SCW: Basic First Aid

What are the 4 rules of using a stretcher?

1. Be ready to improvise. 2. Bring the stretcher to casualty. 3. Fasten the victim securely. 4. Move feet first.

What are the 3 types of bleeding?

1. Capillary: brick red, oozes slowly. 2. Veinous: dark red, steady flow. 3. Arterial: bright red, gushes out in spurts, most dangous.

What are the 4 methods to controll bleeding?

1. Direct pressure 2. Elevation 3. Indirtect pressure 4. Tourniquet

What are the 3 methods for purifying water?

1. Iodine 2. Boiling 3. Chlorination

What is the treatment for shock?

1. Keep them calm. 2. Moisten lips. 3. Keep them warm. 4. Place on their back, with legs rasied.

What is the treatment for heat exhaustion?

1. Move to cool area. 2. Loosen clothing and apply cool, wet cloths. 3. Don't let them get to cold. 4. Give a solution of 1 teaspoon of salt in cool water. 5. If vomiting don't give anymore water. 6. Transport to medical facility.

What is the treatment for heat stroke?

1. Move to cool place and remove excess clothing. 2. Immers in cold-water bath. 3. If cold-water bath isn't available, give sponge bath. 4. Place ice packs under arms and around neck. 5. Give cool water. 6. Transport to medical facility.

What is the treatment for a sucking chest wound?

1. Seal the wound with an airtight material (MRE bag for example). 2. Tape on 3 sides. 3. If condition worsenes remove seal. 4. Give oxygen if available. 5. Lay victim wound side down. 6. Watch closely for shock. 7. Don't give anything to drink. 8. Transport to medical facility.

What are the 2 classifications of frost bite?

1. Superficial 2. Deep

What is the 9-Line MEDEVAC?

1: Location 2: Radio frequency and call sign 3: Number of casualties by precedence 4: Special equipment 5: Number of patients by type 6: Security 7: Method of marking 8: Patient's nationality 9: NBC contamination

Describe the 4 types of burns.

1st Degree: mildest, redness, warmth, tender. 2nd Degree: severe pain, redden and blister the skin. 3rd Degree: destroys skin and muscle tissue. 4th Degree: skin, muscle, tendons, and even bones are burned.

How many pressure points are on the body?

22, 11 on each side

What is the compression to ventilation ratio for CPR?

5 to 1

State the sequence to examine an injured person.

Airway Breathing Circulation

What do you write on a tourniquet?

Date and time of application

What are the symptoms of a sucking chest wound?

Gasping for breath Bluish skin color Frothy blood coming from the wound

What are the symptoms of a heat stroke?

High body temp (105 F<) Weakness Deep, rapid breathing Flushed with hot, dry skin Constricted eyes Fast and strong pulse

Describe the cause of immersion foot.

Prolonged exposure to wet, cold temperatures. Limited motion of the feet and water-soaked socks and boots. Otherwise known as trench foot.

What are the symptoms of hypothermia

Shivering Drowsiness Unconsciousness Shock

How long does acclimatization take?

Significant heat acclimatization requires at least 3 to 5 days and full acclimatization can take up to 2 weeks.

What are the 7 ways to move a patient?

Stokes stretcher Army litter Miller board Improvised stretcher Spine board Emergency rescue lines Rescue and drag carry techniques

Name 2 pressure points.

Temporal (temples) Carotid (neck)

What are the symptoms of shock?

Weak, rapid pulse Cold to the touch Sweating Pale Dilated eyes Weakness Nauseous Restless

What are the symptoms for heat exhaustion?

Weakness Gray appearance Cold, moist, and clammy skin Dilated eyes Weak pulse

Describe frost bite.

When ice crystals form in the skin or tissues after exposure to temperatures of 32F or lower.

Should all penetrating chest wounds be treated as if they were sucking chest wounds?

Yes