RBT Exam
Which of the following is an example of a target for selecting an item using an adverb?
"Choose the one that goes quickly."
In a typically developing child, at what age do they respond to hearing their name?
6 months
what is an example of a clearly written criteria for mastery
9 out of 10 times for 3 consecutive sessions
Your supervisor tells you to use a strategy you have no idea how to use. What is the best response to the request?
Tell the supervisor immediately that you do not know how to use the strategy and ask for them to demonstrate it.
RBTs must document
The data from the session and any other relevant information
True or False: Allegations that go unreported are just as serious as the actual abuse or neglect.
True
what item would be the best choice for using during a naturalistic teaching session with a young child
a toy car with a racetrack
what are two things you need to maintain if you assist a person with banking and bill paying
a transaction record and a reconciliation of the transactions
what does the contractural aspect of the annual service plan guide
all services received by the person
what is an antecedent variable that could play a role in the display of a behavior
being in a quiet environment
what is a similarity between DTI and naturalistic techniques
both require that skills be broken down into small steps in order to be taught
any reinforcer that has the potential to affect the health of the client adversely if used inappropriately or in excess is called a
harmful reinforcer
Example of operationally defined:
hitting so hard a picture fell off the wall
the x axis on the graph is:
horizontal and is called the abscissa
an FBA is performed to
hypothesize function of the behavior
differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior is used to
increase the amount of time between the display of one behavior to the next
differential reinforcement works by
increasing desirable behaviors while decreasing problem behavior
DTI, the time after one trial ends and the other begins is called the
intertrial interval
Why is pica dangerous?
it can cause illness or injury
what is true about data collection
it is the foundation for creating behavioral interventions
which of the following would be the most appropriate report about behaviors observed in a session
johnny engaged in 4 episodes of hand biting today
what is an example of overcorrection
marty had to clean the bathroom wall because she wrote on it
what could be a prevention strategy for a behavior that involves throwing items
minimizing the number of items that could be thrown
when providing a discrete trial to teach motor actions with objects, what is the most critical aspect
modeling the action with the object
what are two reasons documentation is beneficial
more complete communication in emergencies, and more accurate assessments, will improve services to the person
errorless learning uses
most to least prompts
when is it okay to provide data that is not 100% accurate or true
never
escape extinction works by
not allowing the individual to escape what they were trying to avoid
what is a joint attention behavior that is often exhibited by individuals with autism
not following the point of another person
what data recording procedure is best used for behaviors that have a clear ending and beginning, do not occur throughout an interval, but still occur at high rates?
partial interval
what can be done to try and elicit a request from a child
place the reinforcer in a place where they have to ask for it
how can consistency and routine help to increase the display of a desired behavior
predictability that goes along with consistency and routine helps learners focus on what is important
using transfer trials will help eliminate
prompt dependency
what needs to be included as part of data collection for a naturalistic teaching session
prompt level needed to elicit the target behavior
why is imitating facial expressions particularly difficult for some individuals with autism
they avoid looking at faces
Why is it important for learners to generalize new behavior?
So they can use it in a meaningful way across different situations
Which of the following describes a trigger?
Something that easily sets off you and causes an immediate, often emotional, reaction.
Forward chaining involves:
Teaching the beginning steps and reinforcing each subsequent step
Generalization across settings occurs when:
The learner performs the behavior in different environments
what is the estimated percentage of SIB that have automatic reinforcement as the function
25%
Intermediate learners should respond to:
50 simple noun/verb combinations
What are 3 reasons to ask questions?
To start a conversation, to obtain information, and to show interest in another's ideas
If a shaping program is not moving forward and there are not questions about the effectiveness of reinforcers, what is likely to be the issue?
Too much was expected too soon
The transitivity aspect of stimulus equivalence is the result of:
Training 2 other stimulus relations
What is a very common type of data used in ITT that takes little time?
cold probe
what is the best course of action to take in the event of an extinction burst
continue the intervention
When our learner is on a roll with responding, reinforcement should be...
continued at current levels or increased
what graph indicates a total number of behaviors in an additive fashion
cumulative graphs
what core characteristic of autism involves difficulty in responding to others in an appropriate way?
deficits in social/emotional reciprocity.
all of the following are some appropriate ways to respond to feedback, EXCEPT:
explain to your supervisor why you did what you did. they may be wrong in their feedback
Water might have a value-altering effect when:
A person is very thirsty
Which of the following interventionist actions is likely to be observed during naturalistic intervention?
