Shankman Final

Which of the following is the appropriate ratio at motion below scapula and glenohumeral jt after the 1st 30 deg of glenohumoral flexion?

2:1

When the lumbar spine moves from a position of flexion into extension, the nucleus tends to displace in which direction? A. Anteriorly B. Posteriorly C. Laterally D. Diagonally

A. Anteriorly

Which of the following occurs as new scar tissue is formed? A. Collagen fibers become highly unorganized. B. There is a structured arrangement of collagen fibers. C. The new scar is at near maximum potential strength. D. Stress should not be applied at this time

A. Collagen fibers become highly unorganized.

Which of the following motions should be avoided during the acute and subacute phases after compression fractures? A. Flexion B. Extension C. Rotation D. Lateral flexion E. All of the above

A. Flexion

Which of the following types of collagen is found in healing tissue and is often seen at the early stages of wound repair? A. I B. II C. III D. IV

A. I

The patient with spinal stenosis frequently complains of increased symptoms with which of the following? A. Lumbar extension B. Lumbar flexion C. Ambulating in flexed lumbar posture D. Pelvic tilts E. All of the above

A. Lumbar extension

Spinal stenosis occurs in which of the following? A. Men twice as often as women B. Women more often than men C. Young men D. Older women more often than older men

A. Men twice as often as women

A "6" on the Borg scale corresponds to the following perceived exertion level: A. No exertion at all B. Some exertion C. Extremely light exertion D. Somewhat hard exertion

A. No exertion at all

Which of the following describe(s) Williams's exercises? (Circle any that apply.) A. Pelvic tilt B. Single knee to chest C. Prone extension D. Partial direct sit-ups E. Lateral trunk flexion

A. Pelvic tilt B. Single knee to chest D. Partial direct sit-ups

A general, comprehensive rehabilitation plan for treatment of rotator cuff impingement during pre-functional includes which of the following? A. Scapular stabilization exercises B. Repetitive overhead lifting C. Specific rotator cuff strengthening D. Pectoral strengthening E. None of the above

A. Scapular stabilization exercises

Which of the following best represents strain? A. Tissue elongation B. Load C. Stress D. Force/area

A. Tissue elongation

Which type of muscle fiber atrophies the most when immobilized in a shortened position? A. Type I B. Type II C. Fast-twitch D. Type II

A. Type I

A 25-year-old football player has fractured his right fibula. The orthopedic surgeon believes that he can return to competition in 3 to 4 weeks. At this moment, the football player is not allowed to weight bear on his right lower extremity. Which of the following exercises would be most appropriate for him to maintain cardiovascular fitness? A. UBE B. Elliptical machine C. Stationary bicycle D. Shuttle

A. UBE

Which of the following is an appropriate ratio after abduction of 30 degrees

A: 2:1

Proliferative fibrodysplasia disease that affects the palmar fasica and leads to contractures is called

A: Dupuytrens contracture

Q. When full arc of motions of slow speed, high resistance exercise are used to generate greater tension & strength, the joint compression forces & resultant torque are affected in which way?

A: Increased

Q; measurement of the efficiency of the aerobic system

A: Max o2 uptake(Vo2 max)

What type of muscle contraction is a frequent cause of indirect muscle strain?

A: concentric/ eccentric

Tendons have what tendency to heal how?

A: intrinsic and extrinsic

Q: 1 injured UE , most appropriate for aerobic exercise

A: one arm UBE stationary cycle treadmill

Q; limitation of function due to formation of scar tissue

A; adhesions

Q; capacity of an aerobic system to perform work is called "degree of fitness expressed as"

A; cardiovascular endurance, cardiovascular fitness, or cardiorespiratory fitness

Q; Static stretching

A; decreased contractures, improve motion, minimized risk of soft tissue injury

Q; free nerve ending type IV mechanoreceptors

A; pain, inflammation

Q; Proprioception and the mechanoreceptor system provide information

A; provide information concerning joint placement information concerning velocity and amplitude of joint motion provide information concerning pressure

Q: closed chain proprioception ex

A; push-ups, minitrampoline, physioball

Q; type I mechanoreceptor called ruffin

A; static joint position

Because of general bone quality (osteoporosis), which of the following can be used for treatment in an elderly patient with a type IV intercondylar fracture? A. ORIF B. "Bag of bones" procedure C. Early active motion D. Fusion

B. "Bag of bones" procedure

What percent of articular cartilage is water? A. 10% to 20% B. 65% to 80% C. 35% to 50% D. 15% to 40%

B. 65% to 80%

Which of the following are the most common of all ligament sprain classifications? A. Grades II and III B. Grades I and II C. Grades I and III D. Grades I, II, and III equally

