Quiz 21

A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?

Ammonia

When metronidazole [Flagyl] is a component of the H. pylori treatment regimen, the patient must be instructed to do what?

Avoid any alcoholic beverages.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide (an antacid) to treat heartburn. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse reactions?

Constipation

The nurse is caring for an older adult patient after a right hip open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). The patient is taking an opioid every 6 hours as needed for pain. The nurse discusses obtaining an order from the prescriber for which medication?

Docusate sodium [Colace]

After hiatal hernia repair surgery, a patient is on IV pantoprazole (Protonix). The patient asks the nurse why this medication is given since there is no history of ulcers. What response by the nurse is best?

It prevents stress-related ulcers."

A patient with a history of chronic alcohol abuse has been admitted to the unit with cirrhosis. Upon review of the patient's laboratory test results, the nurse notes that the patient's ammonia level is elevated at 218 mcg/dL. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer?

Lactulose

The nurse caring for patients with gastrointestinal disorders would understand that which category best describes the mechanism of action of sucralfate (Carafate)?

Mucosal barrier fortifier

A patient has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The provider prescribes a proton pump inhibitor. About what medication would the nurse anticipate teaching the patient?

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

A nurse is taking a health history of a client who reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter medications, including an H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA). Which of the following outcomes indicates the H2RA is therapeutic?

Relief of heartburn

A nurse is caring for a client who has nausea and a prescription for metoclopramide (a prokinetic) intermittent IV bolus every 4 hr as needed. The client asks the nurse how metoclopramide will relieve her nausea. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide?

The medication relieves nausea by promoting gastric emptying."