Science Test - Acids and Bases
Emission of light and heat, emission of gas, a precipitate, color change, emission of smell
5 evidences of a chemical reaction
Precipitate
A solid that can form when two liquids are mixed together
Base
A solution that has an excess of OH (hydroxide) ions
sour, conduct electricity, corrosive, some react with metals
Acid properties
H
Acids always have an ____ at the beginning of the formula
H+, Hydrogen
Acids have an excess of ____ (________) ions
red
Acids turn blue litmus paper____.
reds, oranges
Acids turn pH paper _____ and ____.
pH paper
An indicator that goes from a pH of zero to fourteen and only one to give an exact pH
slippery, bitter, corrosive, conduct electricity,
Base properties
OH
Bases always have ___ at the end of it.
OH, Hydroxide
Bases have an excess of _____ (______) ions
greens, blues
Bases turn pH paper _____ and ______.
blue
Bases turn red litmus paper _____.
H3O+
Chemical Formula for Hydronium
vinegar, baking soda, water
For my control test, I got a bowl of ______ to test acids and a bowl of ________ _____ mixed with _____ for a base.
NH3
Formula for Ammonia
NaHCO3
Formula for Baking Soda
C6H8O7
Formula for Citric Acid
HCl
Formula for Hydrochloric Acid
NaOH
Formula for Sodium Hydroxide
H2SO4
Formula for Sulfuric Acid
Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement
Four classes of reactions
Bubbles formed, when you "poured" the gas over the bag, the flame was extinguished
In Chemical Reaction #1 what was proof that carbon dioxide was formed?
Carbon dioxide is heavier than oxygen so it sank down.
In Chemical Reaction #1 why were you able to "pour" carbon dioxide?
gas bubbles, smell
In Chemical Reaction #1hat was the evidence that a chemical reaction occurred
gas bubbles, helped to light the fire
In Chemical Reaction #2 how did you know oxygen was formed?
hydrogen gas reacting to the flame
In Chemical Reaction #2 what made the pop sound?
temperature change, gas bubbles produced
In Chemical Reaction #2 what was the evidence that a chemical reaction took place
base, acid
In Litmus paper- if the red turns blue, the solution is a _____. If the blue turns red, the solution is an _____.
It turned bright yellow and then bright red.
In the "Baggie Lab" how we do know that it was an acid/base reaction
It turned a bright yellow - acid. Then it turned red - base
In the "Baggie Lab" what color did the substance turn? Is it an acid, base,or both?
Our bag grew very warm and we measured the temperature to be 25 degrees Celcius
In the "Baggie Lab" what temperature did bag turn? Did it grow warmer? cooler?
phenol red
In the "Baggie Lab" what was the indicator?
Carbon dioxide because when you inserted the splint, the flame went out
In the "Baggie Lab"what gas was produced? How did you know?
Vinegar and Baking Soda
In the Mixed Reactions Lab, which chemicals produced a gas?
Vinegar and Salt
In the Mixed Reactions Lab, which mixture didn't produce a reaction?
Station 1: hydrogen peroxide and yeast Station 3: water and calcium chloride
In the Mixed Reactions lab, which chemicals reacted? (Hint: Stations 1 and 3)
Snowstorm in a bottle
In what lab did we do that produced a precipitate?
Chemistry in a Bag
Lab where there was a color change
Snowstorm in a Bottle
Lab where there was a precipitate
Baking Soda and Vinegar
Lab where there was an emission of heat.
Sparkler on a Stick
Lab where there was an emission of light and heat
The Dip Lab
Lab where there were gas bubbles
AB --> A + B
Reaction Pattern for Decomposition Reaction
AB + CD --> AC + BD
Reaction Pattern for Double Replacement Reaction
AB + C --> AC + B
Reaction Pattern for Single Replacement Reaction
A + B --> AB
Reaction Pattern for a Synthesis Reaction
Ammonia
The exception to the rule of bases having OH at the end is _______.
