REVIEW QUESTIONS KINESIOLOGY (INTRO, SHOULDER GIRDLE, & SHOULDER JOINT)

*MEDIAL/MEDIAN Pectoral NERVE INNERVATES 2 muscles

=Anterior elbow forearm (pronator teres) -pectoralis minor -pectoralis major

*ULNAR NERVE INNERVATES (flexors) Slide

=Anterior pinky side humerus to wrist -flexor carpi ulnaris -flexor Digitorum profundus

**WHAT IS THE KINETIC CHAIN slide 52

=Consists of a series of rigid links connected in such a way as to allow motion. *Closed kinetic chain *Open kinetic chain

** PROTRACTION SHOULDER GIRDLE 2 MUSCLES

=Forward movement of shoulder girdle away from spine Abduction of the scapula -serratus Anterior -pectoralis minor

**DEPRESSION SHOULDER GIRDLE 2 Muscles

=Inferior movement of shoulder girdle -returning to normal position from a shoulder shrug -Lower trapezius -pectoralis minor

Close packed (joint congruency)

=Joint surfaces, have maximum contact with one another "aka" congruent. TIGHTLY COMPRESSED and closer together are difficult to distract or separate. ex. Full knee extension

Open packed (joint congruency)

=Joint surfaces, maximal mobility incongruent. Parts of the capsule and supporting ligaments are RELAXED AND LOOSELY compressed/packed. ex. Knee flexion

*closed kinetic chain

=Requires the distal segment to be fixed (closed) and the proximal segment(s) moves. ligaments and capsule holding joint together are taut -Ex. Push up

What are the SITS muscles, and why are they called "rotator cuff muscles"?

=S supraspinatus =I infraspinatus =T teres minor =S subscapularis -they holhead of the humerus in toward the glenoid fossa as it moves within socket.

Saggittal Plane

divides the body into right and left halves Ex. Flexion and extension.

*Isotonic

during movement muscle contracts , muscle length & joint angle changes. during movement, speed is variable and resistance is fixed. ex. Lifting, walking, dumbbells -concentric contraction: shortens - eccentric contraction: lengthens

Describe circumduction and the shoulder joint motions involved?

the circular arc of ue formed by a combination of the shoulder motion: flexion, abd, extension, and add.

**UPWARD ROTATION SHOULDER GIRDLE 3 Muscles

= moving limbs up -upper trapezius -lower trapezius -serratus Anterior

**HYPEREXTENSION SHOULDER JOINT 2 muscles

= past the limit -latissimus dorsi -posterior deltoid

** SHOULDER GIRDLE RETRACTION ACTION 4 MUSCLES slide

= pulling back -middle trapezius -rhomboids -serratus Anterior -pectoralis minor

THORACODORALIS NERVE INNERVATES 1 muscle

= refer to the cluster of nerve fibers found in the upper body, particularly within the chest region. -latissimus dorsi

**MEDIAL ROTATION SHOULDER JOINT 5 muscles

= rotational movement towards the midline. It is sometimes referred to as internal rotation. -pectoralis major -latissimus dorsi -teres major -subscapularis -Anterior deltoid

*LATERAL PECTORAL NERVE INNERVATES 1 muscle

= the lateral anterior thoracic nerve) arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, and through it from the fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical nerves. -pectorals Major

*SUPRASCAPULARIS NERVE INNERVATES 2 muscles

= the shoulder nerves that originate in the posterior cord of the brachial plexus and are composed of axons from spinal cord segments C5-C6 -infraspinatus -supraspinatus

MUSCUTANEOUS NERVE INNERVATES 3 muscles

= upper arm and elbow -coracobrachillas -bicep brachii -bicep brachialis

**ELEVATION SHOULDER GIRDLE 3 MUSCLES

= upward movement struggling shoulder -upper trapezius -leavator scapula -rhomboids

*SCAPULAR TILT SHOULDER GIRDLE slide

-pectoralis minor

*** SHOULDER GIRDLE ACTION/MOTIONS slide 10 6/7 actions

-retraction -protraction -elevation -depression -upward rotation -downward rotation -scapular tilt

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS Slide 45

*Isometric contraction "NO MOVEMENT" *Concentric contraction "SHORTENS" *Eccentric contraction "LENGTHENS" Isotonic contraction Isokinetic contraction

Fractures Shoulder Joint

- Clavicular- Most frequently broken bone in children. Usually results from fall on lateral aspect of the shoulder or on an outstretched hand. Usually breaks mid-shaft. o Humeral Neck- Usually caused by fall on outstretched hand. Common in elderly. o Midhumeral- Often caused by a direct blow or twisting force. Spiral fractures in this region increase the risk of radial nerve injury. o Pathological- May be caused by benign tumors or metastatic carcinoma from primary sites such as lung, breast, kidney and prostate.

