Review Quiz 14

Which of the following is incorrect about inflammation? A. Pyrogens cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability. B. Serotonin causes smooth muscle contraction. C. Fever could be beneficial to inhibiting the pathogen. D. Basophils and mast cells release histamine. E. Inflammation can last hours to years.

A

Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis? A. Diapedesis B. Destruction C. Chemotaxis D. Phagolysosome formation E. Ingestion

A

Which white blood cells comprise 3-7% of circulating WBCs, are phagocytic, and can migrate out into body tissues to differentiate into macrophages? A. Eosinophils B. Basophils C. Lymphocytes D. Neutrophils E. Monocytes

E

When monocytes migrate from the blood out to the tissues, they are transformed by inflammatory mediators to develop into ______. A. killer T cells B. cytotoxic T cells C. macrophages D. primary phagocytes E. neutrophils

C

Which of the following is not a type of phagocyte? A. Neutrophil B. Macrophage C. Lymphocyte D. Kupffer cell E. Monocyte

C

Each of the following is a term reflecting a process involved in the migration of white blood cells except ______. A. chemotaxis B. phagocytosis C. diapedesis D. vasodilation E. motility

B

The body region where a ciliary escalator helps to sweep microbes trapped in mucus away from that body site is the ______. A. urinary tract B. respiratory tract C. eyes D. skin E. digestive tract

B

What is the first step in the major events of the inflammatory process? A. Activation of complement B. Injury and mast cells releasing chemical mediators C. Formation of pus and edema D. Scar formation and/or resolution E. Vascular reactions

B

A patient visits your clinic often with recurrent respiratory infections. Based upon their medical history, it appears they have been an active smoker for over 40 years. Select the statement that most accurately reflects how this information may reveal why the patient is highly susceptible to respiratory pathogens. A. Smoking decreases the formation and effectiveness of complement proteins. B. Smoking directly inhibits B- and T-cell action. C. Smoking can paralyze the ciliary escalator. D. Smoking decreases the activity of neutrophils.

C

A person will typically experience the sensation of _____ when fever is starting to occur in the body. A. pain B. heat C. chills D. sweating

C

A properly functioning immune system is responsible for______. A. recognition of foreign material B. surveillance of the body C. All of the choices are correct. D. destruction of foreign material

C

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced in order to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication? A. Complement production B. Inflammation C. Phagocytosis D. Interferon production E. Lysozyme production

C

Humoral immunity involves ______, while _____ function in cell-mediated immunity. A. B cells; neutrophils B. T cells; B cells C. B cells; T cells D. basophils; T cells E. monocytes; basophils

C

One of the major differences between the first and second line of defense is that______. A. the first line defenses involve complement proteins whereas the second line defenses involve antibodies B. the first line defenses involve the respiratory tract whereas the second line defenses involve the gastrointestinal tract C. the first line defenses are mechanisms whereas the second line defenses are physical barriers to infection D. the first line defenses are anatomical barriers whereas the second line defenses are mechanisms

D

The granules of basophils contain ______. A. lysozyme B. antigens C. antibodies D. histamine E. digestive enzymes

D

The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) is an intricate network throughout the body that comprises______. A. connective tissue and lymphocytes B. connective tissue fibers, mast cells, and basophils C. connective tissue and monocytes D. connective tissue fibers and phagocytic white blood cells

D

True/False: Despite not being a physical barrier, the resident microbiota are considered part of the first line of defense since they stimulate inflammation and fever, enhancing pathogen removal.

F

True/False: Monocytes are the mature form of macrophages; they are found in tissues.

F

True/False: Certain complement components stimulate inflammation and phagocytosis.

T

True/False: The second line of defense includes inflammation, phagocytosis, fever, and antimicrobial proteins.

T