Quiz 9 - Chapters 19 and 20

Which scientist discovered penicillin by accident in 1928?

Alexander Fleming

Reported microorganisms in rainwater, lake water, on the surface of human teeth, in the gut of horseflies, and in the feces of human diarrhea

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Doctor Joseph Lister recognized the need for a surgical antiseptic in the 1860's so he began to soak surgical dressings in what chemical?

Carbonic acid

Which of the following refers to the theory that all living beings are composed of individual cells?

Cell theory

Staphylococci are understood to have what sort of arrangement?

Clustered, round bacteria

How are bacteria that cause tonsillitis spread?

Contract with throat or nasal secretions of infected individuals

The word vaccination comes to use from the Latin word vacca. What does that word mean?

Cow

Which type of fungi infections includes ringworm, jock itch, and athlete's foot?

Cutaneous mycoses

After observing the Turkish milkmaids who contracted cowpox and recovered where immune to smallpox. This physician began the first major vaccination campaign in the last years of the 18th century

Edward Jenner

Used cowpox as a vaccine for smallpox

Edward Jenner

Conditions such as histoplasmosis, blastoplasmosis, coccidioidomycoses, as well as some forms of meningitis can be attributed to what type of microorganism?

Fungi

Prior to the acceptance of this theory, it was widely accepted that illness was punishment for crimes or sins

Germ Theory

Which of the following refers to the theory that microorganisms cause disease?

Germ theory

Recognized that phenol killed microorganisms

Joseph Lister

When first seen by scientists through a microscope, microorganisms can cells were referred to as which of the following?

Little boxes

Helped save the European silk industry by identifying the protozoan that caused a silkworm disease

Louis Pasteur

Frequently an issue with younger children's immune systems, what condition entails enlarges lymph nodes as a result of elevated levels of lymphocytes and leukocytes and leukocytes within a lymph node?

Lymphadenopathy

Which of the following diseases is the result of a proliferation of lymphocytes and leukocytes within a lymph node or by the presence of a tumor in a lymph node?

Lymphadenopathy

Enlargement of the lymph nodes

Lymphandenopathy

Can occur due to bacterial infection known as cellulitis

Lymphangitis

Cellulitis or infection spread from a skin abscess can cause what to spread in the span of an hour or two?

Lymphangitis

Which of the following disorders is characterized by red streaks extending from the infected area to the axillary space or groin?

Lymphangitis

Cancer of the lymphatic system

Lymphoma

Select the kingdom where bacteria would be found

Monera

This microorganism is responsible for conditions such as primary atypical pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and infertility

Mycoplasma

What is the smallest free-living organism?

Mycoplasma

Which of the following refers to a collection of many varied lymphomas?

Non-Hodgkin's

Why are tonsillectomies now discouraged?

Physicians see the value in saving these immunity-enhancing glands

These microbes are essentially pieces of misfolded protein containing DNA or RNA that don't elicit an immune response in their host

Prions

Malaria is a disease caused by which microbe that normally has no disease-causing potential in humans?

Protozoa

Established the causation of disease of microorganisms

Robert Koch

Enlargement of the spleen

Splenomegaly

This is inflammation of the spleen beyond its normal size

Splenomegaly

Which of the following may occur in cases of sickle cell anemia?

Splenomegaly

The belief that life-forms can spontaneously appear from nonliving matter is known as which of the following?

Spontaneous generation

This idea of that matter could seemingly appear out of nowhere would later be disproven:

Spontaneous generation

Of the following traits, which does not belong to eukaryotic cells?

The cell wall is made of peptidoglycan

Which of the following refers to the theory that the growth of microorganisms can be controlled because living cells can only arise from preexisting living cells?

Theory of biogenesis

An infection of the tonsils in which the tonsils become inflamed is known as which of the following?

Tonsillitis

Inflammation of the tonsils

Tonsillitis