Sleep Disorders Quiz Slides 13 to 17

Assume that you were a physician who is treating a person with seasonal affective disorder. Based on your knowledge of effective treatments for this problem, which of the following would you recommend?

Expose her to bright artificial lights for 1-2 hours each day.

June Pilcher and Allen Huffcutt (1996) conducted a study examining the impact of various types of sleep deprivation on mood and performance. The results of their study revealed that:

both partial and total sleep deprivation had strong negative effects on mood and performance.

For the past few years, Jane has been becoming depressed during the winters. It usually starts around October and continues until February or March, when her mood usually starts to improve. Jane is most likely suffering from:

seasonal affective disorder.

Many people are grumpy on Monday mornings, and part of the reason may be related to circadian rhythms. On weekends, many people go to sleep later and wake later than they usually do. As a result their circadian clocks shift. Come Monday morning, when they get up earlier than they have all weekend, this effectively ___________ the length of the day and it produces the same effect as flying several time zones ___________ on a jet.

shortens; east

Which of the following disorders is characterized by the temporary cessation of breathing while asleep?

sleep apnea

Grandpa is napping in his recliner, snoring loudly, when suddenly he stops snoring. You look to see if he woke up, but he is still asleep and appears to not be breathing. For a moment you wonder if he's dead, but suddenly he snorts and resumes snoring. Grandpa is displaying

sleep apnea.

Mr. Owens always sleeps restlessly, snoring and gasping during the night. It is most likely that Mr. Owens suffers from

sleep apnea.

Lucy wants to go to sleep at 10:00 p.m. because she gets up for work at 5:30 a.m. She has been trying for a month to fall asleep by 10:00 p.m. but can't seem to fall asleep until after 11:00 p.m. Lucy most likely has

sleep-onset insomnia.

Sleepwalking usually takes place while people are in ___________________, whereas REM sleep behavior disorder involves an abnormality that impacts functioning during ______________.

stage 3 or stage 4 sleep; REM sleep

You are flying to the _____ and your traveling has effectively shortened the day. The best thing to do to reset your circadian clock would be to expose yourself to outdoor light in the _____________.

west; morning

Narcolepsy is a disorder involving

periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness.

Nightmares are to __________ as night terrors are to _________.

REM sleep; Stage 4 sleep

What did Barber and colleagues find when they asked students to complete a daily sleep log and online diaries of perceived stress in life over a five-day period?

A few days of sleep deficiency early in the week can contribute to psychological strain later in the week despite attempts to offset with subsequent sleep.

Which of the following best describes narcolepsy?

A sleep disorder that involves excessive, uncontrollable daytime sleepiness.

Which of the following is true of people who participate in sleep deprivation experiments?

They show a decline in logical reasoning ability.

Flying from California to New York (i.e., the West Coast to the East Coast) would have the same impact on circadian rhythms as:

a shift worker on the graveyard shift (midnight - 8:00 a.m.) moving to the night shift (8:00 p.m. - 4:00 a.m.).

When you go to check on your sleeping child, you observe that his eyes are moving back and forth rapidly under his eyelids. It is likely that he is

dreaming.

When does sleepwalking usually occur?

during REM sleep

Night terrors tend to occur

during the deepest phases of non-REM sleep.

Fred is having a vivid dream about running in a marathon. His legs don't start pumping furiously in bed in order to run because:

even though our brains are very active, we are essentially paralyzed while in REM sleep..

The sleep disorder narcolepsy occurs when individuals

fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities.

You have studied a fair amount for an important test tomorrow but are considering pulling an all-nighter so that you can really be prepared. According to research on sleep deprivation, the best thing to do would be to ____________, since students who stay up all night studying have been found to ___________ on cognitive tasks.

go to bed and sleep; do worse

Your friend Helen works the night shift at the local grocery store every other day. She has trouble sleeping which is most likely due to

her circadian rhythms do not follow a 24-hour cycle.

Jerry is in the process of getting a divorce and is having trouble at his job. Previously he had not had any sleep disorders but is bothered by one now. Which disorder would he most likely have developed?

insomnia

REM sleep disorder and narcolepsy are similar in that both:

involve uncontrollable attacks of sleepiness

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by

irresistible urges to fall asleep.

You awaken in the middle of the night to find your roommate standing in the corner of your room with an aggressive look on his face, punching a pillow, and running in place. Despite this strange behavior, you realize that your roommate is still asleep, and when you wake him he shares with you that he was having this bizarre dream about having been involved in a fight while running on a treadmill. Given what you have learned in introductory psychology, it is most likely that your roommate:

may have REM sleep behavior disorder.

You are experiencing ______ if your dream during REM sleep is particularly frightening and you are upset enough to wake up from your dream.

nightmares

Sleep researchers call the frightening dreams that virtually everyone has at one time or another:

nightmares.