Quiz 5

What is one difference, noted via MRI scans, that can be seen in the brains of people with schizophrenia? a. They generally have more white matter. b. They tend to have a larger prefrontal cortex. c. They generally have less grey matter. d. They tend to have more synaptic connections in the prefrontal cortex.

They generally have less grey matter

According to the general adaptation syndrome, the which of these is first triggered by perception of a stressor? a. alarm reaction b. exhaustion stage c. flight reaction d. resistance stage

alarm reaction

Flora had met with an accident a few day ago. She has forgotten everything about her life before the accident. Flora is suffering from ____________. a. illness anxiety disorder b. generalized dissociative amnesia c. psychomotor retardation d. generalized anxiety disorders

generalized dissociative amnesia

In which disorder do people forget their entire lives? a. generalized anxiety disorders b. generalized dissociative amnesia c. psychomotor retardation d. illness anxiety disorder

generalized dissociative amnesia

Which type of somatic symptom disorder was previously called hypochondria? a. dissociative amnesia b. acute stress disorder c. illness anxiety disorder d. psychomotor retardation

illness anxiety disorder

Hoarding is most closely related to which disorder? a. schizophrenia b. generalized anxiety disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. depression

obsessive-compulsive disorder

The fear of open, crowded places is called ________. a. arachnophobia b. acrophobia c. claustrophobia d. agoraphobia

agoraphobia

Nadar was at work when he suddenly felt as if he was choking, was going numb, and was having the chills. He most likely is suffering from a ____________. a. somatic disorder b. panic disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. dissociative disorder

panic disorder

Influenza is caused by a virus. This virus is an example of a broad category of disease-causing organisms called ________. a. antigens b. antibodies c. leukocytes d. pathogens

pathogens

Many health problems are affected by attitudes, emotions, and behavior, which are all ________. a. environmental factors b. sociocultural factors c. biological factors d. psychological factors

psychological factors

According to the general adaptation syndrome, the levels of endocrine and sympathetic activity in which stage are lower than the levels in the alarm reaction but still higher than normal? a. resistance stage b. exhaustion stage c. refractory stage d. flight-or-flight stage

resistance stage

Excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights describe which of the following? a. psychomotor retardations b. delusions c. hallucinations d. specific phobias

specific phobias

Humor helps people cope with stress by ________. a. stimulating the output of endorphins b. postponing making difficult decisions c. positive cognitive shifts that result in positive emotions. d. enhancing the functioning of the immune system

stimulating the output of endorphins

Which of the following is one of Selye's three stages in the general adaptation syndrome? a. the resilience stage b. the exhaustion stage c. the latency stage d. the stagnation stage

the exhaustion stage

One suffering from mania may have grand delusional schemes, speak rapidly, and show a rapid flight of ideas.

true

Psychological states such as anxiety and depression can impair the functioning of the immune system.

true

Which of the following statements about suicide is true? a. Non-college students are more likely to commit suicide than college students. b. Married people are more likely to commit suicide than unmarried people. c. College students are more likely to commit suicide than non-college students. d. Younger people are more likely to commit suicide than older people.

College students are more likely to commit suicide than non-college students.

Susan is in the alarm reaction stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome. In this scenario, which of the following is most likely to occur? a. Her heart and respiration rates slow down and her muscles become fatigued. b. Her endocrine and sympathetic nervous systems shut down. c. Her hypothalamus secretes cortisol, which in turn causes her pituitary gland to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormones. d. Her body is aroused and she experiences a fight-or-flight reaction.

Her body is aroused and she experiences a fight-or-flight reaction

In the context of stress, which of the following is true of predictability and control? a. Predictability is not of particular benefit to internals—that is, to people who wish to exercise control over their situations. b. The illusion of being in control allows people to feel that they are not at the mercy of the fates. c. The illusion of being in control fosters helplessness and hinders people's ability to cope with stress. d. Predictability is of greater benefit to people who perceive the ability to attain reinforcements as being largely outside themselves.

The illusion of being in control allows people to feel that they are not at the mercy of the fates.

Yağmur must choose between cake and ice cream for dessert. Since she likes them both, what kind of conflict is Yağmur facing? a. avoidance-avoidance b. approach-approach c. multiple approach-avoidance d. approach-avoidance

approach-approach

In the context of the general adaptation syndrome, the mixture of adrenaline and noradrenaline ________. a. forces the body to enter the exhaustion stage b. slows down the respiration rate c. suppresses the release of glucose from the liver d. arouses the body by accelerating the heart rate

arouses the body by accelerating the heart rate

What is the name of the disorder that is characterized by the cycling through both ecstatic elation to deep depression? a. posttraumatic stress disorder b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. dissociative disorder d. bipolar disorder

bipolar disorder

The immune system combats diseases ________. a. by producing red blood cells, which engulf and kill pathogens b. by decreasing the flow of blood, cells, and natural chemicals to the damaged area, causing the redness, swelling, and warmth that characterize inflammation c. by inhibiting endocrine and sympathetic activity d. by generating antibodies, which attach themselves to antigens, deactivating them and marking them for destruction

by generating antibodies, which attach themselves to antigens, deactivating them and marking them for destruction

In the context of specific phobias, what is the term used for the fear of tight or enclosed places? a. xenophobia b. acrophobia c. altophobia d. claustrophobia

claustrophobia

Which of the following is the feeling of being pulled in two or more directions by opposing motives? a. self-actualization b. conflict c. homeostasis d. self-efficacy

conflict

In the approach-avoidance conflict, each of two goals is desirable, and both are within reach.

false

People with body dysmorphic disorder have dual personalities.

false

Unhealthy stress is referred to as eustress.

false

The immune system is able to eradicate foreign substances like pathogens because of the functioning of white blood cells called ________. a. leukocytes b. erythrocytes c. antigens d. corticosteroids

leukocytes

Bipolar disorder was formerly called_____________________. a. manic-depressive disorder b. multiple personality disorder c. hypochondriasis d. seasonal affective disorder

manic-depressive disorder

According to Selye's general adaptation syndrome, in the exhaustion stage, ________. a. the activities of the sympathetic nervous system predominate b. the endocrine, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems are kicked into action to enable survival c. many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed d. the heartbeat and respiration rate increase

many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed

Posttraumatic stress disorder: a. is also referred to as acute stress disorder. b. is primarily associated with absence of autonomic arousal. c. may occur months or years after a traumatic experience. d. occurs within a month of a traumatic experience and lasts only for a week.

may occur months or years after a traumatic experience.

One negative symptom of schizophrenia is the refusal to talk. The term for this is _____________ a. waxy flexibility b. hallucinations c. delusions d. mutism

mutism

People suffering from this disorder have an inflated self-image, extreme need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. a. histrionic personality disorder b. borderline personality disorder c. narcissistic personality disorder d. dependent personality disorder

narcissistic personality disorder