*Isokinetic:

- during movement, speed is fixed and resistance is variable - can only be accomplished with special exercise equipment

Hypotonia

- less than normal tone caused by lesions in lower motor neurons (peripheral nerves

Hypertonia

- more than normal tone caused by a lesion in the upper motor neurons (brain or spinal cord

Starting at the inferior angle and going clockwise, name the shoulder girdle muscles that attach to the posterior surface of the right scapula?

-rhomboids, lower and middle trapezius, levator scapula and upper trapezius muscle.

DIRECTIONAL PLANES OF THE BODY Slide

= movement of the body -Sagittal plane "rt and lt " -Frontal/coronal "anterior and posterior" -Transverse/Horizontal "top and bottom"

HUMERAL NECK FRACTURE SLIDE 36

-COMMON IN ELDERLY -caused by a fall on outstretched hand

***JOINT SURFACE POSITION slide 36

-Close packed (joint congruency) "tightly compressed" -Open packed (joint congruency) "loose and relaxed."

MIDHUMERAL FRACTURE SLIDE 37

-DIRECT BLOW OR TWITSING FORCE -spiral fracture in this region increases the risk of radial nerve injury.

what direction is the landmark moving if the scapula is rotating upwardly?

-Laterally

CLAVICULAR FRACTURE SLIDE 36

-MOSTLY BROKEN BONE CHILDREN -results from a fall laterally. -aspect of shoulder or aspect outstretched hand break midshaft.

**SCAPULA MOVEMENTS/MOTIONS slides 12-16

-Retraction: military posture "squaring the shoulders" (midline downward rotation) -Protraction: pushing forward with outstretched arms and hands.(upper rotation) -Elevation: "shrugging the shoulders" or protecting the head. -Depression: straight arms parallel bars, holding weight. (lower trapezius) down -Upward rotation: lifting/reaching over head.(movement inferior angle scapula moves laterally towards outside body.)

PATHOLOGIES (SHOULDER JOINT )SLIDES 35-42

-acromioclavicular (Ac) separation= -*scapular wing -Anterior shoulder dislocation -glenohumeral subluxation -impingement syndrome -*adhesive capsular is (frozen shoulder) - torn rotator cuff -calcification tendinitis -bicipital tendinitis -subluxibg of bicep tendon(long head) -

SHOULDER JOINT ACTIONS/MOTIONS slide 2 9 actions

-flexion -extension -hyperextension -adduction -abduction -Horizontal abduction -horizontal adduction -lateral rotation -medial rotation

ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SHOULDER JOINT SLIDE 34

-shallow glenoid fossa is deepened by the glenoid labrum, which is made up of fibrocartilage. -accomplish full shoulder abduction the shoulder joint also laterally rotate.

WHAT IS THE ROTATOR CUFF SLIDE 12

-tendinous band formed by blending together tendinous insertions of SITS MUSCLE -SUPRASPINATUS -INFRASPINATUS -TERES MINOR SUBSCAPULARIS -KEEP THE HEAD OF HUMERUS ROTATING AGAINST GLENOID FOSSA DURING JOINT MOTION.

**Adhesive capsulitis: aka "frozen shoulder"

. Pain and limited ROM in shoulder due to inflammation and fibrosis of the shoulder joint capsule

**MOVERS/MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER JOINT (rotator cuff) MUSCLES 11 SLIDE 2

1. DELTOID 2. PECTORALIS MAJOR 3. LATISSIMUS DORSI 4. TERES MAJOR 5. CORACOBRACHILAIS 6. BICEP BRACHII 7. TRICEP BRACHII (LONG HEAD) 8. SUPRASPINATUS 9. INFRASPINATUS 10. SUBSCAPULARIS

**FORCE COUPLE SCAPULA slide 29 shoulder girdle

2 muscles working against each other to accomplish one motion. -produce upward and downward rotation. -upward rotation: lift arms overhead 3 muscles trapezius upper and lower, and serratus anterior. -downward rotation: return arms back down anatomical position. 3 muscles Rhomboid ,Levator scapulae, and Pec minor.

