SCIENCE - Chapter 5 Lesson 1 - SHORT ANSWER

Name four Complex Patterns of Inheritance

1) INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE: White flowers x Red flowers = pink flowers (mix) 2) CODOMINANCE: White cow x Red cow = red and white cow (roan) 3) POLYGENINIC INHERITANCE: Eye Color 4) MULTIPLE ALLELES: Blood Type

What are three environmental factors that can influence plant phenotypes?

1) amount of water 2) type of soil 3) amount of light

List reasons why Mendel chose pea plants for his genetic study?

1) reproduce quickly; 2) easily observed traits; 3) the experimenter could control the study

Ways in which cross-pollination can occur?

1. Naturally (pistil, pollen, stamens) and 2. Artificially (stamens)

Ways in which cross Pollination occurs naturally by?

1. water, 2. bees, 3. wind or 4. animals carry pollen from one flower to another

A true-breeding purple plant and a true-breeding white plant cross-pollinate. The offspring will be ____________________.

75% purple and 25% white

How determine if wrinkled leaves or smooth leaves are dominant factor in a true-breeding plant?

By the color of the offspring

Show a first generation cross between two true-breeding pea plants - one with purple flowers (genotype PP) and one with white flowers (genotype pp)

P P p p

Show a second-generation (hybrid) cross between two of the plants from the first generation cross

P p P p

Which factor determines the wing pattern and coloration of the map butterfly?

Temperature

What causes a Siamese cat to have dark fur on some parts of its body?

The colder areas of its body are darker in color (extremities)

Cross Pollination occurs artificially by?

removing the stamens of one flower and pollinating that flower with pollen from a flower of a different plant.

Explain the pattern produced when Mendel created two hybrids for a given trait?

the first generation didn't show white until the 2nd generation