Reproductive System (female)

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fimbria

function: sweeps egg into fallopian tubes

ovum/ova

matured egg cell(s)

vagina

organ for sexual intercourse; also called the birth canal

hymen

a thin layer of tissue that partially or wholly covers the entrance of the vagina(not always present)

birth canal

another term for vagina

natural birth

baby pushed out through birth canal

caesarian section

baby removed from uterus via surgery

estrogen

causes hips to widen and breasts to grow

menstrual cycle

days 1-4~menstrual discharge; days 5-13~developing egg; days 14-15~ovulation occurs; days 16-22~egg moves through fallopian tube, uterus lining thickens; days 23-28~unfertilized egg enters uterus-------an approximately 28-day cycle that prepares the female body for pregnancy

cervix

dilates during labor to let the baby out of the womb; common site of cancer

unfertilized egg

dissolves

umbilical cord

grows between placenta and baby, provides baby with oxygen and nutrients

placenta

grows from outer edges of embryo, connects embryo to uterine wall, filters nutrients and waste between mother and baby

labia

liplike fatty tissue that surrounds the opening of the vagina and urethra

signs of pregnancy

missed period, vomiting, breast tenderness/fullness, nausea, urination, tiredness, changes in appetite

egg release

once a month; called ovulation

identical twins

one egg and one sperm; zygote divides/separates into two identical cells

path of egg

ovary-->fallopian tube-->uterus; if not fertilized, then the path is as follows: ovary-->fallopian tube-->uterus-->cervix-->vagina

pregnancy

period of time between conception and birth; measured in trimesters(3 month periods) starting from first day of last menstrual period; usually lasts 9 months or 40 weeks

uterus

place where baby grows; also known as the womb

uterine lining

place where fertilized egg attaches to in uterus, and egg absorbs nutrients from the lining; prepares each month to receive a fertilized egg

menstruation

process in which extra blood/tissue leaves vagina; also called a period; lasts on average four to six days

Ovaries

produce female sex hormones(estrogen and progesterone), and eggs

clitoris

small knob of erectile tissue located above the urethra

stages of development

step 1: zygote forms at conception step 2: zygote divides into multi-celled mass called an embryo step 3: embryo implants itself into uterine lining(burrows beneath surface) step 4: embryo becomes a fetus(after about two months)

vulva

term that collectively describes all of the external genitalia

ovulation

term that describes the release of the mature egg from the ovary

conception

the process of becoming pregnant including fertilization; starts with two tiny cells(egg and sperm)

# of eggs

there are 400,000 eggs in teenage girls; only 500 ever actually leave

amniotic sac

thin but strong fluid-filled membrane that cushions and protects fetus and regulates temperature

fraternal twins

two eggs and one sperm

female system

two roles: producing eggs and nourishing a developing baby until birth

afterbirth

umbilical cord stops working, and is cut and clamped; placenta detaches from side of uterus, gets pushed out

signs of labor

water breaks=amniotic sac bursts, fluid released through vaginal gland; contractions=uterine muscles give cramping feelings as cervix starts dilating

fertilization

when a sperm cell meets an egg cell

fallopian tubes

where egg gets fertilized by sperm cell; transports egg to uterus


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