Quiz 5: ch15, 18 cognitive

Which of the following was Schaie's key finding (1994) when he assessed intellectual abilities both cross-sectionally and longitudinally?

Decline in intellectual abilities was more likely in the cross-sectional assessments than in the longitudinal assessments

Which of the following is true of implicit memory?

Implicit memory involved skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically.

In the context of links between aging, the brain, and cognitive functioning, which of the following statements is true of older adults?

Older adults are more likely than younger adults to use both hemispheres of the brain to compensate for declines in attention

Which of the following is true of attention?

When two competing tasks are reasonably easy, age differences among adults are minimal or nonexistent

Speed and accuracy of the processes involved in sensory input, attention, visual and motor memory, discrimination, comparison, and categorization are components of _____.

cognitive mechanics

John Horn maintains that in middle adulthood, _________ intelligence continues to increase.

crystallized

Which of the following statements about cognitive mechanics and cognitive pragmatics is true?

educational qualifications and professional skills are components of cognitive pragmatics

Remembering where a person went on vacation last summer is an example of _____ memory.

episodic

Which of the following statements about semantic memory, episodic memory, and aging is true?

episodic memory declines more than semantic memory in old age

Jonas is being tested for decline in cognitive functioning. The test involves assessing his ability to plan actions, allocate attention to goals, detect errors, monitor progress on tasks, and deal with novel or difficult circumstances. The researchers are testing Jonas' ________ attention.

executive

Which of the following statements is a probable reason for the decline in working memory in older adults?

increased distractibility

According to research by Baltes and his colleagues, the time frame of ________ is the main age window for wisdom to emerge.

late adolescence and early adulthood

The Seattle Longitudinal Study concluded that middle age is a time of _______.

peak performance for verbal ability

In the Seattle Longitudinal Study, which of the following abilities showed signs of early decline?

perceptual speed

Eighty-year-old Lucia has difficulty remembering to call her son every Sunday at noon. This is more likely due to a decline in her ____ memory.

prospective

Which of the following is a common way to assess speed of information processing in adults?

reaction-time task

One example of _____ attention is orientating oneself about which stimuli to attend to when making a left turn at an intersection

selective

Zack is having a conversation with his friend Ben in a crowded room. Despite the presence of many voices around him, Zack focuses on what Ben is saying. This is an example of ___ attention.

selective

A person's knowledge about the world is called ______ memory

semantic

According to cognitive aging expert Denise Park, the slowdown in learning new information has been linked to changes in ____.

working memory