Research Final Exam

Descriptive statistics should be reported in every study to: Question 40 options: determine validity indicate reliability provide a powerful analysis of data show the sample characteristics

show the sample characteristics

One criterion not usually found in participant selection in qualitative studies is: Ability to communicate effectively. Differing perspectives on the phenomenon being studied. Random selection of participants. Experience with the phenomenon being studied.

Random selection is a characteristic of sampling selection for quantitative research.

An implicit framework is a set of theoretical ideas that are nebulous and vaguely expressed linkages among variables found in previous studies ideas expressed in the introduction or literature review concepts expressed in concrete terms

theoretical ideas that are nebulous and vaguely expressed

A research article entitled, "The Effect of Massage to Decrease Musculoskeletal Pain: an Intervention Study," is what type of research? applied basic correlational descriptive

applied

A research problem is the: specific goal or aim of a study summary of what is known and not known theoretical basis for a study area of concern or gap in the knowledge base

area of concern or gap in the knowledge base

The components of evidence-based practice include all of the following EXCEPT a. Best scientific evidence b. patient preferences c. time honored accepted nursing practices d. consensus from clinical experiences adopted by speciality groups

time honored accepted nursing practices

Which ethical principle is violated when a benefit to which a person is entitled is denied without good reason or when a burden is imposed unduly? respect for persons justice beneficence HIPAA disclosure

Justice

Which of the following is NOT a relational statement? Exercise reduces the risk of obesity. Measuring blood sugar is an important way to assess a diabetic's condition. Cardiac output and skeletal muscle arteriovenous oxygen difference are components of functional capacity. An increase in social support decreases the risk of metastasis.

Measuring blood sugar is an important way to assess a diabetic's condition.

A research study explored the meaning of health for migrant farm-worker women in a southern state. A convenience sample of 20 migrant farm-worker women in Georgia was surveyed. What is the population of this study? Migrant farm-worker women in Alabama. Migrant farm workers in Georgia. Migrant farm workers. Migrant farm-worker women in Georgia.

Migrant farm-worker women in Georgia

Gender is an example of which level of measurement? Question 38 options: Ratio Ordinal Nominal Interval

Nominal

A research article entitled, "The Effect of Heat Application to Decrease Tissue Inflammation in Laboratory Mice," is what type of research? applied basic correlational descriptive

basic

A nurse is using theories from psychology to expand her understanding of the grief process. This is an example of which way of acquiring knowledge for nursing practice? Authority Borrowing Reasoning Traditions

borrowing

The nurse researcher is critically appraising a research study. Which of the following statements best describes a critique of research? a. careful examination of a study to evaluate its strengths, limitations, meaning, and significance b. comprehensive review of a study to determine its applicability to nursing c. thoughtful discussion of the generalization of the study to similar situations d. unbiased appraisal of the study's reliability and validity

careful examination of a study to evaluate its strengths, limitations, meaning, and significance

Abstract connections making a logical scheme and having a common theme defines: conceptual model relational statement proposition hypotheses

conceptual model

Physiological measures are: indirect measures of environmental attributes, such as room temperature measurement methods used to quantify the level of functioning of living beings measures of psychological concepts, such as self efficacy measures of psychosocial concepts, such as anxiety

measurement methods used to quantify the level of functioning of living beings

The statement, "This study explores the experience of caregiving by adult daughters of parents with Alzheimer's disease," is an example of which of the following components of a research study? operational definition objective or aim hypothesis question

objective or aim

A researcher notes that 3 of 30 subjects had extreme anxiety scores when compared with the other subjects. These three subjects would be treated as: Question 41 options: outliers deviants random errors ungrouped participants

outliers

Which of the following methods would be most reasonable to use if a researcher is interested in finding out what it is like to live with a person who has a terminal illness? Experimental methods Forced-choice questionnaires Phenomenological approach Structured interviews

phenomological approach

Use the following excerpt of a published study to answer the question: Edel, E. Houston, S. Kennedy, V. & LaRocco, M. (1998). Brief research report: impact of a 5-minute scrub on the microbial flora found on artificial, polished, or natural fingernails of operating room personnel, Nursing Research, 47(1), 54-9. Which of the following correctly identifies a variable in the above study? The: Question 28 options: 5-minute surgical scrub is the dependent variable operating room is an extraneous environmental variable for the study presence and type of microbes are dependent variables nails and nail beds of OR personnel area demographic variable

presence and type of microbes are dependent variables

Subjects who participate in a study of patients with inflammatory bowel disease are described as the: element target population accessible population sample

sample

WHich of the following levels of significance would decrease the chance of a Type II error? Question 42 options: 0.10 0.05 0.01 0.001

0.10

Why should the registered nurse practicing nursing at the bedside be concerned about research for the delivery of quality nursing care? Research provides the nurse with knowledge needed to make sound clinical decisions. One study can change nursing practice dramatically. The Joint Commission requires all nurses to be consumers of research. Traditional nursing care is no longer appropriate for twenty-first century nursing.

