Science Chapter 23
Geocentric theory
A model of the solar system that placed the earth at its center and the sun with the planets orbiting the earth in perfectly circular paths.
Heliocentric theory
A model of the solar system that places the sun at its center with the earth and the other planets orbiting around it.
Who predicted a comet later named in his honor?
Halley
what is the largest planet in our solar system
Jupiter
who formulated three laws of planetary motion?
Kepler
what is the smallest planet in our solar system
Mercury
Who applied gravity to planetary movement?
Newton
who introduced the heliocentric model?
Nicolaus Copernicus
who proposed deferents and epicycles
Ptolemy
Solar sysytem
The Sun and all the planets and other objects its gravity holds in orbit around it
Who combined geocentric and heliocentric models?
Tycho
ellipse
a geometric figure that appears as a flattened circle
moon
a natural satellite of a planet
asteroid
a rocky object in orbit around the sun that is large enough to be observed from earth.
comet
an object in orbit around the sun made of rock and different kinds of ice that when close enough to the sun is visible from earth with a comma and a tail
meteorite
can survive passage through the earth's atmosphere and reach the surface
small solar system body
doesn't meet the definition of a planet or a dwarf planet
who was persecuted for criticizing the geocentric model?
galileo
What do we call the gas giants that are larger than earth and primarily made of gas?
gas giants
meteor
glowing meteoroid that enters earths atmosphere
what are planets that are closer to the sun than earth called?
inferior planets
Planet
orbits the sun, has a spherical shape, and has enough gravity to clear the region of its orbit of smaller objects.
dwarf planet
orbits the sun, rigid and nearly spherical, doesn't have enough gravity to clear other objects from its orbit
terrestrial planet
planets about the same size and density as earth
Meteroid
rocky object in orbit around the sun that is too small to be observed from earth.
jovian planet
similar in size in composition to Jupiter
what are planets that are farther from the sun than earth called?
superior planets
what are planets that are similar to Earth in density and size called?
terrestrial planets
what is a planetary retrograde motion?
the apparent motion of planets going backward in the night sky
orbit
the regular, elliptical path one astronomical body takes around another