quiz geo ch 4

Which of the numbered features is a lahar?

5

Which of the following is a hazard but not a risk, according to the textbook?

A cinder cone that erupts hot molten fragments on an unpopulated Pacific island

Which of the following is the best indicator a volcano might be very dangerous?

A volcano that contains andesite and welded tuffs

Which of the following factors indicates a high risk for volcanic mudflows or lahars?

A volcano with a thick covering of snow or ice

Which of the following is NOT a way in which a volcano's history indicates the level of hazard it poses to nearby population centers?

Age of the oldest volcanic layer present

What do the two stars near the center of this block represent?

All of the choices are correct

What types of rocks would be common in the volcano in this figure? (cone)

All of the choices are correct

Which of the following are dangerous aspects of composite volcanoes?

All of the choices are correct

Which of the following types of volcanic eruption have occurred on Mount St. Helens since it began erupting in 1980?

All of the choices are correct

Which of the following was common to the eruptions of Vesuvius and Mount St. Helens?

All of the choices are correct

Eruptions on the island of Santorini in Greece resulted in:

All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following resulted from the large 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan?

All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following occurs in a lava tube?

All of these occur.

What are some factors that could allow flood basalts to have high-volume eruptions?

All these allow flood basalts to have high-volume eruptions.

Which area did NOT have casualties caused by the Indonesian earthquake of 2004?

All these areas had casualties.

If an area has shallow, intermediate, and deep earthquakes, what can you infer about the area?

All these can be inferred about the area.

Which of the following types of faults does NOT generate earthquakes?

All types of faults can generate earthquakes

What type of volcanic eruption is shown in this photograph?

Basaltic lava flow

Which of the following is NOT a typical eruption style during the growth of a composite volcano?

Caldera collapse

This volcano is relatively small and composed of volcanic cinders. What kind of volcano is it?

Cinder cone

Which of the following is NOT a way in which volcanic domes are commonly destroyed?

Collapse into emptied magma chambers below

What type of eruption formed the volcano in this image?

Eruption of viscous lava

What types of rocks would be most common in the volcano in this photograph? (mountain snow)

Felsic and intermediate lava flows

Which represents the largest igneous eruptions on Earth?

Flood basalts

Which of the following would not be a good idea in an area that has a high risk for earthquakes?

Have many new buildings be made of rigid concrete or masonry

What type of eruption formed the main volcanic features in this figure? (cones)

Large pyroclastic eruptions

The downfall of which ancient civilization in the Mediterranean closely followed the caldera-forming eruption at Santorini?

Minoan

In order to provide an early warning system, which of the following is least helpful in trying to predict a tsunami?

Monitoring earthquakes in continental settings

What was the most damaging type of eruption that occurred at Vesuvius in Italy?

One or more pyroclastic flows hit the city of Pompeii.

Which of the following is NOT a typical match between the type of eruption and resulting rock type?

Pyroclastic flow - scoria

What types of rocks are most common in a composite volcano?

Rocks formed from felsic and intermediate lava flows

Which of the following volcanoes is generally the largest?

Shield volcano

Which of the following is a recognizable characteristic of recent calderas?

Steep-sided basin-shaped depression

On this map of earthquakes near Japan, why do shallow earthquakes occur to the east and deeper earthquakes occur to the west?

The subduction zone dips to the west.

Which of the following rock types is NOT characteristic of volcanic domes?

Vesicular basalt with very large holes from dangerous gas

What type of basaltic feature is shown in this photograph?

Volcanic bomb

This relatively small volcanic feature consists of solidified lava and some volcanic ash. What kind of volcano is it?

Volcanic dome

The typical shape of most volcanoes is shaped like:

a cone.

The eruption that occurred on Mount St. Helens was triggered by:

a huge landslide resulting in a lateral blast that knocked down trees and buildings.

The type of volcanic eruption shown in this photograph is: (lot of smoke)

a pyroclastic column.

Which of the following is NOT a major controlling factor in volcanic eruption style?

age of the volcano

Volcanism creates mountains that are:

all of the choices are correct.

Where do most earthquakes occur near mid-ocean ridges?

along the axis of the ridge and on transform faults that connect ridge segments

A fold in which rock layers warp up in the shape of an A is a(n):

anticline.

The type of basin shown in this figure is a:

basin along a strike-slip fault.

The main hazard of an eruption that forms a large caldera is:

burning, building collapse, and suffocation from an eruption column and pyroclastic flows.

Huge circular depressions from which volcanoes erupt are called:

calderas.

Landslides and volcanic eruptions can cause a tsunami by:

causing a large mass of rock to catastrophically displace the water.

The type of stress that causes most folding is:

compression

What type of stress formed the structure shown in this figure?

compression

Which of the following plate boundaries is least likely to produce composite volcanoes?

continent-continent convergent boundary with a high mountain range (Himalayas)

The special geologic term used to represent the direction of a horizontal line on an inclined surface (like in a fault) is:

dip

Fractures along which the rock has slipped relative to the other side are called:

faults

Shield volcanoes commonly involve:

fluid lava flows.

When basaltic lava reach the ocean they:

form pillow basalts.

The December 26, 2004, Indonesian earthquake occurred:

from subduction of the Indian-Australian plate.

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas, which site would have earthquakes along a continental collision?

in tibet

The igneous feature shown in this figure is a:

laccolith

When fluid lava erupts onto the surface, it typically produces:

lava flows.

Most earthquakes occur at depths of:

less than 100 km

Flood basalt eruptions are fed by:

long fissures/dikes.

When a volcano erodes and the solidified conduit is exposed, it is referred to as a volcanic:

neck

The type of fault shown in this figure is a(n): (up)

reverse fault.

The typical form for a composite volcano is a:

steep-sided cone.

Shield volcanoes have low slopes primarily because:

they are fed from large interconnected composite volcanoes.

Volcanic domes grow from hot lava being injected into the interior of mounds of cooled lava, and from ______ lava flows breaking out and moving down its flanks.

viscous

Steep-sided hills of viscous lava that pile up over volcanic vents are known as:

volcanic domes.