A. Research provides the nurse with knowledge needed to make sound clinical decisions.

A critical appraisal should be a/an: Question 44 options: Analysis of a study's internal validity problems Balanced appraisal of a study's strengths and weaknesses Criticism of the researcher's faulty decisions Inventory of problems in the study

Balanced appraisal of a study's strengths and weaknesses

The safeguard mechanism by which even the researcher cannot link the participant with the information provided is called: anonymity. confidentiality. informed consent. right to privacy.

Anonymity

Which of the following is not a descriptive statistic? Question 39 options: Frequency Distribution Standard Deviation Mean Correlational analysis

Correlational analysis

What is the role of the BSN educated nurse in regards to research: Conduct research in health care settings Critique research articles for clinical usefulness Mentor novice researchers and maintain a program of research Lead research teams in making changes as a result of research findings

Critique research articles for clinical usefulness

How are quantitative and qualitative research approaches different? Reality is viewed objectively in qualitative research and constructed by the individual in quantitative research Design is highly controlled in quantitative research and adaptable in qualitative research Sampling is population-based in qualitative research and restricted to individuals in quantitative research Analysis is deductive in qualitative research and inductive in quantitative research

Design is highly controlled in quantitative research and adaptable in qualitative research

Which of the following studies would not be considered nursing research? a. Assessing the knowledge base of caregivers of Alzheimer's patients b. Developing innovative pin insertion techniques for fracture treatment c. Evaluating the effectiveness of wound care in diabetic patients d. Reviewing staff nurse retention policies in rural hospital settings

Developing innovative pin insertion techniques for fracture treatment

The _____ section of a research report includes the implications of the findings for nursing and the recommendations for future research. Discussion Introduction Methods Results

Discussion

The following research steps could be found in which type of qualitative research? • Identification of the culture to be studied • Gaining entrance • Cultural immersion • Acquiring informants • Theory development Ethnographic Grounded theory Historical Phenomenological

Ethnographic

What is the primary purpose for reviewing the literature in quantitative research? Direct the data collection and analysis step of a study. Gain a broad understanding of the information available related to a problem. Select a research design and detail the treatment or intervention to be used in a study. Specify research objectives, questions, and hypotheses to be adressed by the study.

Gain a broad understanding of the information available related to a problem

Experimental studies are most often conducted in which of the following settings? Field settings Highly controlled settings Natural settings Partially controlled settings

Highly controlled

Threats to validity can be handled by the researcher in all of these ways EXCEPT: Eliminate the threat Control the threat Account for the threat Ignore the threat

Ignore the threat

Which of the following are the four major parts most often included in a research report? Introduction, literature review, design, and findings Introduction, methods, results, and discussion Problem, framework, methods, and discussion Review of literature, methods, results and findings

Introduction, methods, results, and discussion

The purpose of a study must include which of the following? a. Level of significance b. Methods of measurement c. Variables d. Conculsions

Variables

The sample included adults over the age of 18, able to read and speak English, and hospitalized for their first abdominal surgery. These are an example of the: exclusion sampling criteria. sample characteristics. inclusion sampling criteria. population statistics.

inclusion sampling criteria

Which critiquing criterion would apply to physiologic measurement? Question 43 options: Is there a provision for evaluating the accuracy of the instrument? Is the interview schedule described adequately enough to know whether it covers the topic? Are the existing data used appropriately considering the problem being studied? Are the majority of the items apprpriately close-ended or open-ended?

is there a provision for evaluating the accuracy of the instrument?

What type of source is written by the person who originated it or is responsible for generating the ideas? academic primary research secondary

primary

One example of a research population with diminished autonomy (vulnerability) would be: college students members of a senior citizen center prisoners middle-aged women

prisoners

A study is entitled, "The Use of Biofeedback as an Intervention for Decreasing Phantom Limb Pain." What type of research was conducted? correlational research descriptive research ethnographic research quasi-experimental research

quasi-experimental research

A study is entitled, "The Use of Massage as an Intervention for Decreasing Low Back Pain." What type of research was conducted? Descriptive research Quasi-experimental research Ethnographic research Correlational research

quasi-experimental research

What type of research involves the systematic investigation of cause-and-effect interactions among variables? Correlational research Descriptive research Quasi-experimental research Grounded theory research

quasi-experimental research

The faces scale used to measure pain in children is an example of which type of data collection tool: questionnaire rating scale observational measurement semi-structured interview

rating scale

A primary step in critiquing a literature review is to evaluate the: clarity of the purpose of the study fit of the research design to the method used relevance of the sources cited soundness of the results and conclusions

relevance of the sources cited