Science study guide electrons and all that

Describe the magnetic poles: strength, type

There are two magnetic poles on a magnet: north and south. Their opposite ends attract, and the like ends repel. Their magnetic fields always go from north to south.

Contrast Earth's magnetic poles to Earth's geographic poles.

Geographic north and south poles are determined by the earth's spin. They are the locations on earth through which the axis of the earth's spin passes. Magnetic north is determined by the direction a compass points

What produces the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire? What is a current-carrying wire? What happens to the magnetic field as the electric current increases

In a current-carrying wire, the magnetic fields of the flowing charges combine to produce a magnetic field around the wire. The magnetic field around a current-carrying wire forms closed circles. Because negatively charged electrons are moving in the wire, the magnet applies a force to the moving charges.

What factors affect the magnetic strength of an electromagnet? How can the strength be increased - state two ways

The two ways it can be increased is looping the wire more , and getting a stronger core.

How can a neutral atom become positively charged? How can it become negatively charged? What are charged atoms called?

When an atom gains one or more electrons, it becomes negatively charged. If an atom loses one or more electrons, it becomes positively charged. Electrically charged atoms are called ions.

If two objects have increased charges on them, what happens to the strength of the electrical force? What will happen to the magnitude of the force if the particles get closer together? What happens to magnetic force as magnets move apart from each other

When two objects have increased charges, the strength of the force will increase. If the particles get closer together, the magntiude of the force on the particles will also increase. As the magnets move apart from each other, their fields seperate.

How are electric motors used in everyday life?

There are electric motors in cars. They make the windows go up and down, they make the windhield wipers move, and so much more.

What is an electromagnet? List 3 ways that an electromagnet is it different from a permanent magnet?

A permentent magnet is a real magnet, however the electromagnet has an current that makes it act as a magnet. The strength of Permanent Magnet depends on the material used for its creation, on the other hand, the strength of Electromagnet varies according to the flow of electric current into it. Also a perment magnet Stays a Magent the electric current can be turned off and on to be a magent.

List the steps on how to make an electromagnet

An electric current in a wire produces a magnetic field around the wire. The strength of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire can increase when the wire goes into a coil. The magnetic fields around the individual loops of the coil combine, making the magnetic field around the wire stronger.

What is an electric field? Describe the type of force electrical fields can apply to other objects

An electric field is the region surrounding a charged object. Electric fields can apply a force to another object even if it is not touching that other object.

Electric motors spin. What is making it spin? Discuss the role of the electromagnet, like and unlike poles.

Another thing we can do with electromagnets is that the magnetic poles can be reversed. This property of electromagnets is what makes an electric motor spin. When an electric current is supplied to the motor, the unlike poles of the permanent magnet and electromagnet attract each other, causing the motor to begin to turn.

What is a magnetic material? What is a ferromagnetic material?

Any material that is strongly attracted to a magnet is a magnetic material. Magnetic materials often contain ferromagnetic elements. Ferromagnetic elements are elements, including iron, nickel, and cobalt, that have an especially strong attraction to magnets.

What happens to the strength of the magnetic force with distance?

Distance makes the force weaker unless they are near each other

What type of particles are moving in an electric current? What determines the direction of the force on the wire?

Each atom contains three types of particles with different characteristics; positive protons, neutral neutrons, and negative electrons. The positive sign for current corresponds to the direction a positive charge would move. In metal wires, current is carried by negatively charged electrons, so the positive current arrow points in the opposite direction the electrons move.,

What would you expect to see in each case with the iron filings? Draw a picture of each scenario.

For north to north they would all be clumped up together at the north ends. However you do have field lines that show u when the filings are attracting and repealing. North to south i would expect to see field lines going from north to the south ends,(Being strongest at the poles.)

When does a magnetic material behave like a magnet? What has to happen to the magnetic fields of the atoms in the material for it to act as a magnet?

In a magnetic material all the atoms in it form groups called magnetic domains. All the magnetic filed of the atoms have to point the same direction for it to become magnetized.