B. Grades I and II

An increase in the thoracic posterior convexity is defined as which of the following? A. Lordosis B. Kyphosis C. Scoliosis D. Osteoporosis

B. Kyphosis

Activities of daily living modifications and exercise modifications in the presence of primary impingement include which of the following? A. Avoid forward flexion above 30 degrees B. Limit abduction below 80 to 90 degrees C. Avoid abduction entirely D. Avoid internal rotation E. All of the above

B. Limit abduction below 80 to 90 degrees

Clavicular fractures occur commonly to which of the following? A. Women 20 to 30 years of age B. Men younger than 25 years of age C. Men between 30 to 45 years of age

B. Men younger than 25 years of age

Degenerative tears of the meniscus occur typically to people of which age? A. Younger than 30 years old B. Older than 40 years old C. Between 30 and 40 years old D. Between 70 and 80 years old

B. Older than 40 years old

Which of the following describes a common course of rehab for cases of tendonitis? A. Surgery, immobilization, rehab B. RICE, protective, progressive exercises C. Full ROM, Active exercise D. Rigid immobilization

B. RICE, protective, progressive exercises

Which of the following is the most common fracture that occurs with elbow dislocation? A. Supracondylar fractures B. Radial head fractures C. Radius fractures D. Ulnar fractures

B. Radial head fractures

In the presence of adhesive capsulitis, with restricted glenohumeral motion, it is also essential to address which of the following during each phase? A. Active assistive full glenohumeral ROM B. Scapular stabilization and motion exercises C. Plyometrics D. Closed chain exercises E. All of the above

B. Scapular stabilization and motion exercises

A painful resistance at the end range of motion accompanied by a soft sensation is called which of the following? A. Elastic resistance B. Springy block C. Capsular end-feel D. Empty end-feel

B. Springy block

Terminal knee extension and wrist flexion describe the most common normal feel at the end range of joints. This is called which of the following? A. Bone to bone B. Springy-tissue stretch C. Soft-tissue approximation D. Joint play

B. Springy-tissue stretch

Which type of collagen is predominantly produced after injury? A. Type I B. Type III C. Type II D. Type IV

B. Type III

Which of the following describe(s) contraindications for static or dynamic lumbar strength testing? (Circle any that apply.) A. Chronic pain B. Unstable fractures C. Acute injury D. Sequestrated disk E. Fatigue

B. Unstable fractures C. Acute injury D. Sequestrated disk

This injury occurs as a result of glenohumeral dislocation & is defined as an avulsion of the capsule & glenoid labrum of the anterior rim of the glenoid. A. RC tear B. Bankart lesion C. Hill-sachs lesion D. Subacromial impingement

B: bankart lesion

Tendons heal by way of 3 organized stages of inflammation, repair, and remodeling. However, tendons have capacity to heal:

By both intrinsic and extrinsic repair

Which PRE program does the following describe: 3 sets of 10 reps of exercise, with the 1st set performed at 50% of 10 RM, 2nd set at 75% of 10 RM, & 3rd set at 100%?

C Delorme PRE

What is the average normal carrying angle for men? A. 15 degrees B. 8 degrees C. 10 degrees D. 5 degrees

C. 10 degrees

What percentage of the periphery is vascular in the medial and lateral meniscus? A. 5% to 10% B. 40% to 50% C. 10% to 30% D. 20% to 40%

C. 10% to 30%

Which of the following describes the rule of tens when applied to isometric exercise? A. 10 body parts must be exercised B. 10 exercises must be used C. 10-second contractions, 10 repetitions, 10-second rest D. None of the above

C. 10-second contractions, 10 repetitions, 10-second rest

Where is pain most clinically significant in the presence of a scaphoid fracture? A. Volar aspect of the wrist (diffuse) B. Dorsal aspect of the wrist (diffuse) C. Anatomic "snuffbox" D. Ulnar styloid

C. Anatomic "snuffbox"

Compression fractures of the spine can commonly occur in elderly persons with osteoporosis from which of the following? A. High force flexion B. Ballistic extension C. Benign daily activities D. High force rotation E. All of the above

C. Benign daily activities

Through what means is spinal stenosis most commonly acquired? A. By overt trauma B. By repetitive motion C. By degenerative arthritic changes D. Because of weakness of the paraspinal musculature

C. By degenerative arthritic changes

Which of the following is not a symptom of vascular obstruction after supracondylar fracture? A. Paresthesia B. Pain in forearm muscles C. Crepitus at fracture site D. Painful and reduced finger motion

