RM
Ethical decision making is
based on a balance of priorities.
When conducting animal research, which guideline states that alternatives to animal research should be considered?
replacement
What is the difference between a ratio scale of measurement and an interval scale of measurement?
A ratio scale of measurement has a zero value that actually means "nothing" or "the absence of something," but an interval scale does not.
The ethical principles that govern psychological research and the code of conduct for how to protect human and nonhuman participants in research are published by the
American Psychological Association
What is a suitable reason for using debriefing in a study?
It informs participants about the presence and purpose of deception in a study.
it is not possible for:
a measure to be valid and not reliable
The APA added two additional ethical principles to the Belmont Report. These were
fidelity/responsibility and integrity
Which types of reliability can be analyzed with scatterplots?
interrater reliability and test-retest reliability
Which of the following is true of the debriefing?
Participants must be told the reasons for the deception.
Which of the following can be excluded from your informed consent document?
a description of the study's hypotheses
known-groups paradigm
a method for establishing criterion validity, in which a researcher tests two or more groups, who are known to differ on the variable of interest, to ensure that they score differently on a measure of that variable
When is it acceptable for a researcher to study participants only from a specific group, such as a researcher studying depression in a sample of Native American women?
if the specific group being studied is especially prone to the problem being studied (e.g., if depression rates are higher in Native American women)
According to the Belmont Report, which of the following groups of people is entitled to special protection?
people with developmental disabilities
face validity
plausible operationalization of the conceptual definition of a construct
why might researchers falsify data
pressure to publish findings
In Milgram's (1963) experiments on obedience to authority, participants were led to believe that they were shocking a "learner" in another room each time the learner made an error. What was the main risk to participants in Milgram's study?
psychological distress
Dr. Rodriguez is interested in studying the impact of exercise on synaptic connections in the hippocampus of rats. However, before the study begins, construction work to renovate another lab on the floor above Dr. Rodriguez's lab begins. Dr. Rodriquez notices that his rats appear distressed by the construction noises, so he negotiates to have his laboratory temporarily moved to another building. What guideline for animal care in research is Dr. Rodriguez following?
refinement
Belmont Report
respect for persons, beneficence, justice
In considering whether research is ethical, which of the following are balanced against each other?
risk to participants versus value of the knowledge gained
discriminant validity
scores on the measure are not related to other measures that are theoretically different
convergent validity
scores on the measure are related to other measures of the same construct
criterion validity
the extent to which a measure is related to an outcome it should be associated with
content validity
the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
In addition to the three principles derived from the Belmont Report, which of the following two principles were added in the principles put forth by the American Psychological Association?
the principle of integrity and fidelity/responsibility
Why might a researcher debrief his participants even if his study didn't include any deceptive elements?
to ensure that his participants had an educational research experience