Allowing the learner to approach a reinforcing item but blocking access until they respond to a discriminative stimulus (SD)
Which part of the 3-term contingency is the most responsible for stimulus control?
Antecedents
What is a mandatory reporter?
Any individual who is required by law to report any suspected abuse or allegations of abuse.
What is not a behavioral sign of abuse?
Appearing with torn, stained, or bloody clothing.
Being punctual means:
Arriving 5 to 10 minutes early to prepare
Jerry, the RBT, comes to his client's home for his scheduled ABA session. When Jerry gets there, he finds the client yelling and his mother crying in the corner. How can Jerry help with this immediate situation within the boundaries of an RBT?
Ask the mother what happened in order to know what to do with the client. Make sure she is physically okay and start therapy or behavior plan implementation.
Kaci is 4 months old, what milestone is likely to start developing at this age?
Attention from caregivers functioning as a reinforcer
Why is modeling optimism helpful to families?
Because you can show them that there is hope for the future
Early learning skills are important ____ for more advanced skills.
Components
what is an example of a continuous schedule of reinforcement (CRF)
Mike gets a point each time he raises his hand
Incentives are:
Opportunities for status, recognition, or increased involvement.
what data collection method involves recording the results of each trial presented
trial by trial data
true or false: SDs should be delivered in a variety of ways
true
true or false: behavior is neutral
true
true or false: least-restrictive procedures are usually the first choice of intervention
true
George was assigned to work with Franklin at his home today. As part of his therapy, Franklin was learning to use his electric razor to shave his face. He had been shaving the area under his nose independently. Today Franklin flatly refused to do so and shouted "No shave" over and over again. Franklin's mother came in from her garden outside and asked George how the shaving was going. What should George say to Franklin's mother?
"Franklin did not want to shave under his nose today, that's unusual. I would like to try a different reinforcement schedule with him to see if that will help.
If discrimination training is being used to teach a learner to identify blue objects, which of the combination of materials should be used?
A blue card and a red card
We can assume social motivation is present when __________.
A child spontaneously initiates.
What is a stimulus class?
A set of stimuli that share a common attribute
Which of the following is an illustration of reflexivity in relation to stimulus equivalence?
A=A
What assessments can be helpful in setting up a VB program
ABLLS-R and the VB-MAPP
Which of the following is unique to data collection for naturalistic interventions vs. discrete trials?
Activities or routines used to elicit target behaviors
When is the best time to allow for a break during a discrete trial session?
Before or when the learner shows signs of tiring but is not yet resisting requests to respond to discriminative stimuli (SD)
Which of the following is an example of teaching an intraverbal target in the natural environment?
Being on a playground and asking "Where do you build sand castles?"
If someone communicates with you about an incident of abuse and neglect, what is the best way to respond to the individual?
Believe what they're telling you.
Which of the following is an example of using natural environment teaching (NET) to teach receptive discrimination?
Choosing a spoon from a drawer full of utensils
What does the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code say about communication and multiple relationships?
Communicate in a way that does not encourage multiple relationships
You provide support for Roberto, a man with a mild intellectual disability. While talking to him one day, he casually mentions that sometimes his sister (his fiduciary guardian) uses his SSI check to pay her rent. What is the most appropriate course of action to take?
Contact your agency's designated investigator.
Which prompt fading strategy involves using the most intrusive prompt initially then fading to a less intrusive prompt?
Decreasing assistance
Verbal operants are:
Different purposes of verbal behavior
Asking a learner to give "the one you eat with" is an example of:
Discriminating by function
Which of the following statements is true regarding dressing for the job?
Dress for the environment and follow company dress codes.
When are data typically collected during a discrete trial session?
During the intertrial interval
Transfer trials are used when:
Echoic prompts need to be faded
Which of the following is important to do before starting a group intervention?
Establish a group goal and align individual goals with those of the group
True or False: False reports of abuse and neglect are very common for people with disabilities.