Why is a compass needle attracted to magnetic fields? Does it always point to the poles? Explain why or why not

It is attracted to the arths magnetic fields because it is a tiny magnet. It always point to the poles because it is being attracted to them.

. Describe how electrically charged objects interact: oppositely charged objects interact in what way? Similarly charged objects interact in what way?

It is somewhat similar to the way charged particles interact with each other. The electric force applied by an object's electric field will either attract or repel other charged objects, depending on if the charge is positive or negative. Summarily charged objects repel different ones attract.

List and describe the particles in an atom: name, location, charge

Nucleons include protons and neutrons. All the positive charge of an atom is contained in the nucleus, and originates from the protons. Neutrons are neutrally-charged. Electrons, which are negatively-charged, are located outside of the nucleus.

How do OBJECTs become electrically charged? What causes an object to become negatively charged? What causes an object to become positively charged

Objects can become electrically charged because some objects hold electrons more loosely than other objects. So electrons can move from one object to another. When this happens the positive charge and negative charge on the objects are unbalanced. It is negatively charged when some of the electrons transfer over to the object, and the same goes for a positively charged object.

Describe the interaction between charged particles: How do oppositely charged particles interact? How do like-charged particles interact? How do charged particles interact with neutral particles?

Opposite: They are attracted to each other because their poles are different Equal: They repel against each other because their poles are the same Neutral: Neutral objects do not attract or repel against each other

Describe the forces between magnetic poles: how do similar poles interact? How do opposite poles interact?

Similar: the like ends repel each other Different: opposite ends atteact each other

Compare and contrast temporary and permanent magnets.

Temporary: the material is only magnetized when it is close to a magnetic filed. Once it leaves, it becomes normal again Permanent: these are always magnetized, even when they are removed from a magnetic field

What two factors affect the strength of the electric force between objects? How does each factor affect the strength of the electric force? Does it increase it or decrease

The amount of charge and distance. Distance will either decrease or increase it depending if it's far away it won't be very strong but if it's close it will be strong. The greater the charge the greater the force is.

What is a magnetic field?

The area of magnetic force around a magnet

What is the charge on an atom? Why (discuss the proton and electron count in relation to each other)

The charge on an atom is neutral, because it has equal amounts of positive and negative charges ( electrons and protons ) If one has more positive then the other it's positively charged, more negative negatively charged.

How do magnetic fields and electric currents affect a compass needle? Why?

The compass needle will point in the direction of the field and current because it is being attracted to it because it is a tiny magnet.

Describe the magnetic fields formed when opposite poles are near each other. Describe them when same poles are near each other

The fields will attract to the opposite polls however when they are the same they will repel.

Describe Earth's magnetic field: Why does Earth have a magnetic field (what is causing it?) How does it benefit life on Earth

The magnetic field is generated by electric currents due to the motion of convection currents of molten iron in the Earth's outer core. It has it due to earths core, this benefits life because without it we would be exposed to bad radiation and space.

Describe magnetic field lines: direction, where are they strongest and how can you tell, where are they weakest and how can you tell

The magnetic filed lines always go from north to south. It is strongest right at the poles, because the magnetic field lines are closer to it. As the magnetic field lines go farther apart, the field and the force become weaker, or weaker in the center. Since the filings would be more apart.

What happens to the magnetic domains in a nail when it comes close to a magnet?

The magnetic fileds all begin to pont in the same direction, which is in the direction of the magnet.

Where is the strongest part of an electrical field?

The strongest part is the core of the electromagnet.

Why are most objects/materials non-magnetic? Talk about the magnetic field of the atoms in most objects.

They are all mostly nonmagnetic because the magnetic field of all the atoms inside the objects and materials dont pint in the same direction; they point in many different and random directions

If you look at iron filings around two un-marked magnets, how could you tell if the magnet poles were north to north or north to south? What would you expect to see in each case with the iron filings? Draw a picture of each scenario

We can tell because they always go from north to south, and not south to north. The iron fillings would show its filed lines