Active tension

: Comes from the contractile units

**Glenohumeral subluxation

: Commonly seen in the individuals with hemiplegia. Shoulder muscles no longer able to hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa. Gravity and weight of the arm causes partial dislocation over time.

Torn rotator cuff

: Involves the distal tendinous insertion of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and/or subscapularis on the greater/lesser tubercle area of the humerus. Can be the result of acute trauma or gradual degeneration.

*Antagonist

:A muscle that performs the opposite motion of the agonist. Ex. Bicep relaxes

*DORSAL SCAPULAR NERVE INNERVATES 2 muscles

= The dorsal scapular nerve arises from the brachial plexus, usually from the plexus root (anterior/ventral ramus) of the cervical nerve C5. -leavator scapulae -rhomboids

*LONG THORACIC NERVE INNERVATES 2 muscles

= The long thoracic nerve is a proximal branch of the brachial plexus, arising from the proximal C5, C6, and C7 spinal nerves, -serratus Anterior -trapezius

* LOWER SUBSCAPULAR NERVE INNERVATES 2 muscles

= a nerve that supplies the lower part of the subscapularis muscle, and also supplies the teres major muscle. -It consists of fibres from C5-6 spinal nerves. -teres Major -Lower subscapularis

1. Bicep brachii (anterior) JOINT MOVER slide 28

= classified as an elbow mover but also flexes the shoulder joint. Short head: O= supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Long head: O=coracoid process of scapula. I- radial tuberosity of radius A- elbow flexion, forearm supination, and shoulder flexion N- musculotenous n C5 c6

**ACCESSORY NERVE 1 muscle

= cranial nerve that supplies the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. CN xi neck and upper back -trapezius

*UPPER SUBSCAPULAR NERVE INNERVATES

= inserts directly into the upper portion of the subscapularis muscle, thus innervating it. -upper subscapularis

ROLES OF MUSCLES slide 47-51

=Size, angle of the pull, joint motions, locations of muscle in relation to joint axis. _Angle of the pull: variance of force at different points in range of motion of an exercise. Assisting mover:A muscle that is not as effective but does assist in providing the desired motion. Cocontraction:Occurs when agonist and antagonist contract at the same time. Stabilizer: A muscle or muscle group that supports, or makes firm, a part that allows the agonist to work more efficiency. Neutralizer:If a muscle can perform two or more actions but only one is wanted, a neutralizer contracts to prevent unwanted motion. Synergist: A muscle that works with one or more other muscles to enhance a particular motion

*Open kinetic chain

=The distal segment is free to move while the proximal segment(s) remains stationary. ligaments and capsule holding joint together are lax "resting position" -ex. Spoon

*Active insufficiency

=The point at which a muscle cannot shorten any further. Occurs to the agonist

**CENTER OF GRAVITY (COG) slide 29

=Whenever a plane passes through the midline part of all planes. -Cardinal plane: divides into 3 different parts of the plane. (Sagittal, frontal, and transverse) 3 planes intersect each other

Which shoulder joint muscle do not attach to the scapula?

=anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, and latissimus dorsi muscle

2. Tricep Brachii (posterior) JOINT MOVER Slide 29

=classified as an elbow mover and extends shoulder joint. Long head:O= infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Lateral head:O=inferior to greater tubercle on posterior humerus. Medial head:O=posterior surface humerus. I- olecranon process of ulna A- elbow extension and shoulder extension N- radial nerve c7 c8

WHAT IS ACROMIOCLAVICULAR (AC) SEPARATION SLIDE 35

=describes the various amounts of injury at the AC joint =1st degree sprain=AC ligament is stretched =2nd degree sprain=AC ligament is ruptured and the coracoclavicular ligament is stretched. =3rd degree sprain=both AC and coracoclavicular ligament are ruptured.

WHAT ARE THE TWO JOINT MOVERS slide 28

=elbow mover 1 Bicep brachii: (anterior) Long head and short head 2. Tricep Brachii (posterior) long, lateral, and medial head.

