Science 9th test notes

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a structural symbol that represents the arrangements of atoms and the bonds between them within a molecule is call an____

Lewis dot structure

An element's symbol surrounded by dots that represent its valence electrons is called _____________________.

Lewis structure or electron dot notation

an unbonded atoms ability to attract and hold electrons is its___

electron affinity

one of the most effective models for describing the effective electron transfers that occur in an ionic compound is_____

electron dot notation

Metal elements typically form covalent bonds with other metals.

false

Most atoms share, gain, or lose valence electrons in order to attain six electrons in their highest energy level when they bond.

false

Most molecules are linear.

false

The bond between Na+ and Cl- in NaCl is an example of a purely ionic bond.

false

A given covalent bond can exist between only two atoms.

true

An atom's chemical instability is mainly due to an unfilled valence energy level.

true

An ionic bond forms between oppositely charged ions

true

An ionic compound's crystal lattice consists of a repeating pattern of positive and negative ions.

true

Bonding pairs of electrons spend most of their time between covalently bonded atoms.

true

Both bond type and bond strength are determined mainly by electronegativity difference.

true

Covalent bonds are most common between nonmetal elements.

true

Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons.

true

Current flows in an electrolyte solution because anions flow toward the positive electrode and cations flow toward the negative electrode.

true

Diatomic oxygen contains two bonding pairs of electrons.

true

Electronegativity is one measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons.

true

Electrons shared in covalent bonds are not necessarily equally shared.

true

Ionic bonds are generally much stronger than covalent bonds.

true

Ions may gain or lose more than one electron to form ionic bonds.

true

Metals generally have smaller electron affinities than nonmetals do.

true

Unpaired electrons are bonding sites for covalent bonds.

true

Electronegativity is a property of ____ atoms

bonded

electronegativity applies only to___

bonded atoms

Only one covalent bond can exist between two atoms

false

in a(n)____ bond , one atom loses almost all influence over its original valence electrons and the other acquires those electrons

ionic

large organic (such as proteins) with unique properties are called

macro molecules

An atom has a stronger attraction for electrons if it has a(n) _____ electron affinity

negative

atoms are generally most stable when they acquire a complete valence energy level. This is statement is called_____

octet

a covalent bond is achieved by ____ electrons

sharing

a covalent bond is achieved by what electrons

sharing

Every diatomic nitrogen molecule has a triple covalent bond. How many electrons does each nitrogen atom contribute to the bond?

three

. In an ionic bond, the electron is more likely to be found near the nonmetal atom.

true

Organic compounds are covalent compounds

true

chemical bonds involve mainly the ___ electrons of the bonding atoms

valence electrons

the electronegativities' of the elements in an ionic bond tend to be ____

very different

Normally atoms are most stable when they_____

attain a full valence shell of electrons

the three vast dimensional particle structure of an ionic compound is called a_____

crystal lattice

A double covalent bond is weaker than a single bond.

false

An element with a positive electron affinity is more stable when it acquires electrons.

false

By definition, diatomic elements contain covalent bonds.

false

Covalent compounds cannot exist as solids at standard conditions.

false

Diatomic elements consist of simple molecules made of the atoms of two different elements.

false

Lewis structures clearly describe the structure of an ionic compound.

false

elements with the lowest electronegativities tend to have ______ valence electrons. Most of these elements are classified as _____

few/metal

the electro negativity the atoms of two different non-metal is ___ zero

greater than

two atoms are most likely to form an ionic bond if they

have greatly different electronegativities

Ionic bonds tend to form between ______ and _________ elements.

metals , nonmetals

the family of elements with the overall lowest electrons if it has an ____ electron affinity

noble gases

how many electrons does the element hydrogen (group 1 A) have to share in covalent bonding?

one

a molecule that contains carbon and at least one hydrogen atom is call an

organic

two atoms with nearly full valence shells and similar electronegativities can bond by________

sharing

Elements with nearly full valence energy levels have high electronegativities.

true

Most metals have only one or two loosely held valence electrons

true

Polar diatomic molecules are partially charged on each end

true

Two atoms of the same nonmetal element bond together to form a diatomic molecule.

true

how many electrons does the element oxygen (group 6A) have to share in covalent bonding?

two

Chemical bonds involve mainly an atoms___

valence electrons


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