Rocks and Minerals Unit Review
Which type of rock is a foliated metamorphic rock? granite marble quartzite slate
slate
Which type of rock forms when molten material cools and hardens inside Earth? an igneous rock an extrusive rock a rock with fine texture a rock with small crystals
an igneous rock
Which phrase describes a metamorphic rock? formed from a volcano was once buried underground formed from evaporating water contains minerals that have not changed
was once buried underground
Which statement describes the relationship between minerals and rocks? Minerals and rocks are the same. Aggregates of minerals form rocks. Minerals determine the texture of a rock. Most rocks are made of a single mineral type.
Aggregates of minerals form rocks.
Study the image of this rock. Which characteristic best supports its formation from sedimentary processes? It has many layers. It is coarse-grained. Its grain shape is round. Its texture is non-banded.
It has many layers.
An igneous rock has small, dark crystals. Which statement also accurately describes this rock? It is an intrusive rock. It has a coarse texture. It was found on Earth's surface. It was formed from slow cooling.
It was found on Earth's surface.
During the formation of metamorphic rocks, what is one event that leads to increased heat? Sun warms rocks. Magma pockets rise. Friction occurs between sliding rocks. Lava at Earth's surface flows over rocks.
Magma pockets rise.
Which statement describes one role of minerals during cementation? Minerals bind sediments together. Compressed minerals form new rock. Sediments dissolve and bind minerals together. Spaces between minerals are filled with sediments.
Minerals bind sediments together.
Which processes contribute to the formation of chemical sedimentary rocks? Organisms decay in a solution. Minerals dissolve and crystalize. Rock fragments squeeze together. The remains of plants and animals.
Minerals dissolve and crystalize.
Which property is used to identify the origin of an igneous rock? color density hardness crystal size
NOT: hardness (MOST LIKELY: crystal size)
During the formation of metamorphic rocks, what most likely causes pressure to increase? Magma pockets rise. Gravity pulls on rocks. Rocks melt deep beneath Earth's surface. Rocks beneath Earth's surface are forced toward the mantle.
Rocks beneath Earth's surface are forced toward the mantle.
As streams flow through Stone Mountain, layers of sand build up. Over time, the sand particles form a sedimentary rock called sandstone. What causes sandstone to change into metamorphic rock at Stone Mountain? Sandstone is reshaped by erosion from a stream. Sandstone builds up layers of sand at the mountain. Sandstone experiences intense heat and pressure. Sandstone has more sand particles compacted on top of it.
Sandstone experiences intense heat and pressure.
Study the image. Which statement best describes the rock? The rock has fine grains. The grains of the rock are sharp or jagged. The rock is banded. The bands of the rock run from the top to the bottom.
The rock has fine grains.
In the formation of metamorphic rocks, what effect do temperature and pressure primarily have? They erode rocks. They create layers. They make rocks smaller. They change existing minerals.
They change existing minerals.
Study this image. Which statement best describes the rock shown? The grains of this rock are jagged. The grains in this rock are tiny. This rock has a non-banded pattern. The color of this rock is determined by its texture
This rock has a non-banded pattern.
An igneous rock is light in color and has extremely coarse grains. What is the most likely origin of the rock? a magma chamber the bottom of the ocean an outer slope of a volcano the shore of a volcanic island
a magma chamber
Which process binds together sediment to form new rock? cementation compaction deposition erosion
cementation
Which type of sedimentary rock forms from weathered sediment? chemical clastic coal organic
clastic
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock. Which two processes cause sand particles to form sandstone? cementation and cooling compaction and cementation cooling and erosion erosion and heating
compaction and cementation
An igneous rock has a large amount of feldspar. Feldspar can be used to classify the rock based on which characteristic? age composition origin texture
composition
Which two features of igneous rocks are determined by their cooling rate? color and shininess shininess and hardness hardness and crystal size crystal size and rock texture
crystal size and rock texture
Which describes a characteristic of quartzite? igneous foliated does not split into layers grains arranged in parallel layers
does not split into layers
Which process moves small rock pieces during sedimentary rock formation? compaction deposition erosion weathering
erosion
Which two parts of sedimentary rock formation include the breakdown and carrying away of existing rock? cementation and erosion compaction and cementation deposition and compaction erosion and weathering
erosion and weathering
Which mineral is commonly found in igneous rocks? halite feldspar gypsum talc
feldspar
Valerie creates a model using three different rocks. The rocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. Which property does Valerie use for classification purposes? color formation shape texture
formation
The image shows metamorphic rock. Which phrase accurately describes this rock? randomly arranged grains formed through sedimentation formed by extreme heat and pressure grains that do not split into layers
formed by extreme heat and pressure
Which correctly lists three factors that contribute to weathering of rock? ice, water wind layers, minerals, water minerals, water, ice water, minerals, wind
ice, water wind
Which property of a rock determines its color? its grain size its method of formation its mineral composition its coarse-grain content
its mineral composition
Which two materials form igneous rocks upon cooling? lava and crystals magma and lava crystals and intrusive rocks intrusive rocks and sediment from rocks
magma and lava
This image shows the rock cycle. Which event most likely occurs at point K? cooling cementing melting weathering
melting
Florian discovers a rock that is broken into pieces. Each piece has several bands. Which type of rock does Florian predict these pieces will change into when subjected to heat and pressure? igneous magma metamorphic sedimentary
metamorphic
An igneous rock is found on the ground and has no identifiable crystals. What is the most likely origin of this rock? molten material that cooled slowly molten material that cooled quickly rock that was eroded by surrounding rocks rock that was exposed to extreme pressure
molten material that cooled quickly
Which main type of sedimentary rock forms from dead plant and animal material? chemical clastic organic shale
organic
Which correctly lists three agents that loosen and carry away rock during the erosion process? animals, heat, sediment heat, wind, plants plants, animals, wind sediment, heat, plants
plants, animals, wind
Which are the two agents that are necessary in the formation of metamorphic rocks? erosion and heat heat and lava lava and pressure pressure and heat
pressure and heat
Which phrase describes foliated rocks? tend to break in half grains arranged randomly tend to split apart along bands grains arranged in increasing size
tend to split apart along bands
Which describes gneiss? igneous formed from shells tends to split along bands grains randomly arranged
tends to split along bands
The image shows an example of a sedimentary rock. Which feature of this rock demonstrates that it is an organic rock? the varying sizes of its rock fragments the visible pieces of sediment it contains the ocean animals deposited in its layers the crystals of dissolved minerals it contains
the ocean animals deposited in its layers
Which feature is used to classify a rock based on its composition? the origin of the rock the texture of the rock the types of minerals in the rock the shapes of the crystals in the rock
the types of minerals in the rock