RM225: Chapter 10 Quiz

How many possible orders for full counterbalancing are there in a study with four conditions? - 4 - 8 - 16 - 24

24

Participants in a research study are given a list of words to study for 3 minutes and then, after a delay, are asked to recall the list. The length of the delay is manipulated between participants to be either 2 minutes, 5 minutes, or 10 minutes. Which of the following scenarios would present a design confound in this experiment? - All participants in the 2-minute condition are tested at 8:00 a.m., those in the 5-minute condition are tested at noon, and those in the 10-minute condition are tested at 4:00 p.m. - The same list is used for each condition and is randomized for each participant. - The three groups are run simultaneously in three different rooms, and the room for each condition is randomly chosen before each group arrives. - Three different experimenters are in charge of administering the task, and they rotate which condition they are administering.

All participants in the 2-minute condition are tested at 8:00 a.m., those in the 5-minute condition are tested at noon, and those in the 10-minute condition are tested at 4:00 p.m.

Which of the following is an extra dependent variable that can be used to help researchers quantify how well an experimental manipulation worked? - a pilot study - a Latin square - counterbalancing - a manipulation check

a manipulation check

Which of the following is a simple study that uses a separate group of participants that is generally completed before conducting the study of primary interest to confirm the effectiveness of a manipulation? - a pilot study - a Latin square - counterbalancing - a manipulation check

a pilot study

In a business class experiment on the endowment effect, Theo is comparing the value of a coffee mug to someone who owns it and is selling it to someone who is buying it. The endowment effect describes the tendency of sellers to value something they own more than buyers do. Participants are randomly assigned to be buyers or sellers of a mug with their first name on it. Buyers select the maximum price they would pay for the mug. Sellers select the minimum price they would accept for the mug. Theo controls for selection effects in which of the following ways? - by using a control group - by using matched-groups design - by using random assignment of participants - by using a pretest/posttest design

by using random assignment of participants

Which is the name for the level of the independent variable intended to represent a neutral condition? - treatment group - manipulation group - experimental group - control group

control group

Which is the name for a variable the experimenter holds constant on purpose? - dependent variable - independent variable - control variable - confound variable

control variable

Eric designs a study to examine drink preferences of university freshmen. He is planning to have all the freshmen who participate in his study drink a cup of coffee, then rate their enjoyment of the coffee; then drink a cup of tea and rate their enjoyment of the tea; and, finally, drink a cup of milk and rate their enjoyment of the milk. Eric tells Theresa about the plans for his study and she says she is concerned he could have a problem with order effect in his study. Eric could fix this problem by using which of the following? - matched groups - random sampling - counterbalancing - random assignment

counterbalancing

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of within-groups designs? - demand characteristics - nonequivalent groups - requirement of more participants - less statistical power

demand characteristics

In psychology lab, Tetiana is conducting an experiment on depth perception using the Howard-Dolman box. Inside the box are two vertical rods and a horizontal ruler. The participant manipulates the rods until they appear to be aligned at the same distance, then the experimenter measures how far out of alignment they are. There are three conditions: left eye only, right eye only, and both eyes. Tetiana is using a repeated-measures design. Which is the dependent variable in this experiment? - distance out of alignment of the rods - how long the participant takes to complete the experiment - improvement in performance by the participant - eye/eyes used

distance out of alignment of the rods

In psychology lab, Tetiana is conducting an experiment on depth perception using the Howard-Dolman box. Inside the box are two vertical rods and a horizontal ruler. The participant manipulates the rods until they appear to be aligned at the same distance, then the experimenter measures how far out of alignment they are. There are three conditions: left eye only, right eye only, and both eyes. Tetiana is using a repeated-measures design. Which is the independent variable in this experiment? - depth perception - number of trials - disparity from perfect alignment - eye/eyes used

eye/eyes used

Which of the following validities is correctly matched with the technique to address concerns regarding that validity? - external validity and random assignment - external validity and counterbalancing - internal validity and random sampling - internal validity and random assignment

internal validity and random assignment

In an experiment, researchers do which of the following? - measure more than two variables - measure two variables - manipulate two variables - manipulate one variable and measure another