** EXTENSION/EXTENSORS SHOULDER JOINT 5 MUSCLES

=extending out/ straightening -Posterior deltoid -latissimus Doris -teres major -pectorals Major -tricep brachii

what landmarks is commonly used to determine the direction the scapula is rotating? SHOULDER GIRDLE SLIDE

=inferior angle of the scapula

*Isometric contraction

=joint angle does not change and muscle length doesn't change. NO MOVEMENT Ex. Using your biceps push against a wall

** ABNORMAL END FEELS

=may be present when pain, muscle guarding, swelling or abnormal anatomy stops the joint movement -ex. 1 abnormal bony 2 boggy 3 muscle spasm 4 springy 5empty

** FLEXION SHOULDER JOINT 2 muscles

=movement of humerus straight anteriorly -anterior deltoid -pectoralis

**LATERAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION SHOULDER JOINT 3 muscles

=movement towards side of limbs from their long axis: -infraspinatus - teres minor -posterior deltoid

MOVEMENT OF SHOULDER JOINT slide 17- 26

=movements of humerus and shoulder -ball and socket joint forms humerus and shoulder. - adduction: movement towards the body/towards the side. -abduction: movement/away from body. -Extension: movement straightening back/posterior (exception with knee joint). -flexion: movement bending towards front/anterior (exception knee joint). -medial rotation/internal rotation:movement towards the midline -lateral rotation/external rotation: movement toward side of the midline

** HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION SHOULDER JOINT 2 muscles

=moving away from limb ex transverse plane -pectoralis Major -Anterior deltoid

** ADDUCTION SHOULDER JOINT 3 muscles

=moving towards limb -pectoralis major -teres Major -latissimus dorsi

AXILLARY NERVE INNERVATES 2 muscles

=neck area to armpit -deltoid (Anterior, middle, and posterior) -teres minor

AXIS slide

=points that run through the center of a joint around which a part rotates. axis run perpendicular and opposite of planes. -SAGGITTAL AND FRONT ARE ALWAYS COMPATIBLE -Saggittal axis "run front and back" -Frontal axis "side to side" -Vertical axis "up and down"

glenoidhumeral joint

=points upward, inward, and backwards.

**DOWNWARD ROTATION SHOULDER GIRDLE slide 3 muscles

=return body to anatomical position. -pectoralis minor, -levator scapulae -rhomboids

Labrum of scapula slide

=socket between acromion process and glenoid fossa in scapula

**END FEELS

=subjective assessment of the quality of the feel when slight pressure is applied at the end of the joint's passive range of motion -normal end feel for all shoulder joint motions "soft tissue stretch" Ex. firm (stretch) ex: ankle dorsiflexion. hard (bone to bone) ex: elbow extension. soft (soft tissue approximation) ex: elbow flexion, knee flexion

Tendonesis

=tendon action of a muscle. Finger flexes after extend wrist

What is scapulohumeral rhythm?

=the movement relationship between the shoulder girdle and the shoulder joint. -After the first 30 degrees, for every 2 degrees of shoulder joint flexion or abduction, the shoulder girdle rotates upwardly 1 degree. 2:1 ratio

ABDUCTION SHOULDER JOINT 2 muscles

=upward lateral movement of humerus out to the side, away from body -deltoid -supraspinatus

WHAT LANDMARKS CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE IF A MODEL OF AN UNATTACHED BONE IS A LT OR RT SCAPULA?

=vertebral border, glenoid cavity

*Passive insufficiency

=when a muscle cannot stretch anymore without damage fibers. happens to the antagonist

*Agonist:"Prime mover"

A muscle or muscle group that causes the motion. Ex. Triceps contracts

BASED ON THE FIGURE TO THE LEFT SLIDE 45 A. what is the shoulder joint motion? B. what type of contraction (isometric, concentric, eccentric) is occuring? C. what muscles are prime movers in the shoulder joint motion?

A. HORIZONTAL ABD B. CONCENTRIC C. POSTERIOR DELTOID, INFRASPINATUS, TERES MINOR

**Calcific tendonitis:

Chronis inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon can lead to accumulation of mineral deposits. May be painful or asymptomatic

intro 11. when touching the left shoulder with the left hand is a person using contralateral or ipsilateral hand?