False
True or False: If there is consensual sexual activity between an employee and an individual with IDD, then it is not considered sexual abuse.
False
true or false: practitioners can solicit testimonials from current clients as long as they report on the positive aspects of behavior analysis.
False
Which of the following components of behavioral skill training (BST) was determined to have the most impact on with way intervention was delivered?
Feedback
Active listening involves:
Focusing on the message and not getting too distracted by the details
Which of the following is an example of an advanced level of following directions?
Get the large red and blue cup
When using discrete trials to teach beginning mands, you should:
Hold the reinforcer in sight and use echoic prompts
Which of the following is done before using natural environment teaching with a learner?
Identify activity routines that provide cues for responding
Which of the following is a risk factor for abuse and neglect that is common for people with IDD?
Increased dependency on others for long-term care.
If an RBT is unknowingly assigned to work with a relative, which of the following is the best course of action for the RBT to take?
Inform the supervisor and ask not to work with the client.
Which core domain are you exploring when you ask the question: What kind of feedback does this person get from family and friends?
Interpersonal relationships
Which of the following is true about chaining?
It involves a step-wise progression of similar skills
The term "receptive language" is similar in meaning to the term:
Listener responding
When setting up natural environment teaching (NET) to teach mands, which of the following is the most important:
Make sure that the motivation for reinforcers can be contrived
Which of the following ways of empowering families best supports staff building good relationships with families?
Make your presence reinforcing
Which core domain are you exploring when you ask the question: Does this person have enough money that they can sometimes put some aside for savings?
Material Well-Being
When delivering a naturalistic intervention in public, it is important to:
Minimize attention drawn to prompting or redirection
Which of the following prompt sequences is the preferred one to use in listener responding programs?
Most-to-least
Stimulus control transfer is important for:
Moving artificial prompts to naturally occurring ones
what is true regarding the role of the RBT in the behavior intervention process
RBTs implement behavior intervention plans
Which of the following should you do in order to prepare for a session?
Read the skill acquisition plan and previous data, and gather materials and reinforcers
Which of the following is true in reference to tacts and reinforcement?
Reinforcement is not necessarily specific to the tact
Walter can ride a bicycle and shoot a basketball through a hoop, but he cannot draw a picture of a dog. Which of the skills would you say are in Walter's "behavioral repertoire?"
Riding a bicycle and shooting a basketball through a hoop
When teaching someone to learn to follow simple directions, which target would be among the first to be implemented?
Rolling a ball with a model
In ITT, the format is
SD/Instruction --> response
Which of the following could be a successive approximation for shaping the behavior of "having a conversation"
Saying "hello" to another person
Which of the following types of interventions are RBTs allowed to use?
Scientifically-based behavioral interventions
The fundamental values of the quality-of-life approach are: equality, empowerment, and ______________________.
Self-determination
Which is the most important reason for RBTs to be active listeners?
So they can understand and act on what is delivered in the message
Measuring the rate of initiations and number of teacher prompts would give good data about the student's___________?
Social motivation
What can be said about the uniqueness of people with autism?
They are different from each other.
what is an example of a dual relationship?
Tina and Lois are best friends. Lois is an RBT who works with Tina's son.
Under what circumstance would it be important to provide an echoic training session related to targeted tacts?
To make sure the learner knows how to repeat words and sounds when asked
True or False: People with IDD are more likely to experience abuse and neglect than individuals without IDD.
True
What is the starting question and the most important question in the quality of life approach:
What is important to this individual?
what is an inter observer agreement (IOA)
When 2 data collectors agree on the data collected at the same time during a behavior
What is an example of an exploitive relationship
a clients mother dating his RBT
responding joint attention is when
a person responds to a bid for attention
extinction works by
abruptly stopping reinforcement for problem behavior
replacement behaviors are
acceptable behaviors to teach in place of undesirable behaviors
interval schedules of reinforcement are delivered
after a specified amount of time has elapsed
what is a question to ask yourself to help monitor your interaction with families
am i leaving my shift on time?
