Refraction and Lenses

What happens when light from the Sun passes through any type of matter? The light slows down. The light speeds up. Most of the light is absorbed. Most of the light is reflected.

The light slows down.

Which statements correctly describe Earth's magnetic field? Check all that apply. Field lines enter Earth near the North Pole. The magnetic pole near Antarctica is a north pole. Compasses point toward a magnetic pole that is a north pole. Field lines circle Earth from east to west. A compass can lead a hiker to the geographic North Pole.

The magnetic pole near Antarctica is a north pole. Field lines enter Earth near the North Pole.

Carla did an experiment by placing a piece of smooth, clear glass and a piece of smooth, black stone under a lamp for twenty minutes. Which prediction will most likely be supported by Carla's experimental results? The glass will feel warmer than the stone after twenty minutes. The stone will feel warmer than the glass after twenty minutes. The glass will reflect all of the light after twenty minutes. The stone will reflect all of the light after twenty minutes.

The stone will feel warmer than the glass after twenty minutes.

The diagram shows a clear plastic lens. A student shines a flashlight on the lens. Which best describes what happens when light rays exit the lens? They are all refracted away from a central axis. They are all refracted toward a central axis. They exit parallel to the path in which they entered. They exit at a slower speed from which they entered.

They are all refracted toward a central axis.

After the 1600s, how did observations of light being refracted change the way most scientists thought about light? They no longer believed that light acted as waves. They began to believe that light acted as waves. They no longer believed that light acted as particles. They began to believe that light acted as particles.

They began to believe that light acted as waves.

Which object is least likely to allow light to pass through it? a pair of eyeglasses a clear water bottle a car windshield a tree trunk

a tree trunk

Where do the three rays in a ray diagram start? at a focal point on the opposite side of the lens at three different points on the object at a focal point on the same side of the lens at a single point on the object

at a single point on the object

Which must be included when drawing ray diagrams? Check all that apply. focal point lens focal length three easy rays axis

focal point lens three easy rays axis

According to Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens, what was light made of? atoms particles waves electrons

waves

Prisms separate ___________light, such as that from the Sun, by wavelength.

white

Use the drop-down menus to complete the sentences. A concave lens is____________ in the middle than at the edges, and causes light rays to _________. A convex lens is ______ in the middle than at the edges, and causes light rays to_________.

thinner, diverge thicker, converge

Joe follows the procedure below to make a compass. 1. Move a magnet from the top of a needle to its point fifty times. 2. Lay the needle on a cork that is floating in a bowl of water. 3. Observe the direction that the needle points. What is the purpose of step 1? to give the needle an electric charge to make the needle sharper to magnetize the needle to flatten the side of the needle

to magnetize the needle

Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence. When a light ray moves from a less dense medium into a denser medium, the light ray is refracted___________the normal.

toward

A(n) _____________ image cannot be projected and forms where light rays appear to originate.

virtual

Danny drew a ray diagram to show the image of a plastic bottle produced by a concave lens. Which describes how the bottle should appear in the diagram? The image of the bottle should appear larger than the actual bottle. The image of the bottle should be upside down compared to the actual bottle. The actual bottle should appear larger than the image of the bottle. The actual bottle should be upside down compared to the image of the bottle.

The actual bottle should appear larger than the image of the bottle.

Laticia draws the diagram below to show Earth's magnetic field. What error did Laticia make? The dashed line should be drawn in the same place as the solid line. The solid line should be drawn in the same place as the dashed line. The arrows to the left of Earth should point down. The arrows to the right of Earth should point up.

The arrows to the right of Earth should point up.

How are the magnetic field lines near the south pole of a magnet affected when a second south pole is brought near it? The field lines combine with the lines around the second south pole. The field lines overlap with the lines from the second south pole. The field lines bend toward the second south pole. The field lines bend away from the second south pole.

The field lines bend away from the second south pole.

Which best describes Earth's magnetic field lines? The field lines go out of Earth near Antarctica, enter Earth in northern Canada, and are aligned with the geographic poles. The field lines go out of Earth near Antarctica, enter Earth in northern Canada, and are not aligned with the geographic poles. The field lines go out of Earth in northern Canada, enter Earth near Antarctica, and are aligned with the geographic poles. The field lines go out of Earth in northern Canada, enter Earth near Antarctica, and are not aligned with the geographic poles.