Ipsilateral

triceps brachii (Shoulder joint extension and elbow extension) slide 29

Long head o= infraglenoid tubercle scapula Lateral head o=Inferior to greater tubercle posterior humerus Medial head o= posterior surface humerus I= olectannin process of ulna. A=Shoulder joint extension and elbow extension N=radial nerve c7 C8

biceps brachii (elbow flexion, forearm supination, Shoulder flexion) slide 28

Long head o= supraglenoid tubercle scapula. Short head o= corocoid process of the scapula. I=radial tuberosity of radius A= elbow flexion, forearm supination, Shoulder flexion N= muscutaneous nerve c5 c6

PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE SLIDE 37

MAY BE CAUSED BENIGN TUMOR OR METASTATIC CARCINOMA FROM; lungs, breast, kidney, and prostate

** HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION SHOULDER JOINT 3 muscles

Movement of humerus in horizontal/transverse plane away from midline of body also known as horizontal extension or transverse abduction -Posterior deltoid -infraspinatus -teres minor

**NORMAL END FEEL

Normal end feeling: exists where there is a full PROM at a joint - normal anatomical structures stop the motion such as bone or soft tissue -ex. 1Bony 2 soft tissue stretch 3 soft tissue approximation

*UPPER TRAPEZIUS (ELEVATES) slide 16 shoulder girdle

O- occipital bone, nuchal ligament of upper cervical spinous process. I- outer 1/3 clavicle acrimonion rotation A-scapular elevation and upward rotation N-spinal accessory CNx1, C3 And c4 sensory component.

*MIDDLE TRAPEZIUS (RETRACTION) slide 17 shoulder girdle

O- spinous process of c7 through t3. I-scapular spine A-scapular retraction N-spinal accessory CNxi, c3 c4 sensory component

*LOWER TRAPEZIUS (Depresses & Upward rotation) slide 18 shoulder girdle

O- spinous process of middle and lower thoracic vertebrae. I-base of scapular spine A-scapular depression and upward rotation N- spinal accessory CNxi, c3 c4 sensory component.

*LEVATOR SCAPULA (elevate &downward rotation) slide 20 shoulder girdle

O- transverse processes of first four cervical vertebrae I-vertebral border of scapula between the superior angle and spine. A-scapular elevation and downward rotation N-C3, C4 And dorsal scapular n C5

*PECTORALIS MINOR (depression, protraction, downward rotation, and tilt) slide 23 shoulder girdle

O-Anterior surface of ribs 3-5 I-coracoid process of scapula A-scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, and tilt N-medial pectoral nerve C8-T1

*SERRATUS ANTERIOR (protraction and upward rotation) slide 22 shoulder girdle

O-lateral surface of the upper 8ribs. I-vertebral border of scapula anterior surface. A-scapular protraction and upward rotation N- long thoracic nerve C5-C7

*RHOMBOID (retraction, elevation, and downward rotation) slide 21 shoulder girdle

O-spinous process C7-T5 I-vertebral border of scapula btwn the spine and inferior angle. A- scapular retraction, elevation, and downward rotation) N-dorsal scapular nerve C5

Anterior Deltoid SHOULDER JOINT (abduction, flexion, medial/Lateral rotation horizontal add) slide 14

O= Lateral 1/3 clavicle I= deltoid tuberosity A=Shoulder abd, flexion, medial/lateral rotation and horizontal add. N=axillary nerve c5-c6

Deltoid (Shoulder abd, flexion and extension)

O= Lateral part of the clavicle, spine, and acromion scapular. I=deltoid tuberosity humerus A=Shoulder abd, flexion and extension N=axillary nerve

Teres Major Shoulder Joint(Shoulder extension, adduction, medial/Lateral rotation) slide 21

O= axillary border scapula near inferior angle I=crest below lesser tubercle inferior to latissimus Dorsi m attachment. A= Shoulder extension, adduction, medial/Lateral rotation N=lower subscapular net c5-c7

Coracobrachialis Shoulder Joint (flexion, horizontal add, stabilized shoulder joint) slide 27

O= corocoid process of scapula I=humerus medial surface meat midpoint A= flexion, horizontal add, stabilized shoulder joint N=muscutaneous nerve c6 c7

Pectoralis major (extensor, flexion, medial and internal rotation) side

O= medial 1/3 clavicle I=medial tip of bicipital groove humerus A= extensor flexion, medial and internal rotation N=Lateral pectoral nerve c5-c7

Latissimus Dorsi (Shoulder extension, add, medial/Lateral rotation, and hyperextension) slide 20

O= spinous process t7-l5 posterior surface sacrum illiac crest. I= medial floor bicipital groove humerus A= Shoulder extension, add, medial/Lateral rotation, and hyperextension. N=thoracodorsal n c6-C8

