reproduction

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has just learned that she is pregnant. Which of the following would the nurse identify as being least likely to indicate a need for a genetic evaluation referral? Age 33 years at expected delivery Sister with intellectual disability History of epilepsy Three previous unexplained miscarriages

Age 33 years at expected delivery

The nurse is preparing a prenatal seminar for young mothers. Which type of information should the nurse gather to ensure success of the program? Who will be accompanying the mother Approximate education level of the participants Names of each of the participants Incomes of each of the participants

Approximate education level of the participants

During which time is the nurse correct to document the end of the third stage of labor? Following fetal birth When pushing begins At the time of placental delivery When the mother is moved to the postpartum unit

At the time of placental delivery

During the menstrual cycle, when does ovulation typically take place? On day 14 On day 1 of a new cycle When sperm is present From days 15 to 28

On day 14

Dinoprostone can be used to terminate a pregnancy after 20 weeks. True False

false

The client in active labor overhears the nurse state the fetus is ROA. The nurse should explain this refers to which component when the client becomes concerned? Fetal station Fetal attitude Fetal position Fetal size

fetal position

The nurse would monitor clients with which conditions for fetal demise? Select all that apply. hydramnios multifetal gestation prolonged pregnancy malpresentation hypertension

prolonged pregnancy hypertension

After assessing a woman who has come to the clinic, the nurse suspects that the woman is experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding. Which statement by the client would support the nurse's suspicions? "I've been having bleeding off and on that's irregular and sometimes heavy." "I get sharp pain in my lower abdomen usually starting soon after my period comes." "I get really irritable and moody about a week before my period." "My periods have been unusually long and heavy lately with a lot of bleeding."

"I've been having bleeding off and on that's irregular and sometimes heavy."

Cystic fibrosis is an example of which type of inheritance? autosomal dominant autosomal recessive X-linked recessive multifactorial

autosomal recessive

After an examination, a client has been determined to have an unruptured ectopic pregnancy. Which medication would the nurse anticipate being prescribed? methotrexate oxytocin promethazine ondansetron

methotrexate Explanation: Methotrexate, a folic acid antagonist that inhibits cell division in the developing embryo, is most commonly used to treat ectopic pregnancy. Oxytocin is used to stimulate uterine contractions and would be inappropriate for use with an ectopic pregnancy. Promethazine and ondansetron are antiemetics that may be used to treat hyperemesis gravidarum.

Which family member would be restricted from the room of an infant receiving ribavirin? Any pregnant female Any sibling under 18 years of age Anyone who is immunocompromised Anyone over the age of 65

any pregnant female

The nurse is assessing a client who believes she is pregnant. The nurse points out a more definitive assessment is necessary due to which sign being considered a probable sign of pregnancy? Fatigue Amenorrhea Positive home pregnancy test Nausea and vomiting

Positive home pregnancy test Explanation: A urine pregnancy test is considered a probable sign of pregnancy as the hCG may be from another source other than pregnancy. Fatigue, amenorrhea, and vomiting are presumptive or possible signs of pregnancy and can also have other causes.

While teaching a sex education class to a group of preadolescents, the school nurse explains that human growth and development begins at which of the following events? When intercourse takes place When ovum is fertilized by sperm When ovum implants in the uterus When ovulation occurs in the female

When ovum is fertilized by sperm

The nurse is teaching a class to pregnant adolescents and young adults. What does the nurse explain is the most important reason for breastfeeding instead of bottle feeding? breastfeeding is cheaper than bottle feeding breastfeeding provides protection against infections breastfeeding promotes closeness with the neonate breastfeeding is easier to do during the night

breastfeeding provides protection against infections

The coach of a client in labor is holding the client's hand and appears to be intentionally applying pressure to the space between the first finger and thumb on the back of the hand. The nurse recognizes this as which form of therapy? acupressure acupuncture effleurage biofeedback

acupressure

A nurse is conducting an in-service education program about the female reproductive cycle for a group of nurses working at a women's health clinic. When describing the phases of the endometrial cycle, the nurse would explain that the proliferative phase of the endometrial cycle corresponds to which phase in the ovarian cycle? follicular secretory ischemic menstrual

follicular

The pregnant young adult asks the nurse when she will be able to hear the fetal heart beat. Which is the nurse's best response? "At your 12-week appointment, you will be able to hear the heart beat by Doppler." "Let's see if we can hear the heart beat today at 8-weeks-gestation." "You will not be able to hear the heart beat until halfway through your pregnancy." "Only the health care provider is able to hear the fetal heart beat until late in the pregnancy."

