Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment

The passage describes which of the following ideas?

The powers of government should be divided between its main branches

Which of the following topics/articles would likely not be investigated in Diderot's Encyclopedia?

Socialist political theories

The author of the excerpt is describing his understanding of the government of which of the following countries?

Great Britain

Which of the following was a major goal of the work as reflected in the excerpt?

The encouragement of skepticism toward all human knowledge

Malthus' argument in the passage is most likely a response to which of the following developments?

The legacy of the 16th century population explosion in Europe

The argument made in the second excerpt challenged the opinions found in the first excerpt by suggesting that

women are just as capable as men of rational thought and intellectual pursuits

This excerpt most directly espouses the idea of

capitalism

Which of the following beliefs is at least supported by the first excerpt?

A woman's most important role is as the main caregiver of her children

Smith's ideas in this passage were most likely a reaction against which trend in the 18th century Europe?

Guild restrictions on production methods and pricing

Rousseau's arguments in this passage reflect which commonly held conviction of the Enlightenment era?

Individual liberty is a basic necessity for human happiness

Which of the following 19th century political factions was most likely to embrace Adam Smith's economic philosophy?

Liberals

Which of the following represents the author's primary view of society

Man is born in a pure state of nature, but is corrupted by society

The ideas expressed in the first excerpt were a direct challenge to which of the following thinkers of the era?

Rene Descartes

Rousseau's ideas most directly influenced which of the following cultural movements?

Romanticism

Which of the following is an important difference, evident in this passage, between Rousseau and other Enlightenment-era philosophers?

Rousseau believed that man had been happiest in a state of nature, while most philosophers championed the role of modern political and social institutions

Which of the following intellectual movements is most evident in Smith's economic philosophy?

The Enlightenment's reliance on observation and rationality

The views expressed in the excerpt are best seen as evidence of which of the following in European society?

The use of reason and experience to develop theories relation to practical problems

Which of the following ideas and principles of the Scientific Revolution does this excerpt reflect?

There is an observable balance of forces in nature

Which of the following ideas would not be supported by Beccaria?

Torture was necessary in certain circumstances to elicit a confession from a criminal

Which of the following conditions was the most important cause of the situation discussed by Malthus in the passage?

Volatile weather for much of the 17th century

The ideas expressed in this excerpt were most directly a reaction to

a display of the arbitrary power of the state

The author's concept of the "general will" could be manipulated and used as a justification for

dictatorship

According tot he first excerpt, the source of all human knowledge is

experience and observation

The economic theories articulated by Adam Smith differ from those mercantilists in all of the following ways except

mercantilists believed importing goods from foreign countries should be encouraged while Smith advocated that the country should limit foreign trade

Which of the following groups would be most supportive of the sentiments expressed in the second excerpt?

merchants and businessmen