Our clients have certain rights and prerogatives that need to be maintained. The client must be provided on request:
an accurate, current set of the practitioner's credentials
initiating joint attention is when
an individual initiates a bid for attention
After a crisis, data should be collected ___________
as soon as possible
what is an example of self-monitoring an interaction with a family member?
asking yourself if you are emotional about the discussion
If a practitioner finds that, due to unforeseen factors, a potentially harmful multiple relationship has arisen, what is recommended?
attempt to resolve with the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with the guidelines
what is one thing you can do while you are working to remember details or events you will document later
carry a notepad around when working to jot down notes to transcribe later
contracting for reinforcement allows a learner to
choose from a large group of reinforcers to access after correct responding
punishment has occurred when the behavior it followed
decreases
fluency of skills is
demonstrated by quick responding at high levels of accuracy
what makes reinforcement more effective
deprivation state, immediacy, adequate size, and contingency
the early start denver model (EDSM) places a large emphasis on
developmental trajectories for intervention
in DTI, a short instruction delivered to the learner is the
discriminative stimulus (SD)
continuous reinforcement schedules are most often used to
establish new behaviors
true or false: turn-taking games do not encourage joint attention
false
The Personal Outcomes Scale is meant to get a more accurate and comprehensive picture of how the people you work with...
feel about their lives.
what reflects treatment by competent personnel
felicity is working with 8 year old Marcus today. she has completed her RBT training and all the company training. she has spent 5 hours shadowing other therapists working with Marcus and has completed 2 successful sessions with him under the observation of the BCBA.
maintaining accurate documentation while dependably providing excellent services requires what from you?
good judgment to strike a balance
what might be a response that follows a discriminative stimulus
hands card to instructor
joint attention skills should targeted for increase for those individuals who
have difficulty responding to cues made by another to attend to joint attention
what best explains why discrete trials are effective with those who have learning difficulties
information is broken down into small parts that are taught systematically and reinforced
in studying problem solving behavior in kittens, thorndike used which term to describe behaviors they displayed to escape an enclosure by pulling a string on a latch
instrumental behavior
A drawback of probe data:
less accurate
why is it so important to always consider human rights and potential for risk of harm when establishing behavior change programs
people who need these programs are often vulnerable and can become victims of mistreatment
how is pointing related to joint attention
pointing at an object is an effort to get another to attend to it
for learners who are new to following directions, what is a good first step
provide a simple request such as "come here", prompt if necessary, and provide a reinforcer
The role of the RBT is to
provide direct support and education with individuals receiving ABA services
what should you do if you are using errorless learning to deliver a trial
provide the most intrusive prompt necessary for correct responding.
skinner used the term operant conditioning to describe
rats pressing a lever to receive food until they were full
punishment is the result fo a stimulus following a behavior that serves to
reduce the behavior
what is a consequence that is likely to result in the increase of a behavior
reinforcement
differential reinforcement works by
reinforcing only the behaviors that should be increased while removing reinforcement from behaviors that should be decreased
behavioral shaping involves
reinforcing successive approximations of a larger behavior
what pivotal skill helps individuals "learn to learn"
responding to multiple cues in the environment
what the learner does after receiving a SD is called a
response or behavior
For documentation to be beneficial it must be?
reviewed
A behavior tech provides a card written on cue for what to say when ordering lunch at a restaurant. as the individual ordering at the restaurant is able to order more independently, the words on the card are reduced. this is an example of
script fading
what is the best way to thin reinforcement
slowly and gradually
why are crisis plans incorporated into some behavior intervention plans
some behaviors cause a risk to the safety of the individual engaging in the behavior or others in the environment
automatic reinforcement is associated most closely with
stereotypic behaviors
if you have an individual who engages in escape behaviors, you should
tailor antecedent interventions to the person you support based on data from the FBA
what is a tip to follow if you become overwhelmed by your work as an RBT?
take a break and breathe
what is an example of negative reinforcement
taking away a chore for making good grades
what is a consequence intervention involving punishment
taking away a token
when larger skills are broken down into teachable steps, this is called:
task analysis
when you receive important phone calls or other forms of communication related to the person you support what should you be sure to document
the date, time, and method of communication, the person with whom you were communicating, and the content of that communication
generalization of skills is achieved when
the learner uses the skill taught in DTI in the natural environment
data are plotted on line graphs according to:
the number of instances of the behavior across time
the UN General Assembly provided a standard for
the rights of all humans
secondary reinforcers become reinforcing after
the secondary reinforcer is associated with other reinforcers
what are three things that work together to ensure the person is living a life that reflects their needs and desires
the service plan, your support of the person based on this plan, and the documentation you support
a disadvantage of bar graphs is:
the variability of data can be lost
the "knowns" serve all of the following purposes, except
they are used to keep reinforcement very thin
what is the best reason why fixated interests can be a problem?
they can distract the person from other activities.
