Roots, Stems, and Leaves Quiz

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where is the vascular cylinder of a root?

in center of the root

what happens during periods of secondary growth?

increases in width

root hairs anchor plants and help them absorb water and minerals by

increasing the root's surface area

during periods of primary growth, stems and roots become

longer

in what part of a leaf does not photosynthesis take a place?

mesophyll

insects captured by predatory plants provide the plant with

nitrogen

the function of guard cells is to

open and close the stomata

division of a plant's apical meristem cells produces

primary growth

what does the root cap do?

protects the tip of a growing root

what do the stomata do?

regulates the loss of water and exchange gases with the atmosphere

how do guard cells that surround a stomata open?

the guard cells swell with water, opening the stomata

what are two functions that roots provide a plant?

they anchor the plant to the ground and absorb water and minerals the plant needs

what is the result of desert plants thick cuticles and spines?

they minimize water loss

what is the primary function of root hairs?

to absorb water and minerals

what is the primary role of ground tissue in the center of roots and stems?

to provide support

what are two characteristics of leaves that can be used for identifying plants?

vein pattern and leaf shape

what type of plant undergoes secondary growth?

woody plants

how is plant development similar to animal development?

because newly formed plant cells differentiate to form specialized cells

most leaves have a broad, flat part called a

blade

what are three ways that plants are adapted to photosynthesis?

broad shape, many chloroplasts, stomata

garden-pea tendrils are specialized leaves, what are they used for?

climbing

thin leaves such as spines and needles are adaptations to

dry climates

what are the two basic forms of roots?

fibrous roots and taproots

what can you infer from a thick annual ring inside a thin annual ring in a tree trunk?

good conditions followed by harsher conditions


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