Respiratory System

Which one of the following is NOT true of the lungs? The right lung has three lobes. The bases rest on the diaphragm. The narrower portion of each lung is called the apex. Both lungs have two lobes. The left lung has two lobes

Both lungs have two lobes.

Which characteristic makes hemoglobin's structure such a good match for its function as an oxygen carrier? Each hemoglobin molecule can bind two oxygen molecules. Each hemoglobin binds irreversibly to an oxygen molecule. Each hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules. Each hemoglobin molecule can bind one oxygen molecule. Each hemoglobin molecule cannot be saturated by oxygen molecules.

Each hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules.

What part of the following description is INCORRECT? Contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles leads to increased volume in the thoracic cavity and the lungs. The increase in volume leads to an increase in intrapulmonary pressure causing air to move into the lungs. The relaxation, not contraction, of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles leads to inhalation. Increased volume and decreased pressure cause air to leave the lungs, rather than enter the lungs. Increases in volume lead to a decrease in pressure, not an increase in pressure. The contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles leads to a decrease in volume, not

Increases in volume lead to a decrease in pressure, not an increase in pressure.

What statement best describes tidal volume? Tidal volume is the air exhaled after normal inspiration. Tidal volume is the air exchanged during normal breathing. Tidal volume is the air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration. Tidal volume is the air forcibly expelled after normal expiration.

Tidal volume is the air exchanged during normal breathing.

The pharyngeal tonsil is scattered throughout the pharynx. also called the adenoids and located in the roof of the nasopharynx. in the fauces. the largest tonsil.

also called the adenoids and located in the roof of the nasopharynx.

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs include capillary beds. alveolar ducts. pleural spaces. bronchioles. alveoli.

alveoli

Where does exchange occur? alveoli pharynx trachea larynx nose

alveoli

The nose serves all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. as the direct initiator of the cough reflex cleansing the air as a passageway for air movement warming and humidifying the air

as the direct initiator of the cough reflex

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as: bicarbonate ions. carbaminohemoglobin. carbonic acid. solute dissolved in the cytoplasm of red blood cells. solute dissolved in the plasma.

bicarbonate ions.

The respiratory system does NOT function in: speech production. blood cell production. odor detection. acid-base homeostasis.

blood cell production.

Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is bound to the same protein as carbon dioxide. dissolved in plasma. bound to hemoglobin. carried by white blood cells. in ionic form as solute in the plasma.

bound to hemoglobin.

The smallest airway of the bronchial tree that is primarily responsible for creating bronchoconstriction. primary bronchi bronchiole alveoli sac lobe of lung bronchopulmonary segment

bronchiole

Surfactant is not found in healthy lung tissue. replaces mucus in the alveoli. protects the surface of the lungs. helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing. phagocytizes small particulate matter.

helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing.

Children have slender, short vocal cords so their voices tend to be higher pitched. deeper toned. louder. softer. lower pitched.

higher pitched.

What is NOT true of the effects of hypoventilation? hydrogen ion concentration in the blood decreases partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) in the blood increases blood pH decreases carbonic acid concentration in the blood increases

hydrogen ion concentration in the blood decreases

Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to temperature. inversely proportional to the volume of its container. directly proportional to temperature. always higher in the atmosphere than in the lungs. directly proportional to the volume of its container.

inversely proportional to the volume of its container.

Pulmonary ventilation refers to the movement of dissolved gases from the interstitial space to the cells. movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood. utilization of oxygen. movement of air into and out of the lungs. movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the interstitial space.

movement of air into and out of the lungs.

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a(n) increased surface area for gas exchange. mucus escalator. smooth slick surface allowing particles to slide. respiratory rhythmicity center. debris filter.

mucus escalator.

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the pharynx. vestibule. trachea. glottis. larynx.

pharynx

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is commonly called breathing or ________. respiratory gas transport internal respiration cellular respiration pulmonary ventilation

pulmonary ventilation

Which of the following is a factor on which expiration depends? contraction of expiratory muscles increase in lung volume recoil of elastic tissue in the lungs decrease in intrapulmonary pressure

recoil of elastic tissue in the lungs

The nasopharynx transitions into the oropharynx at the level of the hard palate. cribriform plate. soft palate. pharyngeal septum. internal nares.

soft palate.

Accidently sending fluid up out of the nose happens when the ________ fails to close off the ________. soft palate; larynx epiglottis; nasopharynx epiglottis; larynx soft palate; nasopharynx soft palate; oropharynx

soft palate; nasopharynx

Damage to the larynx can cause an inability to ________. hiccup sneeze speak cough

speak

During exhalation, inside and outside pressures are equal. pressure inside the lungs is less than the outside pressure. the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases. the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. pressure within the thoracic cavity decreases.

the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases.

When at rest, the amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs in a normal respiratory cycle is the total lung capacity. residual volume. vital capacity. inspiratory volume. tidal volume.

tidal volume.

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the alveoli. upper respiratory tract. lower respiratory tract. bronchioles. lungs.

upper respiratory tract.