0, 14, 7
The pH scale ranges from numbers ____ to ____ . The middle, ____, is neutral
iron oxide
The result of an oxidation-reduction reaction is a _________ _______ which many people call "rust".
Citric Acid, Sulfuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid
Three common acids
Ammonia, Baking Soda, Sodium Hydroxide
Three common bases
Noble Gases and Transition Metals
Two of the least reactive elements.
Alkali Metals and Halogens
Two of the most reactive elements.
Litmus Paper
Used to determine whether a substance is an acid or base Base: turns blue in presence of base Acid: turns red in presence of acid
cleaning supplies, bleach, deoderize
Uses for Ammonia
cooking and baking
Uses for Baking Soda
In fruits like oranges and lemons; in sour candies
Uses for Citric Acid
batteries, bulbs, and fireworks
Uses for Hydrochloric Acid
cleaning
Uses for Sodium Hydroxide
fertilizers and car batteries
Uses for Sulfuric Acid
4, 6, 0, 3
Weak acid on the pH scale is from ____ to____. Strong acids are from _____ to_____.
8, 10, 11, 14
Weak bases on the pH scale is from_____ to _____. Strong bases are from _____ to ____.
Sulfuric Acid
What acid was used in the "Dip Lab"?
Noble Gases
What are the least reactive elements?
light yellow
What color did the red grape solution turn in a base?
pink
What color did the red grape solution turn in an acid?
Pink/Red
What color does red cabbage juice turn acids?
Blue/Green
What color does red cabbage juice turn bases?
My table guessed four, three, and seven
What did you decide was in your sample?
Hydrogen
What gas was produced in the "Dip Lab"?
In this lab we combined Potassium Sulfate and alcohol to form a white precipitate. Pieces of it drifted through the tube and it looked like it was snowing.
What happened in the "snowstorm in a bottle" lab?
You heard and pop and there was a purple glow.
What happened when you put the lighted splint in the tube in the "Dip Lab"?
7.5
What is the pH of blood?
Magnesium
What metal was used in the "Dip Lab"?
Red Cabbage Juice
What natural indicator did we use?
My natural indicator was red grapes
What natural indicator did you make for your SIAB?
Litmus and pH paper
What two indicator papers did we use?
Fuel and Oxygen
What two things are necessary for combustion to occur?
We mixed different acids and bases together to get the pH level to where we wanted it to be. When aliens asked for acids, we had to pick one, it was the same for bases and neutrals.
What was the Alien Juice Lab?
H, OH, Neutralization
When acids donate an ____ and a base donates an ____ you get a _________ reaction.
This is because we don't have enough energy.
Why can't we experiment with a Decomposition Reaction?
We got the same results at specific tests when we compared the data
Why did you pick 4, 3, and 7, for your mystery powder ingredients?
pH paper, color
_____ ____ is more accurate because it tells you the exact _____ and you match it with color on pH scale
Natural Indicator
a natural substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base
Chemical Reaction
a reaction between two chemicals who combine to form a new substance
Endothermic Reaction
a reaction that needs to absorb heat from their surroundings to proceed
Exothermic Reaction
a reaction that releases energy as heat
Neutralization Reaction
a reaction where an acid and a base cancel each other out and all you are left with is water and salt
Acid
a solution that has an excess of H+ (hydrogen) ions
Indicator
a substance that changes color in the presence of acids and bases
Combustion
burning
Mystery Powder Lab
in this lab we went to different stations and tested six substances. Then we got a mix of three of these and tried to figure out which ones they were.
pH
means potential of Hydrogen and tells the acidity or alkalinity of a substance
Litmus Paper
only tells you whether a substance is an acid or base
deep red, pinkish purple, dark blue, light blue
pH paper- strong acids are a _____ ____ color. Weak acids are ______ ______. Strong Bases are a _____ _____. Weak bases are ____ _____ color.
Activation Energy
the amount of energy that is needed to start a chemical reaction
Hydronium Ion
the loose Hydrogen ions in atoms; found in acids
Chemical Salt
when you add an acid to a base, you get water and ________.