The field lines go out of Earth near Antarctica, enter Earth in northern Canada, and are not aligned with the geographic poles.

Which statements describe the image produced by a concave lens? Check all that apply. The image is always right-side up. The image is real. The image is larger than the object. The image is upside down. The image is virtual.

The image is always right-side up. The image is virtual.

Which describes an image that can be produced by a concave lens? The image is real and smaller than the object. The image is virtual and larger than the object. The image is virtual and smaller than the object. The image is real and larger than the object.

The image is virtual and smaller than the object.

Use the drop-down menus to identify whether each description represents a convex lens, a concave lens, or both. Has a focal point: Is thicker in the middle than near the edges: Creates only a right-side up image: Causes light rays passing through it to refract:

both convex lens concave lens both

What are the characteristics of a virtual image? Check all that apply. can be projected onto a screen can only be seen while looking through a lens can be captured on camera may appear larger than the object appears to come from behind the lens appears upside down

can only be seen while looking through a lens may appear larger than the object appears to come from behind the lens

Which element is magnetic? calcium chromium carbon cobalt

cobalt

When parallel light rays exit a concave lens, the light rays_____________.

diverge

In an illustration, lines of force are drawn around a magnet to illustrate the magnetic __________.

field

Jolie builds a model of a maglev train. She uses disc magnets to levitate the train. A disc magnet has its north and south poles on its faces, as shown. What is the best way to arrange the magnets on the train and on the track so that the model train levitates? flat, so that the north pole of each magnet on the train points up and the north pole of each magnet on the track points up flat, so that the north pole of the magnets on the train point up and the north poles of the magnets on the track point down on edge, so that the north poles of the magnets on the train point to the front and the north poles of the magnets on the track point toward the rear on edge, so that the north pole of each magnet on the train and on the track point toward the rear of the train

flat, so that the north pole of the magnets on the train point up and the north poles of the magnets on the track point down

Green plants need light in order to survive. Structures in the leaves absorb light, which in turn, helps plants make their own food. Under which color of light will plants be least likely to make food? red blue orange green

green

Which color of white light bends the most when it is refracted by a prism? red green yellow orange

green

Mr. Garcia uses magnets to hold a poster on a steel filing cabinet because a main component of steel is___________.

iron

Mateo drew the field lines around the ends of two bar magnets but forgot to label the direction of the lines with arrows. In which direction should an arrow at position 1 point? left right up down

left

An object that is made of which material is likely to be attracted to a magnet? nitrogen nickel paper plastic

nickel

Which lenses are convex? Check all that apply. 1 2 3 4 5 6

1 2 3 6

A bar magnet is cut in half, as shown. Which shows the pieces after the magnet is cut?

1st one

Two bar magnets are hung from metal rods and held in the position shown below. The magnets are released and swing freely. Which diagram best predicts their final position?

3rd one

Sayid listed some characteristics of waves in a chart. Part of his chart is shown. Which of these would correct Sayid's error? Change the heading of the chart to "Mechanical." Replace "travel in straight lines" with "move in curved paths." Add "move due to particles bumping into each other" to the chart. Change "move only through matter" to "move through space and matter."

Change "move only through matter" to "move through space and matter."

Different kinds of lenses are used in eyeglasses to help people with eye conditions. Farsightedness is an eye condition in which distant objects appear clear but close objects appear blurry. Nearsightedness is an eye condition in which close objects appear clear but distant objects appear blurry. Which best describes the type of lens that would help someone with one of these eye conditions? Concave lenses would help someone who is nearsighted because the lenses make objects look smaller and closer. Concave lenses would help someone who is farsighted because the lenses make objects look smaller and closer. Convex lenses would help someone who is nearsighted because the lenses can make objects look smaller and closer. Convex lenses would help someone who is nearsighted because the lenses can make objects look larger and farther away.

Concave lenses would help someone who is nearsighted because the lenses make objects look smaller and closer.

