quiz

The psychiatric nurse's practice is based on Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Model. The nurse has developed a relationship with a client in which the client has assumed the power. How would Peplau identify this phase of the relationship?

Exploitation

Which theorist's work is considered foundational to many of today's cognitive theories?

Lewin

Why should the nurse be cautious about using humor when teaching clients from other cultures?

Meaning can change in the translation process.

What is the outcome of a work-site health-promotion program for the company offering these classes to employees?

Morale among employees often increases.

During a health visit a client who has been reviewing smoking cessation material states "I've already cut back from a pack a day to half a pack." According to Prochaska and DiClemente, in which stage of change is this client?

NOT "ACTION" or "CONTEMPLATION"

Which option reflects correct ordering of learning experiences?

NOT "Present new content and then link it back to the client's previous knowledge."

A client had a mastectomy yesterday. Today, the nurse must teach this client exercises to promote function on the operative side. When should this teaching occur?

NOT "Whenever the client expresses a desire to learn, despite pain status."

Why are nurses often requested to teach community classes?

Nurses are respected by the public.

Why has nursing theory not been formally integrated into everyday nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing theories were developed by nurses in graduate school at a time when advanced education in nursing was uncommon. Historically, nursing education was accomplished following an apprenticeship model. RATIONALE: The gap between nurse theorists and practicing nurses can be attributed in part to the development of nursing theories in the 1960s by nurses who were pursuing graduate degrees in nursing and related fields. Few other nurses knew or cared about such matters. Until the 1950s nursing practice was based on principles and traditions passed on through an apprenticeship form of education. Nursing theories are current and do apply to today's nursing practice. Although there is room for the development of new nursing theories, sufficient numbers exist to guide practice.

While planning care, the nurse works with the client and chooses a wholly compensatory nursing system to help the client achieve an optimal level of self-care. What is true about this situation?

Orem's general theory of nursing involves this type of planning.

After receiving information about smoking cessation the client responds, "OK. I've been thinking about quitting." According to Prochaska and DiClemente, in which stage of change is this client?

Contemplation

The nursing faculty is revising their program's curriculum and plan to use a specific theory as a basis of their work. What is a theory?

A document that relates concepts by defining their significance to one another.

According to Pender, Murdaugh, and Parsons, what is the definition of health promotion?

Behavior motivated by a desire to increase well-being.

Which statement best reflects the essence of Madeleine Leininger's work?

Both differences and commonalities exist in the ways cultures practice caring.

Which option best reflects how nurses provide education to other nurses?

Both formally and informally

Who should be involved in the development of a nursing teaching plan?

Both the nurse-teacher and the client-learner

While progressing through nursing school, the student develops a system to categorize information as it is presented. Which theorist developed a learning theory that supports this categorization of information as essential?

Bruner

The nurse strongly believes that truth is based in experiences. Which research approach is this nurse most likely to favor?

Constructivist

What is a mission of Healthy People 2020?

Identify nationwide health improvement priorities.

The nursing student has watched a demonstration of insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter. The student is now attempting the skill on a laboratory mannequin. What category of Bloom's psychomotor domain does this attempt reflect?

Imitation

The nurse's research is designed to generate a new theory. What research approach has this nurse most likely chosen?

Inductive using qualitative research methods.

What is the purpose of a risk appraisal program?

To apprise individuals of the risk factors that are inherent in their lives.

Which strategy would be most useful in integrating nursing theory and nursing practice?

Present theories in a compelling, practice-focused manner.

Which level of prevention as defined by Leavell and Clark most closely reflects health promotion?

Primary

The nurse says she knows a particular fact is true because "God says it is true." Which of Kneller's types of knowing is this nurse describing?

Revealed

Which theorist developed a learning theory based on humanism?

Rogers

The nurse is conducting a teaching session with a client for whom English is a second language. The client smiles and nods in acknowledgment of the nurse's instruction. What should the nurse consider about this situation?

The client may be trying to keep the nurse from being embarrassed. RATIONALE: When the nurse is teaching a client for whom English is a second language, it is important not to assume that the client understands. The nurse should verify understanding in a different manner than verbally. This smiling and nodding may be deferential to the nurse and designed to prevent the nurse from being embarrassed. There is no indication that this client has a learning disability or that the client is making fun of the nurse.