C. Crepitus at fracture site

The appearance of firm nodules in the palm may be the initial stages of which of the following? A. De Quervain disease B. Volkmann contracture C. Dupuytren contracture D. CRPS

C. Dupuytren contracture

Which of the following are two components of flexibility? A. Speed and joint motion B. Tension and stretch C. Elongation of muscle and range of motion D. Range of motion and tension

C. Elongation of muscle and range of motion

Which type of exercise has been shown to be more effective in producing larger diameter collagen in ligaments? A. Isometric B. Concentric C. Endurance type exercises D. Eccentric

C. Endurance type exercises

After diagnosis, which of the following may have the greatest effect on reducing symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome in the years ahead? A. Strengthening B. Stretching C. Identifying and modifying activities of daily living (ADL) and occupational risks D. Bracing

C. Identifying and modifying activities of daily living (ADL) and occupational risks

To minimize joint compression forces during the initial stages of recovery, the most appropriate muscle contraction to use to develop or maintain strength is which of the following? A. Short arc eccentrics B. Isokinetic full arc high-speed concentric C. Isometrics D. Slow-speed short arc isokinetic concentric

C. Isometrics

To recover functional use of the knee after injury, which of the following best describes the most appropriate selection of muscle contraction types to regain strength? A. Isometrics, isotonic (concentric) B. Isometrics, isotonic (eccentric) C. Isometrics, isotonic (concentric and eccentric) D. Isotonic (concentric and eccentric), isokinetic slow speed (concentric and eccentric)

C. Isometrics, isotonic (concentric and eccentric)

Stress deprivation to ligaments leads to which of the following? (Circle any that apply.) A. Improved healing B. Secure collagen formation C. Ligament atrophy D. Reduced ligament strength E. Hypertrophy of ligament tissue

C. Ligament atrophy D. Reduced ligament strength

What is the most common complication after elbow dislocation? A. Myositis ossificans B. Volkmann ischemic contracture C. Loss of elbow extension D. Neurovascular compromise

C. Loss of elbow extension

Early active motion usually can begin after the first week after immobilization for a dislocated elbow; however, passive stretching is related to the development of which of the following? A. Flexion contractures B. Vascular injury C. Myositis ossificans D. Extension contractures

C. Myositis ossificans

Which of the following is a relative contraindication for the application of joint mobilization? A. Local bone disease B. Active inflammatory arthritis C. Osteoporosis D. Malignancy E. All of the above

C. Osteoporosis

Lateral epicondylitis is caused by which of the following? A. Acute direct trauma B. Concentric contraction of wrist flexors C. Overuse, repetitive motion disorder, cumulative trauma D. Eccentric loading of the biceps E. All of the above

C. Overuse, repetitive motion disorder, cumulative trauma

When the lumbar spine moves from a position of extension into flexion, the nucleus tends to displace in which direction? A. Laterally B. Diagonally C. Posteriorly D. Anteriorly

C. Posteriorly

Mechanical compression of the rotator cuff tendons (primarily the supraspinatus tendon) as they pass under the coracoacromial ligament between the coracoid and acromion process is which of the following? A. Secondary impingement B. Thoracic outlet syndrome C. Primary impingement D. Bicipital Tendinitis

C. Primary impingement

If an injury occurs to an area of the meniscus where the tear is vascular on both sides, it is called which of the following? (Circle any that apply.) A. Reparable B. Red-on-white C. Red-on-red D. Nonreparable E. Zone III

C. Red-on-red

Which of the following are classifications of pediatric fractures? A. Smith-Harris B. Salter-James C. Salter-Harris D. Harris-Jones

C. Salter-Harris

Which of the following describes an extruded disk? A. The nucleus is free in the canal. B. The nucleus bulges against annulus. C. The nucleus extends through the annulus, but the nuclear material is contained by the posterior longitudinal ligament. D. The nucleus is intact, but the annulus is ruptured.

C. The nucleus extends through the annulus, but the nuclear material is contained by the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Which of the following is the main goal of static stretching? A. To improve athletic performance B. To increase ligament stability C. To improve motion D. To decrease muscle tension

C. To improve motion

Which of the following is considered the most significant complication after supracondylar fracture? A. Joint contracture B. Malunion C. Vascular compromise D. Nonunion

C. Vascular compromise

11. Adhesive capsulitis commonly affects which of the following? A. Men 40 to 60 years old B. Women 20 to 30 years old C. Women 40 to 60 years old D. Men 60 years and older

C. Women 40 to 60 years old

Which type of muscle contraction is a frequent cause of indirect muscle strain?