"At your 12-week appointment, you will be able to hear the heart beat by Doppler."

Which statement would be most appropriate when explaining endometriosis as a cause of a woman's infertility? "Ovulation does take place; however, the misplaced endometrial tissue interferes with transport of the ovum." "Your uterine cervix fails to close because it is engorged with tissue." "Menstrual sloughing does not occur, so there is never a new base for embryo growth." "You do not ovulate because of endometrial implants on the ovaries."

"Ovulation does take place; however, the misplaced endometrial tissue interferes with transport of the ovum."

A 38-year-old woman comes into the obstetrician's office for prenatal care, stating that she is about 12 weeks pregnant with her first child. What questions would the nurse ask this client, considering her age and potential sensitivity to being labeled an "older" primipara? Inquire about any family history of chromosomal abnormalities since older women are more likely to have infants with a chromosomal defect. Be non-judgmental in your history gathering and offer her pregnancy resources to read and explore. Offer genetic counseling and an early amniocentesis to determine if termination is needed. Ask the mother if she has any chronic illnesses that the doctor needs to know about due to her being older.

Be non-judgmental in your history gathering and offer her pregnancy resources to read and explore.

A woman in her 20s has experienced a miscarriage at 10 weeks' gestation and asks the nurse at the hospital what went wrong. She is concerned that she did something that caused her to lose her baby. The nurse can reassure the woman by explaining that the most common cause of spontaneous miscarriage in the first trimester is related to which factor? Exposure to chemicals or radiation Advanced maternal age Chromosomal defects in the fetus Faulty implantation

Chromosomal defects in the fetus Explanation: Fetal factors are the most common cause of early miscarriages, with chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus being the most common reason. This client fits the criteria for early miscarriage since she was only 10 weeks pregnant and early miscarriage occurs before 12 weeks.

A nurse is collecting data during an admission assessment of a client who is pregnant with twins. The client has a 4-year-old child who was delivered at 38 weeks' gestation and tells the nurse that she does have a history of a miscarriage within the first trimester. The nurse is correct to document the history as: G = 4, T = 2, P = 0, A = 0, L = 1 G = 3, T = 1, P = 0, A = 1, L = 1 G = 1, T = 1, P = 1, A = 0, L = 1 G = 2, T = 0, P = 0, A = 0, L = 1

G = 3, T = 1, P = 0, A = 1, L = 1

The nurse is reviewing the functions of the ovaries, uterus, clitoris, and vagina with a group of nursing students. What would be the best response by a nursing student about the function of the uterus? It produces female gametes or ova and secretes female sex hormones. It receives the fertilized ovum and provides housing and nourishment for a fetus. It receives sperm, provides an exit for menstrual flow, and serves as the birth canal. It is a small erectile structure that responds to sexual stimulation.

It receives the fertilized ovum and provides housing and nourishment for a fetus.