To maintain organization, what choices should you give yourself for every piece of paper you receive or generate?
throw it away, route it to someone else, act on it now, or file it and put it on your master to-do list
what is the purpose of the Community Support Skills Standard (CSSS)
to identify and define the skills needed to support people with disabilities
what is the best reason for conducting a reinforcer assessment before implementing a naturalistic intervention
to know what to have available as reinforcers and possibly intervention materials
why are intermittent reinforcement schedules used
to maintain previously acquired behaviors
why is frequent assessment important when implementing an intervention plan?
to make adjustments as necessary.
in addition to having knowledge of the service plan what are your responsibilities related to it
to provide and document the services you give to the person as outlined in the plan
what is the best way to prevent ratio strain
to thin reinforcement gradually
consequences are
what happens as a result of a behavior
when you document you should attempt to document only
what was observed, not interpretations of what was observed
what data recording method would be best used to measure the time between when a teacher said to start on an assignment and the time the student started it.
latency
fixed ratio schedules are best used for
learning a new behavior
the following is an example of which transfer procedure? SD: Point to the cat R: points to cat SD: what is it. R: says cat
listener response to tact transfer
what can be said about reinforcement used in DTI
reinforcers used in DTI are often unrelated to teaching activities
why is it important to record data as close to the time the behavior actually occurred?
so the data will be more likely to reflect an accurate picture of the behavior
a limited hold is sometimes added to interval reinforcement in order to
speed up the display of the target behavior
what could be a replacement behavior for grabbing or stealing food
teaching the person to ask for food
teaching targets on the written skill acquisition plan:
tell the behavior tech what to present
What can your documentation related to a person's health screenings help to ensure?
that they are receiving the health screenings that are recommended for their sex, age, and medical conditions
the crisis section of the crisis plan includes which of the following
the behaviors and responses to such behaviors
what is ratio strain
the disruption in the display of the behavior when reinforcement is thinned too quickly
Sara is working on social referencing, her teacher says "Sara" while shaking a bottle of bubbles (which she loves!). In response, Sara looks at her teacher. What should happen next in the sequence?
Her teacher should reinforce immediately with bubbles, and say "nice looking."
The purpose of modeling in behavioral skills training (BST) is to:
Show how to implement a procedure
When delivering a discrete trial session, which is the most important reason to minimize distractions in the environment?
So the learner can focus on what they are being asked to do
When teaching learners to begin to use 2-word mands, why is it important that both words are critical to the mand?
So the listener will clearly understand the mand and can act accordingly
Which core domain are you exploring when you ask the question: Does this person have opportunities to get to know the people in their neighborhood and be member of local organizations?
Social inclusion
______ is when target behaviors are broken down into steps.
Task analysis
Strategies for promoting generalization of tacts include:
Teaching different forms of the tact and varying teaching conditions
The first step in Joint Attention is ___________.
Teaching the student to respond to bids of another.
Important legal and social changes started to transform disabilities services in the 1960s, beginning in what larger social movement?
The Civil Rights Movement
Why is saying "What do you want?" a bad idea during initial mand training?
The learner can become dependent on the phrase to produce mands
Which of the following is an advantage of backward chaining:
The learner experiences the culmination of the steps of the chain more quickly
When using a lag schedule of reinforcement for intraverbal training, reinforce after:
The learner provides a correct but different response from the last one
Stimulus discrimination training helps:
The learner to discern what is correct in the presence of an incorrect stimulus
Which of the following best explains the primary purpose of the BACB's Professional and Ethical Compliance code?
The purpose of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code is to provide guidelines for certified and credentialed individuals to follow when they are providing behavior analysis services.
