Religion IV: Chapter 2: Judaism
Dead Sea Scrolls
Between 1947 and 1956 thousand fragments of biblical and early Jewish documents were discovered in eleven caves near the site Khirbet Qumran on the shores of the Dead Sea. These important texts have revolutionized our understanding of the way the Bible was transmitted and have illuminated the general cultural and religious background of ancient Palestine, out of which Rabbinic Judaism and Christianity arouse.
Pesach
Celebrating the Hebrews freedom from Egyptian slavery when the angel of death "passed over" the houses of the Hebrews that were marked with blood from a lamb.
Sukkot begins five days after Yom Kippur and lasts for how many days?
Eight days
Pesach retells the story of the ______________.
Exodus
Halakhic
From Hebrew meaning "way," Jewish law that covers all aspects of the life of an individual and of the community.
Hasidism
From the Hebrew meaning "pious," a movement within Judaism founded in eighteenth-century Poland where pious devotion God is as important as study of Torah.
Kosher
From the Hebrew word kaser, meaning "proper." Commonly, it refers to food permitted by Jewish dietary laws. Jews observe kosher laws to remind themselves that they are to be a holy and separate people.
Zionism
From the name Zion (the historic land of Israel), it is the movement with origins in the nineteenth that sought to restore a Jewish homeland in Palestine in response to anti-semitism.
What are the books of the Torah?
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Idolotry
Giving worship to something or someone other than the one, true God.
Synagogue
Greek word meaning "Place of assembly" outside of one's homeland
Rabbi
Hebrew for "My Master" or "My Teacher." A rabbi became known as someone who authorized to teach and judge in matters of Jewish law.
Shoah
Hebrew for "calamity," it refers to the mass murder of Jews by the Nazis during World War II.
What is the purpose of the Talmund?
Inspires and guides jews in their religious life.
Shabbat
Jewish Sabbath
Hanukkah celebrates one of the great military victories in what?
Jewish history
Synagogue's are sacred to who?
Jews
Why are the Laws to the Temple or criminal proceedings no longer observed?
Laws pertaining to the Temple or to criminal proceedings can no longer be observed because both the Temple and the ancient style of government no longer exist.
Mezuzah
Meaning "doorpost," a small parchment containing Jewish scripture, usually the Sh'ama, that placed in a case on or near the right doorframe at the home of an observant Jew.
Yom Kippur
Means "Day of Atonement"
Sukkot
Means "booths"
Judaism dates back to who?
Moses
Name some examples of Hebrew writings.
Psalm, Proverb, Job, Ruth, Esther, and Chronicles
Who are the religious leaders of Judaism?
Rabbis
Jewish calendar begins when?
Rosh Hashanah
Monotheistic
Subscribing the doctrine or belief that there is only one God.
Three major elements of the marriage ritual include what?
The Chuppah, the blessings, and the breaking of the glass
Hellenization
The adoption of Greek ways and speech as happened in the case of Jews living in the Diaspora.
Bimah
The elevated platform in a Jewish synagogue where the person reading aloud from the Torah stands during the service.
Holy of Holies
The sanctuary inside the tabernacle in the Temple of Jerusalem where the Ark of the Covenant was kept.
Midrash
The type of biblical interpretation fund in rabbinic literature, especially the Talmunds. Midrash assumes that the scriptures provide answers for every situation and every question life.
Sukkot is a festival during the what?
Tishri Cycle
The central source for how to live is the what?
Torah
Three divisions of the Hebrew Bible include what?
Torah, Prophets, Writings
A synagogue was a House of Prayer (where Jews address God), a House of Study (where Jews study the Torah), and a House of Assembly (where Jews meet socially). True/False?
True
At birth, circumcision takes place eight days after birth. True/False?
True
Pesach is known as passover. True/False?
True
Shabbat is celebrated from sunset Friday until sunset Saturday. True/False?
True
The Greek influence caused the Hebrew scriptures to be translated. True/False?
True
The very land of Israel-more than its political entity-along with its holy city Jerusalem remain significant to the spiritual life of Jews worldwide. True/False?
True
There are 613 commandments. True/False?
True
For Jews, funerals take place as soon as possible, often within how many hours?
Twenty-four hours
Talmund
Two collections of Jewish religious literature that are commentaries on the Mishnah, the Hebrew code of laws that emerged about 200 CE.
The chuppah is the what?
Wedding canopy
Torah
Word meaning "law" or "instruction"
What is the difference between a religious Jew vs. an ethnic Jew?
A religious Jew practices Judaism. An ethnic Jew may or may not practice Judaism.
Havdalash
A religious ceremony ends the shabbat over Kosher wine or Kosher grape juice.
Ark
A repository traditionally in or against the wall of the synagogue for the scrolls of the Torah.
The Torah is kept in the _____________.
Ark
Covenant
A binding and solemn agreement between human beings or between God, and his people, holding each particular course of action
Menorah
A candelabra with seven or nine lights that is used Jewish worship
Mitzvot
A commandment of the Jewish law
Yom Kippur is known as the what?
"Days of awe"
Hanukkah is he what?
"Festival of Lights"
Coming of Age
A Jewish child becomes a mature individual, responsible for keeping the Torah.