The nursing instructor is preparing a class presentation covering the various hormones and their functions during pregnancy. The instructor determines the class is successful when the class correctly matches which function with hCG? provides rich blood supply to decidua maintains nutrient-rich decidua continues progesterone production by corpus luteum sustains life of placenta

continues progesterone production by corpus luteum

When counseling the young adult considering pregnancy, what does the nurse teach the client about nutrition? foods high in folic acid help to prevent neural tube defects adding salt to foods will make you gain too much weight you need to start eating for two so the fetus will have enough nutrients eating fast foods once a day is okay during pregnancy

foods high in folic acid help to prevent neural tube defects

A client in her fifth month of pregnancy is having a routine clinic visit. The nurse should assess the client for which common second trimester condition? mastitis metabolic alkalosis physiological anemia respiratory acidosis

physiological anemia Explanation: Hemoglobin level and hematocrit decrease during pregnancy as the increase in plasma volume exceeds the increase in red blood cell production. Mastitis is an infection in the breast characterized by a swollen tender breast and flu-like symptoms. This condition is most commonly seen in breastfeeding clients. Alterations in acid-base balance during pregnancy result in a state of respiratory alkalosis, compensated by mild metabolic acidosis.

The nurse is assessing a primigravida woman at a routine prenatal visit. Which assessment finding is reinforcing to the client that she is definitely pregnant? continued amenorrhea positive hCG blood result uterine growth ultrasound picture of her fetus

ultrasound picture of her fetus

A laboring mother asks the nurse if the baby will have immunity to some illnesses when born. What type of immunity does the nurse understand that the newborn will have? Naturally acquired active immunity Artificially acquired active immunity Passive immunity transferred by the mother There is no immunity passed down from mother to child.

Passive immunity transferred by the mother

A nursing student correctly identifies the most desirable position to promote an easy birth as which position? breech occiput anterior face and brow shoulder dystocia

occiput anterior Explanation: Any presentation other than occiput anterior or a slight variation of the fetal position or size increases the probability of dystocia.

A nurse is caring for a premenopausal client who had precancerous cells found during a routine Papanicolaou (Pap) test. At which time during the menstrual cycle would the nurse schedule a cervical biopsy? one week after the end of the menstrual period immediately before the menstrual period begins during ovulation at the end of the menstrual period

one week after the end of the menstrual period

A nurse is assessing a woman who gave birth vaginally approximately 24 hours ago. Which finding would the nurse report to the primary care provider immediately? oral temperature 100.8° F (38.2° C) pulse rate 75 beats per minute respiratory rate 16 breaths/minute uterine fundus 1 cm below umbilicus

oral temperature 100.8° F (38.2° C)

A pregnant woman undergoing amniocentesis asks her nurse why the baby needs this fluid. What would be an accurate response from the nurse? "Amniotic fluid cushions your baby to prevent injury." "Amniotic fluid provides fetal blood circulation." "Amniotic fluid supplies the food your baby needs to grow." "Amniotic fluid keeps the fetus from moving freely inside it to prevent injury."

"Amniotic fluid cushions your baby to prevent injury."

Amanda is about 16 weeks pregnant and is concerned because she feels her "abdomen" contracting. She calls the primary care provider's office and speaks to the nurse. What is the nurse's most appropriate response to Amanda's concern? "What you are feeling are called Braxton Hicks contractions. They are considered practice contractions during pregnancy." "You need to go to the emergency room right away." "You need to come to the office to be examined." "You have nothing to be concerned about. I am sure you are not feeling contractions at this point in your pregnancy."

"What you are feeling are called Braxton Hicks contractions. They are considered practice contractions during pregnancy."

The nurse assesses a 20-week gestational client at a routine prenatal visit. What will the nurse predict the fundal height to be on this client experiencing an uneventful pregnancy? 24 cm 12 cm 16 cm 20 cm

20 cm

A number of responses occur in the body to the release of neurohormones when the body encounters stress, including: increase in appetite. decreased cerebral blood flow. decrease in awareness. inhibition of reproductive function.

inhibition of reproductive function.

Which measure would the nurse include in the plan of care for a woman with premature rupture of membranes if her fetus's lungs are mature? reduction in physical activity level observation for signs of infection administration of corticosteroids labor induction

labor induction

At which point is the treatment (RhoGAM) for the hemolytic disease of the newborn finished? During the prenatal period Immediately before delivery During the postpartum period It is no longer needed after the first pregnancy.