Middle Deltoid Shoulder Joint (Shoulder abduction) slide 15

O=acromion process I=deltoid tuberosity A=Shoulder abduction N=axillary nerve c5 c6

Teres minor (Shoulder Lateral external rotation, horizontal abd) slide 24

O=axillary border of scapula I=greater tubercle of the humerus A= Shoulder Lateral external rotation, horizontal abd. N=thoracodorsal n c6-C8

Posterior Deltoid (Shoulder abd, extension, lateral/extension rotation and hort abd) slide 16

O=spine of scapula I=deltoid tuberosity A=Shoulder abd, extension, lateral/extension rotation and hort abd. N=axillary nerve c5 c6

Anterior shoulder dislocations:

One of the most common joint dislocations. A forced shoulder abduction and lateral rotation tends to be the dislocating motion causing the humeral head to slide anteriorly out of the glenoid fossa.

Vertical axis

Points that run up and down (sup & inf)

Subluxing of the biceps tendon (long head):

Results from overloading the muscle in an abducted and laterally rotated position, forcing the tendon out of the bicipital groove.

Saggittal Axis

Runs through front and back opposite sagittal plane. Ex.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SHOULDER GIRDLE AND SHOULDER JOINT?

Shoulder girdle= gives strength and rom to three bones scapula, clavicle, and humerus. 5 muscles (trapezius, rhomboids, serrated anterior, and pectoralis minor. Shoulder joint= ball and socket joint moves and forms the humerus and shoulder. 11 muscles (subscapularis, trees major, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, coracoidbrachialis, bicep, and tricep) "rotator cuff muscles"

transverse plane (horizontal plane)

Splits the body horizontally into top and bottom Ex. Rotation, supination, and horizontal abduction.

Which shoulder joint muscle do not attach on the scapula?

The anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, and latissimus dorsi muscle.

**INNERVATION NERVES OF SHOULDER GIRDLE & SHOULDER JOINT MUSCLES

Total of 16 muscles that innervate in shoulder girdle and joint. -upper subscapular nerve (1 muscle) -Lower subscapular nerve (2 muscles) -Lateral Pectoral nerve (1 muscle) -Medial Pectoral Nerve (2 muscles) -Thoracodorsal Nerve (1 muscle) -Subscapular Nerve (2 muscles) -Axillary Nerve (2 muscles) -Radial Nerve (1 muscle) -Muscutaneous Nerve (3 muscles) -Median/medial nerve (1 muscle) -ulnar nerve ( 2 muscles)

Bicipital tendonitis:

Usually involves the long head of the biceps proximally as it crosses the humeral head, changes direction, and descends into the bicipital groove.

Passive tension

When stretching a muscle builds up and involves non-contractible units of muscle. ex. Connective tissue

What landmark can be used to determine whether a model of unattached bone is a right or left humerus?

With the humerus in the vertical position the bicipital groove facing, the right humeral head faces toward the left.

What motion occurs when; a. placing a book on an upper shelf -shoulder joint motion? -shoulder girldle motion? b. fastening your seatbelt with your left hand -shoulder joint motion? -shoulder girdle motion?

a. -shoulder joint motion=flexion -shoulder girdle motion=upward rotation and protraction. b-shoulder joint motion=adduction and medial rotation -downward rotation and protraction

Stand and hold a cane or weight bar in both hands a. with your hand 12inches apart and elbows extended, raise the bar. What shoulder motion is occurring? b. with your arms far apart as possible and elnows extended, raise the bar. waht predominant shoulder motion is occuring? c. in what plane is the motion in b occurring?

a. =flexion b=abd c=saggittal

Intro Kines 1. Using descriptive terminology, complete the following a. the sternum is to the vertebral column? b. the calcaneus is on the portion of the foot? c. the hip is to the chest? d. the femur is to the tibia? e. the radius is on the side of the forearm?

a. anterior b.posterior c. inferior d. proximal e. lateral

As a person performs a sliding board transfer a. identify the shoulder joint muscle that contracts to lift the body up off the supporting surface b. are these muscles performing a normal contraction or reverse muscle action? c. identify shoulder girdle muscle that must contract to lift the body up off supporting surface. Are these muscles performing normal contraction or working through reverse muscle action?

a. lattissimus dorsi and pectorals major b. reverse motion action c. reverse muscle action of the lower trapezius and pectorals minor

Reaching up to get hold of your seat belt (drivers side with left hand)? a. shoulder joint motion b. shoulder girdle motion

a. shoulder abduction and lateral rotation b. scapular upward rotation and retraction.

