Quiz 5-8

Which of the following states has the lowest earthquake risk? Florida California South Carolina Nevada

Florida

Tsunami is a Japanese word that means __________ waves. dragon killer harbor tubular

harbor

The Great Basin region between the eastern Sierra Nevada in California and the Wasatch Mountains in Utah ______________________ in response to plate-tectonic forces. has expanded in an east-west direction has compressed in an east-west direction is a subduction zone has expanded in a north-south direction

has expanded in an east-west direction

Most Icelandic eruptions are __________. super eruptions peaceful fissure eruptions explosive Plinian eruptions rhyolitic eruptions

peaceful fissure eruptions

If basaltic lava reaches the sea or a lake, it cools rapidly into ____________ lava. pillow bed blanket sheet

pillow

Dome collapse, overspilling crater rim, direct blast and eruption column collapse are all ways to generate __________. fissure eruptions pyroclastic flows felsic magma mafic magma

pyroclastic flows

The New Madrid earthquakes are apparently related to an old buried ____________. subduction zone rift zone hazardous waste dump salt mine

rift zone

Tsunami arrive as a series of several waves separated by periods typically in the _________ range. 10- to 60-minute 1- to 6-seconds 1- to 6-minutes 1- to 6-hours

10- to 60-minute

The 1946 April Fool's Day tsunami at Hilo, Hawaii, was caused by an earthquake near ________. Mexico Chile California Alaska

Alaska

Which state accounts for the greatest percentage of all U.S. earthquakes of magnitude 3.5 and above? California Nevada Alaska Pennsylvania

Alaska

Spreading centers are an ideal location for volcanism because ______________. the asthenosphere rock has low percentages of SiO2 they sit above the high-temperature asthenosphere the oceanic plates pull apart causing hot asthenosphere rock to rise and undergo decompression melting to form magma that continues to rise All of these

All of these

Seafloor spreading generates __________ magma rhyolitic dacitic granitic basaltic

Basaltic

The most famous of all volcanoes probably is Vesuvius, and the most famous of its eruptions are those of 79 ce, which buried the cities of ____________. Berwick and Bloomsburg Pompeii and Herculaneum Naples and Florence Venice and Pisa

Pompeii and Herculaneum

The viscosity of magma is lowered by __________. decreasing crystal content decreasing SiO2 increasing temperature all of these

all of these

Violent causes of death from volcanic eruptions include _______________ pyroclastic flows tsunami lahars all of these

all of these

When magma is on the move at shallow depths it commonly generates a swarm of small earthquakes referred to as delirium tremens large earthquakes referred to as harmonic tremors large earthquakes referred to as delirium tremens small earthquakes referred to as harmonic tremors

small earthquakes referred to as harmonic tremors

Earthquake-related tsunami are created by sub sea fault movements with pronounced vertical offsets of the seafloor. Such movements occur most commonly along subduction zones spreading centers transform boundaries rift valleys

subduction zones

Silicon and oxygen link up to form the silicon-oxygen ______________. hexahedron icosahedron tetrahedron dihedron

tetrahedron

Active volcanoes today in Oregon and Washington, including Mt. St. Helens, result from _________________. continent-continent collision heat generated by friction on the San Andreas Fault the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath North America the subduction of the Juan de Fuca Plate beneath North America

the subduction of the Juan de Fuca Plate beneath North America

Geologists have shown that the east coast of the United States faces a serious tsunami threat from ________. landslides along the White Cliffs of Dover breakup of Antarctic ice shelves volcanic flank collapse in the Canary Islands meteor impact in the Mediterranean Sea

volcanic flank collapse in the Canary Islands