Rad Protection Chapter 1 Workbook

When illness or injury occurs or when a specific imaging procedure for health screening purposes is prudent, a patient may:

Elect to assume a relatively small risk of exposure to ionizing radiation to obtain essential diagnostic medical information

Ionizing radiation

Produces positively and negatively charged particles (ions) when passing through matter

BERT is a:

Radiation quantity

Occupational and nonoccupational doses will remain well below maximum allowable levels when:

Radiographers and radiologists keep exposure as low as reasonably achieveable

When radiation is safely and prudently used in the imaging of patients, the benefit of the exposure can be _____ and the potential risk of biological damage is ______.

Maximized Minimized

BERT

Method of comparing the amount of radiation recieved from a radiologic procedure with natural background radiation recieved over a specified period, such as days, weeks, months, or years.

When an imaging procedure is justified in terms of medical necessity, diagnostic efficacy is achieved when optimal-quality images, revealing the presence or absence of disease, are obtained with:

Minimial radiation exposure to the patient

Cardinal principles of radiation protection include:

Time, distance, and shielding

Team approach

Type of approach in patient care that has gained an increasing awareness in recent years

Any radiation exposure that does not benefit a person in terms of diagnostic information obtained from diagnostic images for the clinical management of medical needs is termed:

Unnecessary radiation

ALARA

Acronym for as low as reasonably achievable

Which of the following cardinal principles of radiation can be applied to both the patient and radiographer?

All three: time, distance, and shield

For the welfare of patients and the workers, facilities providing imaging services must have:

An effective radiation safety program

Justification for reduction of unneccessary radiation exposure

Based on evidence that living tissue of animals and humans can be damaged by exposure to ioninzing radiation.

The ALARA philiosphy should:

Be a main part of every health care facility's personnel radiation control program. Be maintained because at this time there are no firm dose limits established for the amount of radiation that patients may receive for individual imaging procedures. Be maintained and show all reasonable actions that will reduce dose to patients and personnel below required limits have been considered.

How can humans safely control the use of radiant energy?

By using the knowledge of radiation-induced hazards that has been gained over many years. By employing effective methods to limit or eliminate radiation induced hazards.

Radiologic technologists

Have the responsibility to select technical exposure factors that significantly reduce radiation exposure to patients and themselves

Risk

In the medical industry with reference to radiation sciences, the possibility of inducing adverse biologic effects such as injury to the skin or induction of cancer or a genetic defect after irradiation.

Radiation Safety Officer (RSO)

Individual in a hospital setting expressly charged by the administration to be directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program

Radiation has been present on Earth since:

It's beginning

Appropriate and effective communication

Makes patients feel that they are active participants in their own health care

Distance

One of the three cardinal principles of radiation protection

To reduce radiation exposure to the patient:

Reduce the amount of the x-ray "beam on" time. Use as much distance as warranted between the x-ray tube and the patient for the examination. Always shield the patient with appropriate gonadal and specific area shielding devices.

In medicine, when radiation safety principles are correctly applied during imaging procedures, the energy depositied in living tissue by the radiation can be limited. This results in:

Reducing the potential for adverse biologic effects

Which of the following increases radiation exposure to the patient and potentially to the radiographer?

Repeated radiographic exposures as a result of technical error or carelessness

To provide high quality imaging services

Responsibility of facilities and radiographers that provide imaging services

Optimization for radiation protection

Synonymous with ALARA

Diagnostic efficacy

The degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals the presence or absence of disease in the patient

Typically, people are more likely to accept a risk if they perceive that:

The potential benefit to be obtained is greater than the risk involved

To implement an effective radiation safety program in a facility that provides imaging services, the employer must provide all of the following except:

X-ray equipment that can produce only very low kilovoltage and very high milliamperage

Radiation Protection

effective measures employed by radiation workers to safeguard patients, personnel, and the general public from unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation