Quoting vs Paraphrasing vs Summarizing

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when to paraphrase

1. When you want an alternative to direct quotations 2. When you rewrite an idea without changing the meaning 3. When you have a specific idea that's important to your claim 4. When you need more evidence of further explanation

when to quote

1. when the quoted words are your primary evidence for a point you're making 2. when the passage raises an important objection that you counter, and you want to show that you are not misrepresenting it or taking it out of context 3. when the words of a passage are original, odd, or otherwise too useful to lose in a paraphrase 4. When citing an important authority whose words will give your argument credibility

quote

appears between quotation

summary

does not match the source word for word

quote

exact words

quote

include a brief (effectively stated) segment of the text

paraphrase

modify the sentence structure

summary

modify the sentence structure

how do you avoid plagiarism?

no more than 3 matching words in a row

paraphrase

requires citation

quote

requires citation

summary

requires citation

summary

restate the main ideas from the original source in your own words

paraphrase

specific idea from the text in your own words

paraphrase

use different vocabulary

summarizing

what answers the following questions: 1. What does your author claim or present about this topic? 2. What do you think the author's purpose in creating the source was? 3. What kind of evidence (or facts) does the author provide to support his or her claim/information? 4. What information or opinions presented in the source are most interesting to you?

when to summarize

when you introduce your source and explain its significance to your writing.


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