During the postpartum period

A client who has just given birth is concerned about the high rate of infant mortality in the United States. She is anxious about the health of her child and wants to know ways to keep her baby healthy. Which recommendation would best meet this goal? Place the infant on his or her back to sleep. Breast-feed the infant. Begin feeding of solids by age 4 months. Give the infant liquid vitamins daily.

Breast-feed the infant.

A female client severely reduced her body fat through extreme caloric restriction and exercise. Which reproductive abnormalities could she acquire as a result of the reduction in body fat? Delay or cessation of menstruation Higher risk of fibrocystic breast disease Polycystic ovarian syndrome Small breasts

Delay or cessation of menstruation

The nurse is monitoring a client in the first stage of labor. The nurse determines the client's uterine contractions are effective and progressing well based on which finding? Engagement of fetus Dilation of cervix Rupture of amniotic membranes Bloody show

Dilation of cervix

A patient asks the nurse if there are any available nonsurgical options to terminate a pregnancy if she is only 2 weeks pregnant. What information should the nurse provide to the patient about a medication that blocks progesterone? Mifepristone (RU-486, Mifeprex) is used only in early pregnancy to terminate a pregnancy nonsurgically. Methotrexate is used only in early pregnancy to terminate a pregnancy nonsurgically. Clomiphene (Clomid) is used only in early pregnancy to terminate a pregnancy nonsurgically. Birth control pills can be used to terminate the pregnancy.

Mifepristone (RU-486, Mifeprex) is used only in early pregnancy to terminate a pregnancy nonsurgically.

When assessing the uterus of a 2-day postpartum client, which finding would the nurse evaluate as normal? a scant amount of lochia alba a moderate amount of lochia alba a moderate amount of lochia rubra a scant amount of lochia serosa

a moderate amount of lochia rubra

The student nurse is learning about normal labor. The teacher reviews the cardinal movements of labor and determines the instruction has been effective when the student correctly states the order of the cardinal movements as follows: internal rotation, flexion, descent, extension, external rotation, expulsion. descent, flexion, external rotation, extension, internal rotation, expulsion. descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation, expulsion. internal rotation, flexion, descent, extension, external rotation, expulsion.

descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation, expulsion.

Which statement best expresses the role of the corpus luteum? The corpus luteum promotes the increased production of estrogen before ovulation. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone to promote the preparation of the endometrium for implantation. During the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes glycogen. Increasing amounts of cervical mucus are produced as a result of the luteinizing hormone produced by the corpus luteum.

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone to promote the preparation of the endometrium for implantation.

A nurse is inspecting the perineal pad of a client who gave birth vaginally to a healthy newborn 6 hours ago. The nurse observes a 5-inch stain of lochia on the pad. The nurse would document this as: scant. light. moderate. heavy.

moderate. Explanation: Typically, the amount of lochia is described as follows: scant-a 1- to 2-inch lochia stain on the perineal pad or approximately a 10-mL loss; light or small- an approximately 4-inch stain or a 10- to 25-mL loss; moderate- a 4- to 6-inch stain with an estimated loss of 25 to 50 mL; and large or heavy-a pad is saturated within 1 hour after changing it.

When caring for a client requiring a forceps-assisted birth, the nurse would be alert for: increased risk for uterine rupture. potential lacerations and bleeding. increased risk for cord entanglement. damage to the maternal tissues.

potential lacerations and bleeding. Explanation: Forcible rotation of the forceps can cause potential lacerations and bleeding. Cervical ripening increases the risk for uterine rupture in a client attempting vaginal birth after undergoing at least one previous cesarean birth. There is an increased risk for cord entanglement in multiple pregnancies. Damage to the maternal tissues happens if the cup slips off the fetal head and the suction is not released.

The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed medication to the pregnant client. Which order should the nurse question? Penicillin Rubella Acetaminophen Folic acid

rubella

The nurse is caring for a client who has been in labor for the past 8 hours. The nurse determines that the client has transitioned into the second stage of labor based on which sign? Emotions are calm and happy. Frequency of contractions are 5 to 6 minutes. Fetus is at -1 station. The urge to push occurs.

the urge to push occurs