In the diagram, the shape of the lens is _______ and the image is _______.

Concave, Virtual

Complete each sentence with the correct type of lens. the image formed by a ________ lens may be real or virtual. The image formed by a ____________lens is always virtual.

Convex Concave

The picture shows rays passing through an unknown lens. Which ray would appear on a ray diagram for both a concave lens and a convex lens? A B C D

D

Use the drop down-menus to complete the sentences. When parallel light rays exit a concave lens, they___________. When parallel light rays exit a convex lens, they___________.

Diverge Converge

Zaccharias Janssen was a scientist who studied properties of light and invented one of the first compound microscopes in the late 1500s. Which property did Janssen most likelybelieve about light during the time of his invention? Light bends around objects. Light bounces off surfaces. Light travels in a curved path. Light is made up of waves.

Light bounces off surfaces.

Why does green light slow down more than orange light does when passing through an object? Green light has longer wavelengths than orange light. Green light has fewer particles than orange light. Green light refracts less than orange light. Green light has a higher frequency than orange light.

Green light has a higher frequency than orange light.

Olaf takes a picture of his dog using a digital camera. Which is true regarding the image of the dog detected by sensors in the camera? It forms where light rays coming from the dog converge. It can only be seen from the same side of the lens as the dog. It forms where light rays coming from the camera spread apart. It can only be seen when the camera lens is very close to the dog.

It forms where light rays coming from the dog converge.

Samantha is viewing a real image formed by a lens of a diamond ring. Which must be true about the image? It could not be captured on film. It is larger than the actual ring. It was formed by a concave lens. It is upside down.

It is upside down.

Which best describes what happens when light traveling through air enters water at an angle? It moves along straight lines in air and changes direction when it enters water. It moves in a curve in air and moves in straight lines when it enters water. It moves along straight lines in air and continues along the same lines when it enters water. It moves in a curve in air and continues moving in the same curve when it enters water.

It moves along straight lines in air and changes direction when it enters water.

When all else remains the same, what effect would decreasing the focal length have on a convex lens? It would cause the lens to produce only real images. It would cause the lens to produce only virtual images. It would make the lens stronger. It would make the lens weaker.

It would make the lens stronger.

Which example best illustrates that light behaves like particles? Light bends as it strikes a window. Light bounces off a white cement sidewalk. Light travels in space at a speed of about 3.0 x 108 m/s. Light increases in speed as it moves through matter.

Light bounces off a white cement sidewalk.

Cleo stated that light travels through air in straight paths, and when it moves from air to water, light changes direction, speeds up, and bends toward the normal. Which statement best describes Cleo's mistake? Light travels through air and water in angled, scattered paths. Light does not change direction when it moves from air into water. Light slows down when it moves from air into water. Light bends away from the normal when it moves from air into water.

Light slows down when it moves from air into water.

Which statement describes a property of magnets? Magnets repel objects that are made of iron. Magnets attract sheets of paper. Magnets attract or repel iron nails. Magnets attract or repel other magnets.

Magnets attract or repel other magnets.

Which statement best explains a difference between the interaction of light with clear glass and the interaction of light with silver metal? Light slows down when it interacts with glass but not when it interacts with metal. Light slows down when it interacts with metal but not when it interacts with glass. Most of the light passes through glass but none of the light passes through metal. Most of the light is absorbed by glass but none of the light is absorbed by metal.

Most of the light passes through glass but none of the light passes through metal.

Akio draws the ray diagram shown. Which best explains how to correct Akio's mistake? Change the lens so it appears convex instead of concave. Move the small car so it appears on the left side of the lens. Make the small car much larger than the other car. Draw the top ray so that it passes through the focal point on the right.

Move the small car so it appears on the left side of the lens.

Isaac Newton believed that light was made of:

Particles

When light bends around an object, the light is__________.

Refracted

Which statements about Earth's core help explain Earth's magnetic field? Check all that apply. Earth's core is composed of magnets. The inner core is solid. The outer core is solid. The inner core is liquid and moving. The outer core is liquid and moving. Earth's core is composed of iron and nickel.

The inner core is solid. The outer core is liquid and moving. Earth's core is composed of iron and nickel.