What is one reason it may be difficult for a person with a disability to self-report abuse or maltreatment?
They may fear retaliation for reporting certain individuals who assist them.
Why are shorter verbal messages better for many individuals with autism?
They may have difficulty processing verbal language.
What is true of mandatory reporters?
They must report any alleged or suspected incidents of abuse or neglect, even if they did not witness it.
When behaviors are being maintained, reinforcement schedules move from:
Thick to thin
If a learner's speech is too monotone or sing-songy, what approach can be used to help correct this?
Use echoics to teach proper inflection and pitch
If an RBT puts a picture of herself and the clients she works with on a social media site, she is:
Violating the client's right to confidentiality
what is the difference between primary and secondary reinforcer
a primary reinforcer is one the individual doesn't have to learn to value
what is a red flag for boundary crossing?
accepting the use of a client's beach house for the weekend
Complete this sentence: Documentation and record keeping are important to ensure....
accountability, coordination of care between yourself and other supports and to guide the improvement of services.
type 1 punishment involves
adding a condition to reduce a behavior
in the normal progression in ITT, materials go from being
an orderly to messy array
which part of the 3-term contingency addresses factors that occur before the display of the behaviors
antecedent
_____ are things that set the stage for the behavior, occurring in close proximity to the behavior such as the activity the individual is engaged in, the setting, the people they are around, or the actions of people around them
antecedents
what dimensions of ABA refers to the social importance of problems
applied
Marcia is teaching Denise how to clean a kitchen. She taught her how to rinse dishes and put them in the dishwasher, how to wipe counters, and how to sweep. The process Marcia used to teach how to clean a kitchen is called:
shaping
why would the prompt level necessary to perform the skill be an important part of data collection
skills performed with prompts are not mastered until they're performed without prompts
what skill should NOT be considered when determining which skills to target
skills that are easiest for the instructor to teach
In ABA, which is the best reason why behaviors are targeted for increase
so learners can increase overall skill repertoires
what is the best reason to train parents and caregivers on how to implement naturalistic teaching
so they can help the child acquire the intervention targets quicker
Stimulus equivalence occurs when:
A response is correctly displayed in the presence of a stimulus that has not been trained or reinforced
Which of the following statements is the best way to describe this particular behavioral intervention to a parent of a child receiving the intervention?
After John has written 3 letters of his name, give him a small piece of crunchy cereal.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the role of the RBT in communication with families?
Agencies may have specific guidelines for communicating with families that align with the BACB's Professional and Ethical Compliance Code.
If you take a job working with adults on the autism spectrum but have only worked with children on the autism spectrum, which of the following should you do?
Get training in working with that population.
One way to condition peers as reinforcers and encourage social interaction is to ____________.
Have the child's peer deliver identified reinforcers, rather than the teacher.
Which is the best way to help families prioritize their efforts in working with their child?
Help the family address the most critical issue first
Which of the following statements represents using clear language when discussing intervention progress?
"Joey's hand waving behavior has been reduced by 45% since he started being reinforced for doing other things."
In providing written communication, RBTs should use which of the following?
Observable and measurable terms and descriptions
what functions of behavior involves avoiding a task or interaction
escape
To achieve momentum during a discrete trial session, you must:
Deliver discriminative stimuli (SD) quickly
Mohinder has down syndrome and lives in a group home. Tom, who works at the group home, asks Mohinder to loan him money for lunch, which he then pays back after his next paycheck. Is this abuse, and if so, why?
Yes, it is considered financial abuse because Tom is making personal use of Mohinder's resources.
Who is the first person you should report allegations of abuse and neglect to?
Your agency's designated investigator.
