Quizzes Review

People with high levels of positive psychological capital tend to display

hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism.

The law of effect states that

behavior with favorable consequences tends to be repeated.

Brenda is a sales representative for a large pharmaceutical corporation. According to the current compensation system, if Brenda meets her target for the quarterly sales projections, she will receive a bonus equivalent to 7 percent of her annual salary. Brenda is working hard to meet the sales goal so that she can buy a new car. Which of the following is true regarding Brenda's motivation?

It is extrinsically motivated.

Kara is a very likable employee. Recently, her boss rated her at the highest level in all areas of performance, even though in some areas her performance did not warrant this judgment. This is an example of a ________ perceptual error.

halo

Dr. Heller is a well-liked professor. Last term, no one received less than a B in any of his courses. Dr. Heller may be suffering from ________ perceptual error.

leniency

Some companies now allow employees to use noise-canceling headphones at work, thinking that it prevents distractions. Others companies disagree, noting that concentration goes down. These companies want to encourage

mindfulness

In the Framework of POB,________ is/are a key input to positivity from situation factors.

organizational culture and climate

The sales department of a mutual fund firm sets goals for the next fiscal year to sell a certain number of mutual funds each month. The firm only sets targets, but provides no other details. These goals are ________ goals.

objective

Barry set himself a goal of bowling at least one game above 250 (out of 300 possible) before the end of the season. This is a ________ goal.

performance

The ________ effect is the attraction of all living systems toward that which is life-giving and away from that which is life-depleting.

positivity

A non-performance consideration for considering rewards include all except

95 percent customer service satisfaction survey results.

Hope consists of

willpower and waypower.

________ is defined as belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than yourself.

Meaningfulness

________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.

Values

________ are the most effective schedules of reinforcement.

Variable ratio and variable interval

________ represents what individuals and organizations aspire to be when they are at their very best.

Virtuousness

Erin is getting some funny looks in the office. Every few hours or so she sits up in her desk chair with her feet grounded, closes her eyes and takes a deep breath two times. She is practicing

breathing meditation.

After a recent visit to the grocery store Emily received an email for an optional survey to rate her customer experience during that visit. She didn't really have too much of an opinion and wanted the $5 coupon to be used toward her next visit if she completed the survey. She rushed through the survey and rated all categories as average. This can be described as which perpetual error related to performance evaluation?

central tendency

Dr. Carroll carefully chose the final exams written by her best students to read first. They all received excellent grades. After these, she read the rest of the exams and graded most of them average or worse. This is an example of ________ perceptual error.

contrast effects

Susan, a management major, is taking an overload of classes this term. On a team project in one of her classes, one of her teammates sees how busy she is and does the final proofreading of the team project for her. Susan is most likely feeling

gratitude

Which forms of consequences weaken an undesirable behavior?

extinction and punishment

Negative reinforcement is

strengthening a behavior by contingently withdrawing something displeasing.

Jenna and Martin complete their part of Project Zenith. Their progress is best measured against ________ goals.

task

Dr. Beswick enjoys teaching college courses. She likes the salary as well as the ability to travel in summers. However, she also finds the job challenging and enjoyable. This would imply that she is working for

total rewards.

Managers tend to give more ________ feedback than positive feedback to employees.

negative

Organizational ________ is the host of procedures, policies, routines, and rules that organizations use to get things done.

practices

Larry learned that his coworker Simon had a vacation planned with his family for an upcoming reunion and had used all of his paid annual leave. Since Larry knew he wouldn't be using all of his annual leave, he donated three days to Simon. This is an example of ________ behavior in the organization.

prosocial

Armando has a goal of earning a B in his statistics course, but currently his grade is a C-. Therefore, he decides to study more hours for the next test and even get involved in a study group. Armando is experiencing

resilience.

Denys blinks her eyes whenever she looks up at the sun. This is an example of

respondent behavior.

During a class lecture, Mike finds himself thinking about an argument he had last night with his girlfriend. Mike is displaying

rumination.