A compass taken to Earth's moon does not point in a specific direction on the moon. What is the most likely reason for the difference between how the compass works on Earth and on the moon? The moon lacks an atmosphere. The moon contains no rocks that have iron. The moon does not have a liquid core. The moon has no bodies of water.

The moon does not have a liquid core.

Jill uses a magnet to pick up a nail. Then, she touches the nail to a paper clip and picks up the paper clip. What will most likely happen when she pulls the magnet away from the nail? The paper clip will stay attached to the nail because the nail is now a permanent magnet. The paper clip will stay attached to the nail because the paper clip is now a permanent magnet. The paper clip will fall off of the nail because the nail was only a temporary magnet. The paper clip will fall off of the nail because the nail is now magnetized in the opposite direction.

The paper clip will fall off of the nail because the nail was only a temporary magnet.

Roshan makes the table below to describe how to draw a ray diagram for a convex lens. What error did Roshan make? The ray that goes through the center should bend and go through the focal point on the other side. The ray that starts out parallel with the main axis should bend toward the axis and go through the focal point on the other side. The ray that goes parallel to the main axis after passing through the lens should also be parallel from the object to the lens. The rays in the table describe how rays are drawn for a concave lens rather than for a convex lens.

The ray that starts out parallel with the main axis should bend toward the axis and go through the focal point on the other side.

Which statement correctly compares the speed of light? The speed of light through space is much greater than 3 x 108 m/s. The speed of light in glass is much greater than 3 x 108 m/s. The speed of light in glass is faster than the speed of light through space. The speed of light in glass is slower than the speed of light through space.

The speed of light in glass is slower than the speed of light through space.

Franny drew a diagram to compare images produced by concave and convex lenses. Which belongs in the area marked X? Real Virtual Larger than object Upside down

Virtual

The diagram shows an image produced by a lens. At which point does the image appear? W X Y Z

X

Juan created a chart to help him study for a test. Which headings best complete the chart? X: Transparent Objects, Y: Opaque Objects X: Opaque Objects, Y: Transparent Objects X: High Frequency Waves, Y: Low Frequency Waves X: Low Frequency Waves, Y: High Frequency Waves

X: Opaque Objects, Y: Transparent Objects

The diagram shows the field lines near the poles, X and Y, of two magnets. Based on the field lines, what are the poles of the magnets? X: north , Y: south X: south, Y: north X: north, Y: north X: south , Y: south

X: north, Y: north

The chart shows the densities of four substances. Which list shows the order in which white light passes through these substances, from fastest to slowest? Z, Y, X, W W, X, Y, Z W, X, Z, Y Y, X, Z, W

Y, X, Z, W

A bar magnet and a second object are hung from metal rods. The diagram below shows what happens when both objects are released. Which best describes the object on the right? an iron bar a steel bar a bar magnet with its north pole on the left a bar magnet with its south pole on the left

a bar magnet with its south pole on the left

Which object absorbs the most visible light? a clear bowl a white rock a black t-shirt a red apple

a black t-shirt

Which of these will reflect light with the highest frequency? an orange basketball a blue candle a green ribbon a yellow banana

a blue candle

The diagram shows light interacting with an object. Which object is the light most likely striking? a window a mirror a plaster wall a steel beam

a window

Where is the focal point for a concave lens located? in the center of the lens on the same side of the lens as the light source or object on the opposite side of the lens from the light source or object

on the same side of the lens as the light source or object

The ends of a magnet where the forces are the strongest are called magnetic____________.

poles

The object shown is made of glass. What is it called? convex lens pyramid prism concave lens

prism

Which diagram shows a light ray moving from a more dense into a less dense medium? The first one When white light is refracted by a prism, which color of light is bent the least? red yellow green

red

Lisa sees the image below as she researches the behavior of light. Which behavior is the spoon in the top image most likely being used to illustrate? refraction absorption reflection bounce

refraction

Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence. Compared to the speed of light in air, the speed of light in water is____________.

slower

How can the image be described? Check all that apply. smaller than the object real right-side up larger than the object upside down virtual

smaller than the object real upside down