Quiz 2 ANS Meds
A female patient has been taking Aricept for several months. The family feels that she is better and wants to stop the medication. What would be an important teaching point?
This medication is a treatment, not a cure. If you stop it, she will lose any benefits that she has gained. (There is no cure for Alzheimers but drug therapy will decrease the progression of symptoms. This will be lost if the medication is discontinued.)
The predominant clinical effect in response to activation of beta 2 receptors is bronchodilation. True or False?
True (Beta 2 stimulation results in dilation of the bronchioles.)
What assessment should the nurse make before administering beta-adrenergic blocking agents?
Pulse and blood pressure (Adrenergic blocking agents will most affect BP ad pulse.)
The pharmacology instructor is discussing age-related susceptibility to adverse effects of cholinergic drugs. Which statement could the instructor make to accurately describe the influence of age?
"Physiologic changes resulting from the normal aging process place older adults at higher risk for adverse effects." (Aging places older adults at higher risk due to changes in cardiac and other organ systems.)
The anatomy and physiology instructor is discussing adrenergic receptors with the nursing class. What adrenergic receptor would the instructor tell the students is found in the heart and can stimulate increased myocardial activity and increase heart rate?
Beta-1 (Beta 1 receptors affect mostly cardiac function.)
A patient with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. The nurse understands that this drug is likely acting on which receptors?
Beta-2 (Beta 2 receptors work mainly in the lungs.)
The patient is receiving a cholinergic agonist. Which assessment finding in a patient warrants immediate action by the nurse?
Blood pressure decreased from 110/90 mm Hg to 80/50. Increased heart rate from 80 to 110. (A cholinergic agonist may cause the BP to decline resulting in a low reading and symptoms.)
The nursing instructor is discussing cholinergic drugs with his clinical group. What system would the instructor tell the students is stimulated by cholinergic drugs? Group of answer choices
Parasympathetic nervous system (Cholinergic drugs affect the parasympathetic system.)
The nursing student correctly identifies the transmitter in the cholinergic neuropathways that appears insufficient in clients with Alzheimer's disease is which?
acetylcholine (Inadequate amounts of acetylcholine appear to have a role in Alzheimer's disease.)
A patient has recently been prescribed a drug that treats hypertension by blocking the sympathetic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. This action is characteristic of which? Group of answer choices
an adrenergic antagonist. (An agent that blocks an action is an antagonist.)
Unwanted anticholinergic effects include: Group of answer choices
constipation and dry mouth (Common side effects of anticholinergic drugs include dry mouth and constipation.)
While preparing a patient for an eye examination, the nurse explains that the eye drops, an opthalmic anticholinergic preparation, will cause what pupil reaction?
dilation (Anticholinergic eye drops which block cholinergic stimulation result in dilation of the eye for examination.)
Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors would have which action?
increased heart rate (When Beta 1 receptors are stimulated, heart rate and force of contractility of the heart are both increased.)
The nursing instructor is explaining the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body functions. Which change in a patient's body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Decreased heart rate (Parasympathetic stimulation causes a decrease in BP and pulse rate.)
A patient who has overdosed on an anticholinergic medication would exhibit which of the following signs and symptoms?
Flushed face, tachycardia, and dry mucous membranes. (Anticholinergic overdose would result in inhibition of the parasympathetic system.)
A young woman who lives alone comes home at night to find a man in her apartment. What body responses would be expected for the young woman?
Increased BP, increased heart rate, and pupil dilation (The incident would result in a sympathetic response with increased BP and heart rate and pupil dilation.)
Stimulation of Alpha-1 receptors results in which of the following actions?
Increased blood pressure (When alpha-1 receptors are stimulated, blood vessels contract with result of increasing blood pressure.)
Adrenergic (sympathomimetic) drugs produce which effect?
Increased heart rate (Adrenergic drugs produce a sympathomimetic response in the body including increased heart rate.)
Norepinephrine is mainly:
an excitatory neurotransmitter that stimulates the brain to generalized increased activity. (Norepinephrine is an generalized excitatory neurotransmitter)
A nurse is caring for a patient who is having a sympathetic response. A sympathetic response involves:
an increase in blood pressure, bronchi dilation, and decreased bowel sounds. (Elevation in BP, bronchial dilation and slowing of bowel motility are all sympathetic responses.)