Research Methods in Psych Exam 1

Benjamin is a social psychologist who studies marriage. He believes that marital satisfaction has two components: the ability to trust one's partner and a belief that one can be a good spouse. He conducts a study to test his ideas. Assuming that his data match his theory, which of the following statements should he make?

"The data provide support for my theory."

the core principle of ___, as outlined in The Belmont Report, states researchers have an obligation to consider research goals and their potential impact on study participants

Beneficence

what abbreviations might researchers use to identify variables in a study seeking to establish a causal relationship

Independent and Dependent Variable

when conducting animal research, which guideline states that alternatives to animal research should be considered?

Replacement

Deci and Ryan (1985, 2001) have proposed that there are three fundamental needs that are required for human growth and fulfillment: relatedness, autonomy, and competence. Susan predicts that students who have these needs met in their psychology class feel happier and more satisfied with the class. She collects data and finds that students who feel more related and competent do feel happier but that feeling more autonomous does not seem to matter. Susan thinks that maybe autonomy is only necessary when people are in situations in which they are not being evaluated. After Susan collects and analyzes her data, which of the following is the next logical step?

Susan alters of amends the theory to fit her data

Ellie is looking for a summary of research on the effects of childhood abuse on adult functioning. Which of the following scientific sources would be an ideal source?

a meta-analysis

which of the following is an example of translational research

a sports psychologist who uses information on how we emotionally process victory to design an intervention for improving mental stamina during athletic performance

when reading my empirical journal article "with a purpose", which section should you read first

abstract

what is the correct order of the sections of an empirical journal article

abstract, method, results, discussion, references

students who are interested in being consumers of, but not producers of, research might choose which profession

an advertising specialist

the scientific community acquires new knowledge through what tasks

analyzing data to either confirm or refute a question, revising or proposing a theory

Variables are characteristics or conditions that are manipulated or measured in a study. Select the ways variables are identified in research.

categories, values, labels, levels

does attending psychotherapy lead to an increase in self-esteem? This research question expresses a

causal relationship

different factors that could account for significant results are called for

confounds

Dr. White reads about a new theory that states that depression is caused by increased levels of estrogen in the womb. To test this theory, she conducted a study comparing the level of estrogen in amniotic fluid in individuals who were later diagnosed with depression with the level of those who did not develop depression. Dr. White found no differences between the groups in estrogen levels in the amniotic fluid. In this study estrogen levels in participants were the______

data

being able to evaluate scientific research helps you understand (and follow) _______ related to the well-being of your study participants

ethical standards

researchers should view APA ethical principles as specific rules rather than goals

false

studies that seek to determine the value of one or more variables are considered the most basic type of research question

false

Sakura has discovered there is a correlation between homesickness and weight gain among freshman students at her university. What does this correlation mean for her study?

homesickness is related to weight gain

does multitasking ____ productivity? select what would make it causal

increase, decrease

what does it mean that behavioral research is probabilistic

inferences drawn from behavioral research are not expected to explain all cases

When we are told a theory is provisional what does this tell us about the theory

it can be tested and revised

applied research serves what function

it helps address specific problems

Hannah just finished reading an empirical journal article for a class project. Where should she go if she wants to look for a list of the study's hypotheses or research questions?

last paragraph of the introduction

Research that uses ____ measures and can be replicated exemplifies the empirical scientific characteristic

objective

Identify the dependent variable in the following research question. "Does physical affection affect overall physical health in children diagnosed with sensory processing disorder between 2-5 years of age?"

physical health

the use of debriefing in a study such as Milgram's obedience study appeals to which principle of the Bellmont report

principle of beneficence

The belief that the participants in a research study should be representative of the type of people who would also benefit from the findings of the research stems from which principle of the Belmont Report?

principle of justice

knowledge acquired fro scientific research which has value beyond financial gains can be said to meet what scientific characteristic required to be of use to society

public

how would you adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner

remaining objective as you interpret scientific data

how does research overcome the power of confounds

research systematically compares multiple conditions

how does research overcome the problem of confounds

research systematically compares multiple conditions

applied research

research that is done specifically to solve a practical problem, like increasing memory ability or decreasing symptoms of depression

what is a benefit from the peer review process

reviewers' names are kept anonymous so they can be open in their critiques of an article

what aspects of the peer-review cycle allows for the greatest amount of honesty in reviews?

the anonymity of peer reviews

Empiricism

the approach of collecting data and using it to develop, support, and/or challenge a theory

why is it important to adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner

the avoid falling into the pitfalls of personal biases

the principle of justice calls for a balance between ___ and ___

the kind of people who participate in research; the kind of people who benefit from it

identify which studies on academic performance among first year students are concerned with determining the value of variables within the study

the percentage of students who receive tutoring services, the average amount of time spent studying for a final exam

Before any research with nonhuman animals may begin

the research proposal must be approved by the IACUC

in addition to being ethical violations, why are data falsification and fabrication problematic

they impede scientific progress

why is it important to adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner?

to avoid falling into the pitfalls of personal bias

applied research can serve two functions. It helps answer questions generated during basic research and it can generate the need for basic research

true

Select the type of study and variable(s) for the following research question: What is the average GPA for freshmen at private universities in the United States?

values study, GPA