Concentric/eccentric

High Velocity isokinetic exercise can allow for which of the following? A Accommodation of pt pain B Reduced compression forces C Improved functional speeds of contraction

D All the above

According to the CDC, what is the minimum number of hours a week that an adult should perform moderate-intensity aerobic exercises? A. 90 minutes B. 1 hour and 30 minutes C. 2 hours D. 2 hours and 30 minutes

D. 2 hours and 30 minutes

Long-duration static stretching refers to holding the stretch for how long? A. 20 seconds B. 1 to 5 minutes C. 10 to 12 minutes D. 20 to 60 minutes

D. 20 to 60 minutes

Active stress, muscular contractions, and joint motion allow collagen to be which of the following? A. Organized B. Stronger C. Functional D. All of the above

D. All of the above

An individual muscle's potential to gain strength and power is determined by which of the following? A. Muscle fiber length B. Mass of the muscle C. Angle of attachment of the muscle to a tendon D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Immobilization and reduced physiologic stress have what effect on healing bone tissue? A. Increased callus formation B. Stronger bone C. Increased osteoblast activity D. Decreased osteoblasts and rapid osteoclast activity

D. Decreased osteoblasts and rapid osteoclast activity

When instructing a pt to perform isometric contractions, which of the following best describes the most appropriate sequence?

D. Gradual 2 sec development of tension, 6 sec maintenance of max contraction, gradual 2 sec decrease in tension

Which of the following tissues consist of type II collagen? A. Muscle B. Bone C. Tendon D. Hyaline cartilage

D. Hyaline cartilage

Which testing tool affords the clinician the greatest degree of evaluating muscular performance? A. Hand dynamometers B. Cable tensiometry C. One-repetition maximum lifts D. Isokinetics

D. Isokinetics

An abnormal end-feel that is characterized by pain and a sudden halt of motion is called which of the following? A. Capsular end-feel B. Empty end-feel C. Springy block D. Muscle spasm

D. Muscle spasm

Which is the most common cause of pathologic fractures? A. Tumors B. Stress fractures C. Metastatic bone disease D. Osteoporosis

D. Osteoporosis

Which of the following is not a part of a tendon? A. The muscle-bone junction B. The midsubstance C. The bone-tendon junction D. The musculotendinous junction

D. The musculotendinous junction

Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) is a disease that primarily affects which age group? A. Young adults only B. Adults more than 50 years old only C. Elderly people more than 70 years old D. Young to middle-aged adults

D. Young to middle-aged adults

Red muscle fibers are also identified as which of the following? A.slow twitch B.type 1 fibers C. oxidative D. all of the above

D. all of the above

A sprain involves: A. muscle B. tendon C. cartilage D. ligament E. All of the above

D. ligament

Aproliferation fibrosplasia disease that affects the palmar fascia and leads to contracture is called:

Dupuytrenes contracture

Which of the following are identified as possible complications after Colles fractures? A. Nonunion B. Tendon adhesions C. Median nerve compression D. Persistent pain and stiffness E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following describes adhesive capsulitis, or "frozen shoulder"? A. Pain B. Reduced range of motion C. Inflamed capsule D. Fibrous synovial adhesions E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following describes the functions of the meniscus? A. Dissipation of compressive loads B. Joint lubrication C. Load bearing D. Joint stability E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following is a clinical symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome? A. Pain B. Numbness C. Weakness D. Tingling E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following is an indication for proximal humerus prosthesis or total shoulder arthroplasty? A. Avascular necrosis B. Rheumatoid arthritis C. Severe osteoarthritis D. Displaced Neer's four-part proximal humerus fractures E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following represents structures that can be injured as a result of elbow dislocation? A. Ulnar nerve B. Radial nerve C. Brachial artery D. Median nerve E. All of the above

E. All of the above

What adjunctive technique is occasionally used to encourage, stimulate, and enhance muscular contractions during periods of cast immobilization for the treatment of fractures? A. Ultrasound B. Phonophoresis C. Biofeedback D. TENS

E. Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS)

Tendon injuries that require surgery repair are best treated by:

Limited immobilization, gentle protected ROM, and appropriate ex

Which of the following is most susceptible to indirect, incomplete muscle strains?

Musculotendinous junction

What is a relative contraindication of application of Jt. Mobilizations?

Osteoporosis

Rowing exercises, scapular plane elevation (scaption) press ups & push ups are what for of exercise?

Scapular Stabilization exercises

Rowing ex, scapular plane elevation and press-ups with a plus define?

Scapular stabilization ex

Terminal Knee ext. and wrist flex. Are most common normal end feel at the end range jt.?

Springy tissue stretch