroyed by wildlife.

rapidly

2 mm to 0.0625 mm

sand

Beaches along the eastern and western coasts of North America are composed chiefly of quartz grains.

true

Epeirogeny is crustal uplift without deformation.

true

Most of the world's mountain ranges are composed of folded marine sediments.

true

Most sedimentary rocks found on continents were formed underwater.

true

Recrystallization involves the growing together of grains in contact with each other.

true

Shale is more likely than sand to preserve fossils.

true

The opposite of lithification is _____.

weathering