A trend that ascends from left to right means:
a behavior is increasing
mack is a 6 year old boy with autism and intense behavioral needs. His ABA team must make some staff changes. Which of the following scenarios would likely have the least negative impact on Mack
make one staffing change at a time and not change out other staff until the new staff member on the team can work independently and successfully with Mack
if an intrusive intervention such as punishment or physical intervention must be used, it is important to
make sure the client and data are monitored for unintended side effects and rate of progress
what verbal operant is used when a learner requests a cookie
mand
what became a problem after the de-institutionalization movement of the 70s
many of those who resided in institutions became homeless and also were processed through the justice system
One of the main language targets that Milieu teaching addresses is
mean length of utterance (MLU)
errorless teaching uses a _____ to _____ prompt heirarchy.
most/least
what naturalistic technique places a heavy emphasis on teaching verbal operants such as mands, tacts, and intraverbals
naturalistic environmental teaching
What is one way you can help to establish or improve a relationship with a family with whom you are working?
not judge them and listen to their concerns
when RBTs communicate with families they should use:
observable and measurable terms.
the process of defining target behaviors using a precise definition is called:
operationally defining the behavior
what is one benefit to digitizing documents
reduce paper
Marla overslept and was late dropping off her kids at school. That made her late for her work as an RBT at the ABC Autism Center. When she met her first client, Zoe this morning, she did not make her usual silly faces to Zoe that she always does. She was in a hurry to get therapy started. Zoe did not comply when Marla told her to "sit in chair." What is this an example of?
Not leaving your problems at the door
What functions as a natural consequence of most social behaviors?
Peer attention
Motivating operations can exert stimulus control over a behavior by:
Playing a role in the effectiveness of the reinforcer at that point in time
What kind of data is discussed as easier to use with social skills?
Probe data
Certain conditions can contribute to environments that can cause abuse and neglect EXCEPT:
Programs that provide extensive training to their employees.
When families have questions about the impact of ABA on the future of their child, which is the best approach toward answering them?
Provide honest and accurate information about ABA in general and refer to individual data
Which part of behavioral skills training (BST) would this statement most closely match? "First, provide her with a sensory toy."
Providing instructions
What are the steps of behavioral skills training (BST)?
Providing instructions, modeling, role play, and feedback
Ellen is an RBT who works with clients with autism in their homes. Currently, she sees 3 children every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for 2 hours at a time. Each of them lives 15 to 30 miles from each other. By the time she gets to the last child she works with on those days, she is exhausted and doesn't always do as good of a job as she knows she can do. She is offered an opportunity to work with another child who lives 2 miles from the second child she sees those days. What should she do?
Speak with her supervisor about the situation and offer to work with the RBT who can take over therapy for her current third child for those days.
Cici loves to play with blocks but has little interest in being sung to. Her teacher decides to sing to her whenever Cici is playing with blocks so that the songs may also acquire reinforcing properties. This refers to what procedure?
Stimulus-stimulus pairing
Education and training supports are:
Supports that build competence and skill.
Environmental supports are:
Supports that change or adapt specific settings.
In Section 2 of this course, glasses, car seats, service dogs, and standing desks were given as examples of:
Supports used to enhance function
If you witness an abusive situation that is dangerous or life-threatening, what should you do?
Take immediate action to remove anyone in the area from harm and call 911
If you are in a meeting discussing an individual you work with, which of the following is the most important to do?
Take notes and listen attentively
Which best describes a task analysis?
Target behaviors broken down into steps
Which of the following violates the Professional and Compliance Code Element that addresses "disseminating accurate information about behavior analysis":
A brochure that states "ABA can ensure that your child will speak within 3 weeks of starting therapy"
A time delay method for fading prompts would be:
Delay the delivery of prompts and wait for the person to respond
What best describes a situation of disability-specific abuse?
Eric needs assistance transferring onto a toilet, and is sometimes left on the toilet for hours.
What is a physical sign of abuse?
Fingerprints or handprints on the neck, face, arms, or wrist.
How would you know if you have successfully paired yourself as a reinforcer?
If the learner approaches you and the session easily
How does a motivating operation work to increase the effectiveness of mand training?
It makes it more likely that the individual will want the reinforcer and will mand for it
Valuing the attention of others' ability to shift attention between an object/event and person, and capability of recruiting attention are important components of what social skill?
Joint attention
Which two global factors set the stage for problem behavior in those with autism?