What is the major determinant of the content of a teaching session?

The learning objectives

A client tells the nurse that a group of friends have all decided to stop smoking. The group has planned a party at which they will each smoke their last cigarette. According to Pender's model, how does the nurse interpret this information?

This party demonstrates a plan of action and is positive.

Why do most nursing theories reflect such strong influence from other disciplines such as sociology?

The theorists who developed nursing theories were often doing graduate work in those disciplines, not nursing.

A client asks the nurse about a new treatment for Alzheimer disease that the client found during a search of the Internet. The treatment is based upon alternative medicine strategies. How should the nurse respond to questions about this treatment?

The treatment may be valid, but further investigation should be done before it is trusted. RATIONALE: Just because the treatment was found on the Internet and/or it is based upon alternative medicine strategies, it is not necessarily invalid. The treatment may be based in science, but further investigation should be done into its validity before trusting the treatment modality. There is no requirement that information has to be researched or validated prior to adding it to the Internet.

What do the leading health indicators developed as a part of Healthy People 2020 have in common?

They all can be measured by objective data.

A small school district cannot afford to employ registered nurses at each of its individual school campuses. Can this school offer health-promotion activities?

Yes; many professionals such as teachers can teach health-related topics.

The nurse has been asked to provide a health-promotion session for a group of preschool children. Can the nurse work in this capacity?

Yes; the nurse can work with groups or individuals of all ages.

Which behaviors are including in Bloom's cognitive domain of learning? (Select all that apply.)

Applying information Analyzing information Evaluating information Comprehending information

What is a goal of Healthy People 2020?

Elimination of health disparities.

All nurses in their role of teacher/educator are responsible for providing instruction to which persons? (Select all that apply.)

Health care providers other than nurses Other nurses Patients Patients' families The only option listed for which all nurses are not responsible for providing instruction to are students in community colleges. Professional nursing educators have formal education preparation requirements that are not common to all nurses.

The nurse is preparing to care for a newly admitted client. The following information was provided by the emergency department in the medical record:Admission Note: Client is a 56 year old who has not been to see a healthcare provider since emigrating to the U.S. 10 years ago; recalls receiving vaccinations "years ago" but does not remember for what disease processes; states that he was given "blood pressure" pills years ago from a doctor in his native country but hasn't taken them for quite some time because he "feels ok." Works as a part-time cook in a neighborhood ethnic restaurant. Lives with his spouse and is helping to raise a granddaughter.For what should the nurse assess this client upon arrival to the care area?

Health literacy

The nurse is involved in an organization whose goal is to help children make the decision not use tobacco. Which type of health organization does this represent?

Health promotion

The government has authorized a series of influenza immunization clinics that will be provided free of cost to citizens. Which type of health organization does this represent?

Health protection

The nursing school's curriculum is based on Orem's self-care deficit theory of nursing. How would this curriculum describe nursing interventions designed for individuals who are unable to perform some (but not all) self-care activities?

Partly compensatory RATIONALE: Orem postulates that nursing systems form when nurses prescribe design, and provide nursing that regulates the individual's self-care capabilities and meets therapeutic self-care requirements. She identifies three types of nursing systems: (1) wholly compensatory in which the client is unable to control and monitor their environment and process information; (2) partly compensatory designed for individuals who are unable to perform some (but not all) self-care activities; and (3) supportive-educative designed for persons who need to learn to perform self-care measures and need assistance to do so.

After being provided with smoking cessation information the client responds, "I'm not interested. I enjoy smoking and don't want to quit." According to Prochaska and DiClemente, in which stage of change is this client?

Precontemplation RATIONALE: This response reflects precontemplation, in which the patient neither thinks about changing behavior nor is interested in information about the behavior. In contemplation, the patient seriously considers changing a specific behavior, actively gathers information, and verbalizes plans to make the change in the near future. The preparation stage occurs when the person undertakes cognitive and behavioral activities that prepare the person for change. The action stage occurs when the person actively implements behavioral and cognitive strategies to interrupt previous behavior patterns and adopt new ones.