manipulate one variable and measure another

Kathryn wants to control for intelligence in her study. She has a list of all the participants for her study and their IQ scores. She sorts the list of participants according to their IQ scores and then forms groups, making sure the groups are balanced in terms of IQ scores. Finally, she randomly assigns each group to one of the conditions of her study. Which kind of design is Kathryn using? - independent groups - concurrent measures - matched groups - within groups

matched groups

According to Cohen's conventions for effect size, how do you describe an effect size when d = 0.50? - nonexistent - weak - moderate - strong

moderate

Dr. Keller wants to test the effect of a new antianxiety medication. He recruits a group of anxious patients and randomly assigns them to two groups. One group will receive his new medication and the other will receive a sugar pill. The second group is called which of the following? - treatment group - placebo group - experimental group - manipulation group

placebo group

Which kind of design is an experiment in which each participant is randomly assigned to one level of the independent variable and then tested on the dependent variable once? - within groups - repeated measures - pretest/posttest - posttest only

posttest only

Leigh is interested in looking at how caloric intake affects performance. She conducts a study in which participants drink a cup of water before completing a task, then eat small meal before completing the task again. Based on her study design, which of the following should she be concerned about? - random effects - selection effects - practice effects - carryover effects

practice effects

Cara is running a study to examine the effect of music on mood. She randomly assigns participants to three conditions: rock, jazz, and country. She has the participants rate their mood with a short questionnaire, then listen to their assigned music for 20 minutes, and then fill out the mood questionnaire again. Which kind of design is she using? - posttest only - pretest/posttest - concurrent measures - repeated measures

pretest/posttest

Eric designs a study to examine drink preferences of university freshmen. He is planning to have all the freshmen who participate in his study drink a cup of coffee and then rate their enjoyment of the coffee; then drink a cup of tea and rate their enjoyment of the tea; and, finally, drink a cup of milk and rate their enjoyment of the milk. Which kind of design is this? - posttest only - pretest/posttest - concurrent measures - repeated measures

repeated measures

In a business class experiment on the endowment effect, Theo is comparing the value of a coffee mug to someone who owns it and is selling it to someone who is buying it. The endowment effect describes the tendency of sellers to value something they own more than buyers do. Participants are randomly assigned to be buyers or sellers of a mug with their first name on it. Buyers select the maximum price they would pay for the mug. Sellers select the minimum price they would accept for the mug. Which is the independent variable in this experiment? - role of the participant - value selected for the mug - the endowment effect - type of mug

role of the participant

Participants in a research study are given a list of words to study for 3 minutes and then, after a delay, are asked to recall the list. The length of the delay is manipulated between participants to be either 2 minutes, 5 minutes, or 10 minutes. Because different groups need different amounts of time, the first 25 participants who arrive are assigned to the 10-minute group, the next 25 are assigned to the 5-minute group, and the final 25 are assigned to the 2-minute group. Which confound does this create? - demand characteristic - selection effect - experimenter bias - carryover effect

selection effect

In psychology lab, Tetiana is conducting an experiment on depth perception using the Howard-Dolman box. Inside the box are two vertical rods and a horizontal ruler. The participant manipulates the rods until they appear to be aligned at the same distance, then the experimenter measures how far out of alignment they are. There are three conditions: left eye only, right eye only, and both eyes. Tetiana is using a repeated-measures design. She finds d = 1.53. Which effect size is this? - weak - moderate - strong - This cannot be determined without knowing the number of participants.

strong

In a business class experiment on the endowment effect, Theo is comparing the value of a coffee mug to someone who owns it and is selling it to someone who is buying it. The endowment effect describes the tendency of sellers to value something they own more than buyers do. Participants are randomly assigned to be buyers or sellers of a mug with their first name on it. Buyers select the maximum price they would pay for the mug. Sellers select the minimum price they would accept for the mug. Which is the dependent variable in this experiment? - role of the participant - value selected for the mug - type of mug - the range of prices the buyer and seller each consider

value selected for the mug

In psychology lab, Tetiana is conducting an experiment on depth perception using the Howard-Dolman box. Inside the box are two vertical rods and a horizontal ruler. The participant manipulates the rods until they appear to be aligned at the same distance, then the experimenter measures how far out of alignment they are. There are three conditions: left eye only, right eye only, and both eyes. Tetiana is using a repeated-measures design. The independent variable in Tetiana's design is being manipulated in which of the following ways? - independent groups - within-groups - concurrently - as a participant variable

within-groups