Lack of social skills and the expectations of the social world.
the quote "All behavior has a communicative intent" can be best explained by the statement:
behavior always serves a purpose for the person engaging in the behavior
what evidence based practices in ABA helps someone learn a new skill step by step
behavior shaping
john watson used which term to describe the study of behavior
behaviorism
in this training, crisis is defined as
behaviors that risk harm to self, others, or the environment
how does functional communication training (FCT) address problem behavior
by addressing communication skills needed to replace the problem behavior
If the demands of an organization conflict with the BACB's guidelines, practitioners should
clarify the nature of the conflict with their supervisor, make known their commitment to these guidelines and try to resolve the conflict
what can RBTs do in relation to implementing intervention plans
collect data on the effectiveness of the plan
what could ensure that an intervention involving the use of punishment is effective
collecting and reviewing intervention data
When teaching in ITT, the goal is to fade the frequency of reinforcement from a(n) ___________schedule to a(n)__________schedule.
continuous/intermittent
Recently, Mario's tantrums seem to last longer. Which data recording procedure might be the best one to use to determine this?
duration
DTI that is delivery from 25-40 hours a week is called
early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI)
the purpose of using a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement is to
eliminate the predictability of reinforcement
what are the two main functions of behavior
escape and gain
the BACB states that interventions and treatments used by those credentialed or certified by the BACB must be:
evidence-based
what is a behavior reduction procedure
extinction
True or False: people with autism experience the same level of intensity of symptoms
false
true or false: if the child starts engaging in task avoidance because the reinforcement grew too thin, we should bring reinforcement back to a very dense schedule within that sitting
false
true or false: if you have commitments that get in the way of service delivery, it is okay as long as services are not disrupted over 2 weeks, as that is when regression occurs
false
when interacting with and communicating with families, it is important to:
focus on what the person is saying
During the FBA it is observed that the person you support engages in a behavior frequently and often when they are alone. This behavior is probably _________.
for automatic reinforcement
which type of reinforcer assessment involves allowing the learner access to many items at one time and observe what they interact with the most
free operant
what is an example of positive reinforcement
giving someone a compliment for doing good work
which of the following parts of a written skill acquisition plan specifies the long term outcome for learner performance
goal
what is an example of a progressive schedule of reinforcement
reinforcement after the 2nd, then 4th, then 5th behavior
differential reinforcement is a procedure combining what two procedures
reinforcement and extinction
consequence interventions involve
reinforcing desired behaviors and reducing the display of undesirable behavior
what is a behavior
running a race
immediate echolalia is:
saying over and over what was just heard
a behavior tech gave a learner a cue card to use when she needs to ask a question in class. this is the beginning stage of which type of naturalistic intervention
script fading
variables that are in operation before the display of a behavior and are related to the behavior are
setting events
Example of positive punishment
telling someone "no" when they are about to run into the street
what is the best reason for thinning reinforcement
to decrease dependence on the reinforcer in order to demonstrate the behavior
what represents mass trials
touch head, touch head, touch head, touch head
michelle is an RBT who is teaching a mother how to implement a visual schedule for her child. What is michelle doing
training a parent how to implement an intervention
true or false: echoics can be addressed in both discrete trial and naturalistic intervention
true
what are two things you can do to organize and prepare for each day ahead of time
use a to-do list and keep a calendar to review what is up ahead
good record keeping assures that the team is not making decisions based on random impressions but on what
valid information
what replacement behavior might be functionally equivalent to the undesirable behavior of screaming a demand
verbalizing what is wanted
what is the best way to determine how to follow the child's lead during a naturalistic teaching session
watch the child and look for an opportunity to intervene
example of gaze following
watching a car as it zooms around the track
at what point should a behavior reduction plan be considered
when environmental variables for behavior are ruled out
the matching law states
when given a choice between reinforcers, an individual will engage in the behavior that yields the more valuable reinforcer
when should extinction NOT be used
when it could cause harm to the individual or others in the environment
Under what circumstances is it alright not to take data immediately after a behavior occurs
when the demands of the intervention or the behavior of the person precludes taking data immediately
When might not obtaining informed consent, possibly violating confidentiality, be justified?
when there is a significant and immediate health and safety risk to the person you support or to others
when you document, you will want to consider how the information may be used. What else will you want to consider
who will be reading or using it
what is a discontinuous data recording procedure
whole interval recording
why is it important to leave work at work and take breaks
you can slip into bad habits if you don't have a break
why is it important to establish a healthy professional relationship with a client's family
you need to be able to communicate important information back and forth