Clinical Exercise Question Lie prone on a table with your arm over the edge and with your shoulder flexed 90 degrees, elbow, extended, and a weight in your hand. Lift the weight away from the table in sideward motion? a. what is the shoulder motion? b. what type of contraction (isometric, concentric, eccentric? c. what muscle are prime movers in this shoulder joint motion?

a. shoulder horizontal abd b. concentric contraction (shoulder horizontal abd) c. posterior deltoid, infraspinatus,teres minor

Putting your blindfold in your left pocket with your lefy hand? a. shoulder joint motion b. shoulder girdle motion

a. shoulder joint motion, shoulder hyperextension and medial rotation. b. shoulder girdle motion, scapular tilt and protraction.

There are four sets of motions that occur at the shoulder joint?Which motion occur a. in the frontal plane around saggittal axis? b. in the transverse plane around vertical axis? c. in the saggittal plane around frontal axis?

a.in the frontal plane around the sagittal axis: shoulder abd/add b. in the transverse plane around the axis: shoulder medial/lateral rotation, horizontal abd/add c. the sagittal plane around the frontal axis: shoulder flexion,/extension/hyperextension

**Assume the position shown in the picture. push up with your hands as far as you can whilw straightening your elbows, bending your knees, and keeping your back straight. a. what joint motion is occurring at the shoulder girdle? b. what muscles are prime movers of this shoulder girdle action? c. is this an open-chain or closed-chain activity?

a= scapular protraction and upward rotation b=serratus anterior, pectoralis minor, upper and lower trapezius c=closed

Identify the shoulder girdle motions that occur with the following action. What type of contraction is occurring? Accompanying shoulder joint motions is in parentheses? a. closing a window by pulling down (aka EXT) b. opening a window by pulling up (aka FL) c. combing your hair in back (aka FL&ER)

a=downward rotation b=upward rotation c=upward and downward rotation

**Assume the position shown in the picture. Using only shoulder girdle motion, pull the weigh straight up from the floor. SLIDE 32 SG a. what joint is occurring at the shoulder girdle? b. what muscle are prime movers of this shoulder girdle action? c. is this open-chain or closed chain activity?

a=scapular retraction middle b. = trapezius and rhomboids c=open

Name two reasons why the anterior deltoid is a stronger flexor than coracobrachilais?

anterior deltoid: 1 largest muscle and passes farther from the axis of rotation of the shoulder (it has longer moment arm) and therefore stronger.

Intro 6. Putting your right ankle on your left knee involves what type of hip rotation?

hip lateral rotation

*Concentric contraction

joint angle change and muscle length shortens Ex. Bicep curl

*Eccentric contraction:

joint angle changes and muscle length longer. Ex. Releasing the weight

Frontal Axis

run through joints side to side. Ex. FLEXION AND EXTENSION

RADIAL NERVE INNERVATES (extensors) Slide

posterior arm and forearm -tricep brachii

Intro 4. Putting your hand in your back pocket involves what a shoulder joint retraction?

shoulder medial rotation

Which fossa is located on the anterior surface of the scapula?

subscapular fossa

The spine of the scapula divides the posterior surface into which two fossae?

supraspinous and infraspinous fossa

Intro 7. In the anatomical position, the forearm are in what position?

the forearm are in supination

MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE

trapezius (upper, middle, and lower) levator scapulae rhomboids serratus anterior pectoralis minor

Frontal (coronal) plane

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions Ex. Abduction and adduction

Shoulder Joint Muscles Recap Review slides 31-33

• Glenohumeral joint • 11 muscles together- 9 primary movers, 2 assisted movers 1. Deltoid (anterior, middle, posterior) 2. Supraspinatus 3. Infraspinatus 4. Teres minor 5. Subscapularis 6. Teres major 7. Latissimus dorsi 8. Pectoralis major 9. Coracobrachialis 10. Biceps 11. Triceps 1-5 rotator cuff muscles & 2-5 sits muscles 10&11 assistive movers

Impingement syndrome

•: Overuse injury that involves compression of tendons, muscles, or ligaments between the head of the humerus and acromion process.